Hi,
open the pcap with wireshark and try analyzing the packets. I think you're correct in assuming the extra bytes are headers and such, but only pcap can tell you. You could, also, analyze the code and check which headers are added.
BTW, mind that the "number of bytes of data to transmit" is L7 data (if you used a normal ns-3 application). You'll have to add the IP and L4 (TCP or UDP) headers.
E.g., 1024 bytes + 20 (IPv4) + 8 (UDP) = 1052. For TCP is 1024 + 20 + 20.
Moreover, mind the WiFi header and trailer... the minimum is 30 bytes for the header and 4 for the trailer.
Cheers,
T.