Probabilistic Logics and the Synthesis of Reliable Organisms from Unreliable Components

[Carl]

You may be able to read the J. von Neumann article (as banged out on a
physical typewriter!) at..

http://books.google.com/books?id=oL57iECEeEwC&pg=PA43&dq=probabilistic+logics+synthesis+organisms+neumann&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=0_0&sig=RhGDT75HYMuHDCdLQYq0HEPe0yk

I would say that, at the inception of what turned out to be digital
computing, this fundamental paper transcends the analog/digital divide.