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In addition to history, there are appendices. They contain papers too valuable to be lost, of articles, letters and accumulated facts which the writer believes should be preserved. The history is authentic, the appendices are as they were originally written. Taken as a whole, the book represents what could be collected up to this time.
This work, now being offered to the public of Onslow County, by J. Parsons Brown, was much in his mind and a large volume of research material was already collected, when I first became closely acquainted with his interest and work more than twenty years ago. Since then, at times, and over the last five years, at frequent instances, I have had discussions with Mr. Brown about his work and his hope of ultimate publication. I have also, at several such times, gone over portions of the written text and have discussed with Mr. Brown the arrangement and presentations of certain divisions of his subject-matter.
Therefore, I am a qualified witness to the vast work and pains Mr. Brown has invested in his effort to present to you the story of Onslow County. Having spent a good part of my own adult life in abstracting the land title records of the county and knowing those records to be only one of the sources from which the materials of this book have been gathered, I can assure the readers that a love for such work and a desire to render a needed service are the greatest compensation the author can ever gain for his labor.
Onslow County lies along the seashore in the southeastern section of the state of North Carolina, extending from thirty miles north of Wilmington to twenty miles south of New Bern. Its northerly boundary is White Oak River; its southeastern border is the Atlantic Ocean.
New River, from its head to its mouth, is wholly within the county and is a beautiful stream which falls about seventy-five feet downhill in a distance of about fifty miles. The Inland Waterway Canal parallels the Atlantic Ocean for a distance of fifty miles. The river and sounds of Onslow Bay make up some of the best fishing grounds on the Atlantic seaboard. The pocosins are noted for good hunting in season. Its beaches are developing into resort areas easily reached by an ever increasing population. Hard surfaced highways make every point within the county easily accessible.
Onslow County is a bell shaped area of about fifty miles in every direction and includes about 483,800 acres of land and water. Of this total the Federal government holds title to about 85,200 acres. The North Carolina Forestry Foundation owns within the county something like 50,000 acres, which included with all other forest areas, amounts to approximately 288,350 acres of productive forest area. Other lands of no present commercial value cover about 30,233 acres. The urban coverage amounts to about 12,500 acres in the county, leaving about 60,000 acres on which to produce crops each year.
NOTE: Bibliographic information furnished the writer by Don Halsey, County Agricultural Agent, and from Mr. C. G. Holland, Fisheries Commissioner, Department of Conservation and Development, Morehead City, North Carolina.
Brown, Warren and Worsley were Englishmen. For six years these three families remained alone in the Onslow wilderness, but in 1713 a Frenchman, John Nasaugue, passed them by and paddled his lone canoe several miles on up the stream to a point beyond where Jacksonville now is. His new home was located on the North West Branch of New River.
In Switzerland and in England were numbers of Protestant refugees who had fled Germany on account of religious persecution. What to do with these thrifty but homeless people soon became a problem in those countries.
When De Graffenreidt brought his colonists to New Berne he planned to settle all of them on the Neuse and White Oak rivers and had made arrangements to furnish each family with live-stock (especially hogs and sheep) and supplies until such time as they became self-supporting. In addition, quit rents were payable to the proprietors annually.
By 1713 the choice sites on De Graffenreidt's lands had largely been taken. There being no roads, the rivers were used both for travel and transportation, and so the settler who had no water front on his farm found himself at a disadvantage.
Most attractive was the offering of rich lands which could be had for the taking. Here they could worship God as they pleased, had the liberty to act on their own initiative, and an opportunity to pursue their plans and purposes in whatever way to them seemed best, without let or hindrance. Many welcomed the opportunity to come to the new lands of Onslow.
Settlers also came into Onslow from Wilmington and the North East Cape Fear and made homes in the southern and western portion of the county, so Onslow was an overflow settlement from two directions. No one took up large acreage of land or brought a large company of settlers at any one time.
The colonists soon became used to the life of the Carolina wilderness and, judging by letters they wrote back home, were happy and would not have traded their new homes for the old. They often mentioned the freedom from oppression and the ease in getting a living here, especially in the growing of livestock.
To learn the facts of the case as to Onslow, a search was made through the journals of the Assembly and the Minutes of the County Court under whom the Precinct operated; the result being that not only has the correct date been ascertained, but the peculiar circumstances surrounding the action has been brought to light.
The first Governor sent over by the King following his purchase of the Carolina Colonies was George Burrington. Soon after assuming his duties, the Governor and Council received a petition from the citizens of White Oak, New River and Topsail asking the formation of a new Precinct, and pointing out the difficulty for the citizens in getting to the courts in Carteret and New Hanover.
From a photostatic copy of the original Order in Council showing the erection and naming of Onslow Precinct taken from the Governor's office files by the State Department of Archives and History November 18, 1954, a true transcription taken from Colonial Records, Volume III, pages 256 and 257, is as follows:
Upon petition of the inhabitants of White Oak, New River and Topsail, along the sea-shore praying to have a new Precinct erected from New Topsail to Batrams Point on the East side of White Oak River and this Board thereon taking into consideration the great hardship and expences the inhabitants within the limits above mention'd are at in going to Carteret Precinct Court His Excellency, by and with the advice and consent of his Majesty's
Council doth make the following bounds into a Precinct Viz. Beginning at Bogue Inlet from Batrams Point on Bogue Sound including or taking it two miles on the North East side of White Oak River for the East and North East bounds and from New Topsail Inlet including all the lands on the Creeks and Branches that run into New River to be the South and West bounds of the Said Precinct is hereby called and distinguished by the name of Onslow Precinct, and that a Commission issue for the same with such privileges as other Precincts have or enjoy, and it is further ordered that the said Precinct shall be and continue according to the above bounds until there shall be a further division of other Precincts and Counties.
Ordered that a Commission of the Peace issue for Onslow Precinct Directed to James Tunis, Edward Marshburn, Joseph Montford, James Murry, James Taylor, Lazarus Thomas, Thomas Johnston, Capt. Francis Brice, Christopher Dudley, Nicholas Hunter, Abraham Mitchell, Rich'd Nickson and John Frederick constituting and appointing them Justices of the Peace for and within the said Precinct, which Court is to sit on the First Tuesday in January, April, July and October yearly.
The Assembly at Edenton July 3, 1733, however, refused to seat the representatives from Onslow and Bladen without further consideration, and on July 7, 1733, named a Committee headed by Captain William Downing to study the case and report its finding to the Assembly. Captain Downing's Committee set up a number of reasons against admission and so reported.
The argument for and against became bitter. Strange to say, the fight against was being led by two of the Governor's own Council, Nathaniel Rice and John Baptista Ashe, who spoke disparagingly of the new Precincts.
Several new Precincts had already been formed by the Governor and Council by which process membership in the Assembly had increased at a rapid rate, thus giving the Governor an overpowering influence in the Assembly, which prided itself as representing the people and protecting them against encroachment upon their rights by royal prerogative.
That a Precinct be erected at New River by the name of Onslow Precinct and that the said Precinct be bounded to the Northward by the White Oak River from the mouth to the head thereof; and to the Southward by a Creek that comes out of the Sound, and comes across New River Road, called the Bay Swamp or Beasleys Creek.
Of the original Justices appointed in 1731, four of the five outstanding leaders on the first Commission were retained on the second Board in 1735. These were Edward Marshburn, Christopher Dudley, Nicholas Hunter and Abram Mitchell. One of the leaders, Thomas Johnston, failed of reappointment. Notable new members appointed were John Starkey and Christopher Heidleburg. Nine members were dropped and eight new ones appointed. Reasons for failure to reappointment were not always political.
The Assembly did not claim to be forming a new Precinct, but to confirm and establish the Precinct of Onslow as it already existed, and it specifically acted to validate the work done before the present action. The Assembly having thus asserted its authority, the Onslow Representatives were then seated.
Other places got their names from physical characteristics such as South West, North East, Great Creek, Scales Creek, Topsail Sound, Blue Creek, Mill Swamp, Gravelly Run, Flat Swamp, Muddy Creek, Stump Sound, Alum Spring, Jumping (Run) River, Dewdrop Branch, Rocky Run, Haws Run, Haw Branch and Horse Neck Swamp.
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