The
secession of
Bangladesh from
Pakistan in 1971 is not covered by the term
Partition of India, nor is the earlier separation of
Burma (now
Myanmar) from the administration of British India, or the even earlier separation of
Ceylon (now
Sri Lanka). Ceylon was part of the
Madras Presidency of British India from 1795 until 1798 when it became a separate
Crown Colony of the Empire. Burma, gradually annexed by the British during 1826-86 and governed as a part of the British Indian administration until 1937, was directly administered thereafter.
[2] Burma was granted independence on 4 January 1948 and Ceylon on 4 February 1948. (See
History of Sri Lanka and
History of Burma.)
Bhutan,
Nepal and the
Maldives, the remaining countries of present-day South Asia, were unaffected by the partition. The first two, Nepal and Bhutan, having signed treaties with the British
designating them as
independent states, were never a part of the British Indian Empire, and therefore their borders were unaffected by the partition of India.
[3] The Maldives, which had become a
protectorate of the
British crown in 1887 and gained its independence in 1965, was also unaffected by the
partition.