Mosthome-ed students take International GCSE (IGCSE) biology exams, which consist of written exams only. Unlike GCSEs, IGCSEs do not require core practical work to be carried out in the exam centre.
For most home educators, GCSE Biology is not an option and they must do IGCSE. GCSE biology does not have a practical exam, BUT the head of the exam centre has to sign a form saying that each candidate has been offered the opportunity to carry out all core practicals at the centre. Most centres won't do this for external candidates.
Although there is no practical exam in IGCSE Biology, an understanding of practical work is necessary. Both specifications have a list of core practicals that the candidate is required to understand, but no form has to be signed to say these have been done/observed making the specifications easier for private candidates to access. IGCSE biology specifications have 'alternative to practicals' questions as part of the written exam papers. Carrying out practicals will help with understanding but it is not a requirement, videos can be found of most experiments - the Biology Practicals page offers ideas and support.
If you are not sure what textbooks or revision books to buy, or where to find answers, please ask on the HE exams and alternatives group You only need one student textbook and one is not better than the others, it is personal preference.
(Pearson) Edexcel International GCSE (9-1) Biology Student Book (2017) by Bradfield and Potter. Some people find the layout a little cluttered, so check on Amazon's 'see inside' feature to compare with other textbooks. Answers are available here
Grade 9-1 Edexcel International GCSE Biology: Complete Revision & Practice with Online Edition This book combines the CGP revision guide with questions, but has fewer questions than if buying the exam practice workbook. There might be overlap with the above books.
Past papers can be accessed through the specification page or here. Papers with an R suffix were available in a different time zone. They are the same specification and can be used as practice. Paper 1B will also have Double Award listed on the front - this is because the same paper is used for both qualifications - those sitting IGCSE Biology sit 1B and 2B, those sitting Double Award Science sit 1B, 1C and 1P.
You can use questions from the past papers of the 2011 syllabus for practice, but be mindful of any minor changes in the syllabus that happened when updated in 2017. There is a mapping document on the 2017 specification page, (2016 - Word Doc) which describes changes and additions from the previous 2011 specification which might be helpful.
Cambridge offer 2 IGCSEs in Biology from 2019. The difference is in the grading, 0970 being 9-1 and 0610 being A*-G, otherwise the syllabus is identical. Some exam centres will only enter students for 0970.
Characteristics and classification of living organisms, Organisation of the organism, Movement in and out of cells, Biological molecules, Enzymes, Plant nutrition, Human nutrition, Transport in plants Transport in animals, Diseases and immunity, Gas exchange in humans, Respiration, Excretion in humans, Coordination and response, Drugs, Reproduction, Inheritance, Variation and selection, Organisms and their environment, Biotechnology and genetic engineering, Human influences on ecosystems
Cambridge Biology is 'tiered' students enter for core (which allows them to achieve grade 5-1) or extended (which allows them to achieve grade 9-1). Those doing Core just need to study the core content, those doing Extended need to study the core and supplementary content.
The specification has three papers: a 1h Alternative to Practical, a 45 min Multiple Choice and a 1 hr 15 Theory paper. The multiple choice and theory exams used to be taken back to back (so effectively 2 hours), but for the past two years have been examined on separate days.
CAIE science IGCSEs are tiered. This means that less able students can opt for the core tier, (papers 1, 3 and 6) but can only get a maximum grade of C or 5. More able students can opt for the higher (extended) tier (papers 2, 4 and 6) with the grade range of 9-1.
Some books include answers, others don't. Some publishers will provide links to answers if you contact them. If you are not sure what textbooks or revision books to buy, or where to find answers, please ask on the HE exams and alternatives group
Past papers can be found on the specification pages or sites such as
pastpapers.co and papacambridge. Each series of 0610 (besides the March series - which is only sat in India) has 3 sets of papers available. These are because they were sat in different time zones. They are the same syllabus and useful for practice. You can use both 0970 and 0610 papers to practice either spec. 0970 was new in 2019, any tweaks to 0610 at the same time look to be minor so papers from pre-2019 will still be useful. There are a couple of subtopics being dropped from 2023 exams, but papers from before will still be useful.
Free download from iTunes of CIE Biology textbook. The actual downloads are available from the iTunes Stephen Pearse Foundation Store. The free material is only available in the iTunes U app on iPhone or iPad, not on a PC or windows laptop.
D G Mackean has a website, Biology Resources with some resources. (Note that the textbook answers on the site appear to be for the 2nd edition of the book, not the most recent edition, and other resources might be similarly out of date).
The Trilogy course is a more conventional Science course and is split into the three sciences, and much of the content and key practicals align with the Triple Science content. Trilogy students will have two papers on each science.
OCR is not the most popular exam board for GCSE Science, but is often considered to be one of the easiest. However, the grade boundaries are known to be quite high compared to other exam boards with more rigorous content.
Here, students study each of the three sciences; but the knowledge is applied to more contemporary topics than would be expected of a conventional science course. The 21st Century papers ask learners to apply their knowledge to situations which aim to reflect the reality of the world around us.
Doing some practicals at home will be useful for answering the practical questions in the exam. IGCSE exams contain questions about equipment, experiment design, and procedures, as well as safety and general scientific methodology, such as controlling variables.
Please see our page Biology Practicals about doing biology experiments from home. It includesinformation on obtaining supplies and hints and tips. There are many practicals on the GCSE and IGCSE syllabus which can easily be carried out at home.
Naked Scientists Tip: use 'search' and then 'advanced search' (eg. bacteria in 'search for', internal pages in 'search in' and experiments in 'category' will come up with a few experiments mostly suitable to GCSE, some a bit young)
Many home-educated students study Biology successfully using just the textbook and free online resources, but some find a distance learning course suits their family better, or want to use a tutor occasionally for marking essays or past papers. Course providers can be found on the Distance Learning Providers page.
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