Yeah... you can't do that in a web browser - it would be insecure to allow your site to access the other URL (
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/nodejs) from their browser - otherwise I could make a website which, every time you visit it, it posts a message, as you, to this group, saying whatever I want! You need explicit permission (in the form of the owner of the other website adding headers, or having (unrelated to CORS) an embeddable/iframe API to send secure messages to your part of the page) to allow your website to talk to it using your visitor's authentication.
You can do something *similar* on the server though - using something like the "request" module, you can have your server go and access the other URL (though, it would be authenticating as your server, not as which user is currently viewing your site, as there's no way for your site to get the private cookies for another website), and then pipe that data back to your clients as if it came from your site. But if you want to get a user's personalized version of another 3rd party site, it's just not possible due to good security reasons.