Direct = Aiming for complete 100% consensus and reconsidering/amending proposal until all approve.
Modified = Incorporating a fallback % of approvals to move to consensus.
I'd assume consensus is understood to be full approval technically, though we've had a few fence straddlers on a couple temp checks that were called consensus.
The threshold is obviously subjective, but a fallback of 2/3 or 3/4 approval on a proposal is common in some orgs. I would think 90% approval is fair & worth considering.
I think we should ask if folks would stand aside in the event of failure to reach 100% consensus.
A straw poll is technically the same as a temp check, as a poll is to read the group prior to a formal vote in most cases (where there's voting).