Download Opnet Modeler 16.1
Sumiko Fagnoni
My problem here is I couldn't find the environment variable configuration for Opnet modeler 14.5 for visual studio 2015 on my windows 10. I already tried the environment variable settings for visual studio 2010 with some necessary changing such as location. But it is not working.
According to this page splash visual studio 2015 has not supported yet. but you can try this for Visual studio 2015 But here it is what I have done to fix the problem:as mentioned in the question there are many variables and you need to adapt them with Microsoft VS 2015 it's quiet easy:Open Microsoft VS command prompt under start and find it for native purpose.then any variable that you can update any variable that you mentioned in the question by typing set variable for example set include will generate the values for include variable adapted to VS 2015. then you change the environment variable and values you might just need to change include and path. then open cmd if you have fixed the problem cl command should work.
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In a smart meter network, thousands of data packets may cause network congestion that may add a significant latency in data transmission. At the same time, security is a major concern as smart meter networks are vulnerable to an external attack. Different kinds of firewall systems are currently integrated as a part of data security in the communication network. Basically, these firewalls check the authenticity of all the incoming and outgoing data which could add some delay in transmission and also add some additional bits into the data as checksum bits which increases the length of the total data. Therefore, few key potential risks such as bandwidth, latency and delay in smart meter networks need to be properly managed for efficient integration of smart meters into power distribution system. High delays in the network due to propagation delays may cause parts of the power distribution system to be virtually invisible and uncontrollable. Due to increasing demands for data by various utilities, research efforts have begun to make power system communication infrastructure more efficient, reliable and secure [9,10].
The analysis of smart meter network is vital to ensure that the network perform reliably. In this paper, several models of smart meter network have been developed using OPNET, simulation software to analyze the propagation delay of the different models to select suitable bandwidth of the network.
Smart meters refer to devices in which information flows in both directions. These devices open up a wide range of opportunities for utilities through up-to-date information. The new information and communication technologies (ICT) are used to change the conventional meters into smart meters for energy saving and energy security purposes [11]. The functionalities of smart metering technologies are brought together in distinct packages in this smart metering system. The significant changes in distribution system for smart meter monitoring program, and impact of smart meters in distribution systems are discussed in the following few sub-sections.
Adopting smart meters in distribution companies improve monitoring, and control of the system. The basic elements of a smart meter monitoring program are shown in Figure 1. It includes smart meters, a means of communication, and a power quality data warehouse. The means of communication could include fixed twisted pair cable, telephone lines, mobile phones, power line carrier, radio, fiber optic, or a combination of these [12].
The meters are capable of recording the parameters namely, voltage, current, power factor as well as others data and data warehouse are also an effective and secure means of storing data from all meters in the monitoring period. The quantity of data stored will be dependent upon the transmitted data [12]. Data are sent from the smart meter to the Power Quality Data Warehouse. A more sensible and realistic option is for each smart meter to report by exception in real time or using power quality indices for each site. However, the adoption of smart meters faces several challenges in smart distribution systems as described in the following sub-section.
Communication network challenges: Smart meters offer better interface technologies. As smart meters enable bi-directional communication between the customer and the utility, these devices provide access to more information than traditional meters. To facilitate robust communication between smart meter devices and a centralized control system, a high bandwidth communication channel is required to move digital data throughout the network efficiently and effectively.
Standard communication protocol: Lack of standardization of smart metering technology means that large numbers of smart meter of different types have been deployed for collecting and dispatching data and instructions, transforming the data and storing data under different communication protocols [13]. The common communication
In the digital age, literally thousands of digital data are available in a single Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) and communication bandwidth should not be a limiting factor in smart meter network [14]. A broadband communications network is necessity to enable comprehensive system-wide monitoring and coordination to facilitate applications such as demand response and power quality monitoring. The present SCADA systems do not sense or control nearly enough of the components of the modern distribution system and therefore, reliable, upto-date information embedded power system, smart grid with smart meter in every consumers and server to store information in control centre is required [14].
The communications infrastructure facilitating timely and secure information flow is required for smart meter network. Over the past 35 years, there has been a substantial increase of communication speeds from 300 bps (bits per second) to digital relays that today operate at 100 Mbps [15]. Smart meter networks require a far greater degree of visibility and control devices as data collection and real time analysis become a more fundamental part of future distribution systems. Moreover, distribution systems are enhanced by large-scale application of smart meters [16,17]. At present, smart meter network allows easy broadcast of network applications from the system control centre to the many connected smart meters but only slow communications back from the connected devices to the central controller [18]. An inspection of the Victorian Automated Metering Infrastructure (AMI) functionality specification [19] shows a system that reveals a change in capability relative to the pre-existing meter infrastructure. This functionality of AMI is designed to deliver specific outcomes. Some more advanced smart grid concepts will lay beyond the capabilities of the AMI with a reasonable level of sophistication. Key restrictions are the asymmetric bandwidth of the communications channel and latency. Load control is one of the faster AMI commands. The Victorian functional specification [18,19] requires 99% of meters to respond in one minute to group commands but for individual meter commands only 90% need respond in 30 minutes. Only 2% of meters may be switched individually within a 24 hour period. Distributed generation, storage and load control would be unable to operate within the limitations of the AMI. Any communications to individual devices are potentially subject to very long delays. The management of the identified AMI functions will require the use of highly capable communications network that can provide guaranteed levels of performance with regard to bandwidth and latency. Figure 2 provides the extension of a communications and control infrastructure that currently include the existing distribution system [20]. The extension of communications coverage to the distribution system can support a variety of distribution automation functions.
Each Australian distributor faces challenge in developing a sound communications solution that will support their smart meter network aspirations. Many distributors have current programs in place to increase the level of automation and monitoring of distribution assets for reliability improvement purposes. The recently announced Australian national broadband network will provide speed in the 100 Mb/s range. It may present a possible communications solution [18].
Integration of smart meters in distribution systems requires high communication system for energy-efficient, secured and robust distribution. For this, bandwidth is a critical factor for effective operations of smart meter network in distribution system. Nonetheless, there is little research on bandwidth requirements and the propagation
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