Your browser might have security requirement. To properly setup, you need HTTPS, you need a valid DNS name (your domain), and you need to configure certificate and key.
In your case, to bypass all those and just test whether orthanc is up, you can fire a curl command, such as
In reality, you should not open port 80, and use HTTPS on port 8042, TLS on port 4242. It is illegal in most countries, to transmit clinical information without TLS encryption.
If you have a fixed public IP and just wanted to test your idea, you can edit your /etc/hosts file to fake dns resolution, and use a self-signed certificate that matches your URL.