All of that sounds plausible. There does appear to be something funny in the way polygons are closed (or not closed) in some areas, 44.2453, -76.3819 for example. It's pretty clear when you load the in-browser editor from
openstreetmap.org that the shoreline representation is inconsistent from segment to segment.
What confuses me, though, is that other OSM viewers - notably, the
openstreetmap.org in-browser viewer - nevertheless parse the Great Lakes shorelines correctly. It's only in OsmAnd that the shorelines fail to render at all.