V8 debugger protocol is not HTTP where a request is immediately responded. It works asynchronously instead - you send some messages to V8, V8 send some other messages back, there are usual more messages from V8 than the requests sent.
Now why are you not seeing the response you are expecting? The first thing V8 does upon accepting a new connection is to send back a "connect" message with no payload, which is what curl is showing. Response to your request would be the second message coming from V8, if there was such a thing as two responses for a single request in HTTP.
Miroslav