The issue you'll have is all the hidden folders in the user's account that controls their settings. You "could" mount this shares then use system links for Pictures > My Pictures, Documents > My Documents, etc. The issue is writing the script is such a way that it would be resistant to connectivity issues which is very difficult when dealing with a laptop.
You can use gvfs-mount which is the default way to mount a share and have the users browse to that share for their files. If you know the server and the domain your querying and the share name you should be able to write a simple script to ask the user for their username and password for the share. This doesn't give you everything folder redirects do but on a laptop I question the sanity of folder redirects on any mobile platform.
In anycase you'll need to mount the user's shares in the userspace which means you need to be able to mount that share as the user who is logged in, within their home directory (gvfs-mount mounts in ~/.gvfs/). I have a few example scripts that can do just this but I'm thinking just mounting a share isn't what you're after.