John,
Are you doing this with a bare frame or with the BB installed? If the former, I've had success with snaking a shifter or brake cable through and then using that to pull the lighting cable through. Sometimes a single strand from a brake cable works even better. You can attach the lighting cable to that with good duct tape or even heat shrink tubing (whatever you use just keep that connection as thin as possible)
If the latter (w/BB installed), then a trick I've heard that others use with some success is to use either dental floss or sewing thread and then "pull" it through with a shop vac. You have to plug up everything except the opening you want the floss to exit. Attach a shop vac to the exit hole with duct tape to form a good seal, then thread the floss or thread in and let the vacuum suck it through the frame and out the exit hole. Haven't tried that method but it sounds like it should work.
Additional tip: if you're planning to use grommets to protect the cable at the entrance and exits, make sure you thread those onto the lighting wire before you get too far along.
It takes more time than you think so just be patient. Having a wired taillight is totally worth it though!
- David