Quantitative Amino Acid-Protein Dynamics Nobel Lecture 2016

[Joseph Arabasz MD]

Subject: Quantitative Amino Acid-Protein Dynamics, Nobel Lecture 2016

     Dietary Daily Protein Food recommendation is ~1gram/kg of body weight, eg ~70grams, however Protein Synthesis/day is 240grams mostly from Reutilization (170grams)

     These concepts make a big difference, since the implication is that if the MDR for Protein is really 240 grams/70kg = 3.5 g/kg/day vs 1g/kg/day, that might imply the 170 g/day of recycled Protein could be only a "turnover," catabolic event, which might be minimized if Amino Acid supply is adequate

    "Constitutive autophagy" is different from events to obtain Essential Amino Acids

Should differentiate the difference between destruction of used enzymes and those events which result from searching for deficient Amino Acids among Protein structures

Presumed Subject body weight is 70kg

Best wishes always

Thank you for your assistance with this matter

Cordially,

Joseph W Arabasz MD

S/P USAF, Top Secret 1964-69

University of Colorado at Boulder 1972, CU School of Medicine '75, '77, '83

Past Division Chairman, Anesthesiology, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, Illinois

Past Chairman, Respiratory Therapy, Cook County Hospital, Chicago

Diplomate ABA

Mensa

Sigma Xi, The Professional Science Research Society

http://www.SigmaXi.org

PO Box 6939

Denver, CO 80206

USA

720-364-2265

https://groups.google.com/forum/#!categories/nutrition-jwamd

http://groups.google.com/group/nutrition-jwamd/topics

http://www.topica.com/lists/joseph...@topica.com (2001-2014 site closed/open)

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Autophagy- Nobel Lecture 2016

Dr Yoshinori

Figure

"Protein dynamics in the human body

The bulk of amino acids required for synthesis are met not through dietary intake, but the turnover of existing proteins in the cell

Blockage of the Reutilization Pathway for Amino Acids-Proteins, eg Essential B12 Vitamine methionine synthase enzyme with nitrous oxide, disrupts equilibrium and is perceived by the body as starvation

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"Alternate forms of autophagy

-mentioned earlier that nutrient starvation is the most potent signal for the

induction of autophagy, representing a fundamental evolutionary adaptation to

the persistent challenge of nutrient limitation, starvation. In our work, we have

predominantly assessed autophagy in cells that have been subjected to starvation. 

But evolution is highly resourceful, and as with many highly-conserved core

cellular processes, autophagy has found a range of diverse applications in the

cell. In contrast to the canonical autophagy pathway, where induction is tightly

regulated and induced in response to starvation, constitutive forms of autophagy,

which occur continuously at a basal level in the cell, have also been uncovered.

Constitutive autophagy, the progress of which is independent of starvation,

is important for cytoplasmic homeostasis. 

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Food Protein

70g/day

Protein Synthesis

240g/day

Reutilization

170g/day

Degradation

240g/day

Excretion as Urea, Carbon Dioxide

70g/day

Body Mass of 60kg Human is described as having Total Protein content of 9kg

Excretion as Urea, Carbon Dioxide

70g/day

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"Life is in an equilibrium state between synthesis and degradation of proteins. 

replacement of most proteins occurs every 3 months- “difference between organisms and machine” 

Recycling is essential for life important ability for survival against starvation"

critical selection factor in evolution 

Rudolf Schoenheimer (1898-1941)

J. Biol. Chem., 1939 “Protein Turnover” using isotope as a tracer

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Use of Schoenheimer's scientific findings

Schoenheimer’s scientific work and his development of isotope tagging techniques enabled biochemists to discover the various metabolic pathways of the body

Schoenheimer was among the first scientists to identify that the bodies of humans and animals had processes of renewal and regeneration

The methods and techniques used by Schoenheimer also provided a means to measure quantities of substances within the body prior to the advent of the technologies and software for dynamic measurements

Schoenheimer’s 1933 metabolic balance study in animals presented early evidence of “end-product feedback inhibition of cholesterol synthesis”

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