You can lookup up the value for any edge directly in the dictionary.
e.g.
In [1]: import networkx as nx
In [2]: G=nx.path_graph(4)
In [3]: e=nx.edge_betweenness_centrality(G,normalized=True)
In [4]: e
Out[4]: {(0, 1): 3.0, (1, 2): 4.0, (2, 3): 3.0}
In [5]: e[(0,1)]
Out[5]: 3.0
The edges are oriented arbitrarily so e.g. in this case (0,1)appears
in the dictionary but (1,0) doesn't. You'll have to check both
orientations to get the value for a particular edge. You can do that
with (slightly cryptic)
In [6]: e.get((1,0),e.get((0,1)))
Out[6]: 3.0
Aric