Solar System Planets Names Distance Profile Nature in the Universe :-

[Ram|SOAIS Bangalore]

Solar System Planets Names Distance Profile Nature in the Universe :-

Solar System is with the Nine Planets including new planet pluto.
Providing All the Planets

Profiles along with their name i.e., Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars,
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,

Neptune and New one is Pluto.

How Many Planets are in the Solar System?
Total Nine (9) Planets are there and the New One (1) Planet Pluto.

The Nine Planets + One Planet = The Ten Planets
1. Sun (in Hindi : Suraj - सूरज, In Telugu : Suryudu - సూర్యుడు )
2. Mercury (in Hindi : Budh Grah - बुध ग्रह, In Telugu : budha Graham - బుధ)
3. Venus (in Hindi : Shukr - शुक्र, In Telugu : Shuka-శుక్ర )
4. Earth (in Hindi : Prithvi - पृथ्वी, In Telugu : Bhoomi-భూమి)
5. Mars (in Hindi : Mangal - मंगल, In Telugu : Mangala - మంగళ)
6. Jupiter (in Hindi : Brihaspati - बृहस्पति , In Telugu : Guru - గురు)
7. Saturn (in Hindi : Shani - शनि, In Telugu : Shani - శని)
8. Uranus (in Hindi : Arun - अरुण, In Telugu : Aruna- అరుణ)
9. Neptune (in Hindi : Varun - वरुण, In Telugu : Varuna- వరుణ)
10. Pluto (not considered a planet now) (in Hindi : Yam - यम, In
Telugu : Yama- యమ)


Solar System-Nine Planets



What Is A Planet?
Planets are among the many worlds and smaller objects that orbit the
Sun. The formal definition

of planet, as voted on by the International Astronomical Union in
2006, is as follows:

A planet is a celestial body that
(a) is in orbit around the Sun,
(b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body
forces so that it assumes a

hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape, and
(c) has cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit.

Under this definition, Pluto is NOT a planet, but has been deemed a
dwarf planet because it has

not yet cleared its orbit. This definition is under discussion,
particularly by members of the

planetary science community, and it may yet be further refined.

1. The Sun :

Our Sun is a normal main-sequence G2 star, one of more than 100
billion stars in our galaxy. The

Sun is by far the largest object in the solar system. It contains more
than 99.8% of the total

mass of the Solar System (Jupiter contains most of the rest).


It is often said that the Sun is an "ordinary" star. That's true in
the sense that there are

many others similar to it. But there are many more smaller stars than
larger ones; the Sun is in

the top 10% by mass. The median size of stars in our galaxy is
probably less than half the mass

of the Sun.


The Sun is personified in many mythologies: the Greeks called it
Helios and the Romans called

it Sol.


The Sun is, at present, about 70% hydrogen and 28% helium by mass
everything else ("metals")

amounts to less than 2%. This changes slowly over time as the Sun
converts hydrogen to helium in

its core.


The outer layers of the Sun exhibit differential rotation: at the
equator the surface rotates

once every 25.4 days; near the poles it's as much as 36 days. This odd
behavior is due to the

fact that the Sun is not a solid body like the Earth. Similar effects
are seen in the gas

planets. The differential rotation extends considerably down into the
interior of the Sun but

the core of the Sun rotates as a solid body.


Sun Profile :
Equatorial Inclination to Orbit :
7.25 with respect to the ecliptic

Mean Radius :
Metric: 695,508 km
English: 432,168.6 miles
Scientific Notation: 6.9551 x 105 km
By Comparison: 109.2 x that of Earth

Equatorial Circumference :
Metric: 4,370,005.6 km
English: 2,715,395.6 miles
Scientific Notation: 4.37001 x 106 km
By Comparison: 109.2 x that of Earth

Volume
Metric: 1,409,272,569,059,860,000 km3
English: 338,102,469,632,763,000 mi3
Scientific Notation: 1.40927 x 1018 km3
By Comparison: 1,301,018.805 Earths

Mass
Metric: 1,989,100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg
English: 4,385,214,857,119,400,000,000,000,000,000 lbs
Scientific Notation: 1.989 x 1030 kg
By Comparison: 333,060.402 x Earth's

Density
Metric: 1.409 g/cm3
By Comparison: 0.256 that of Earth

Surface Area
Metric: 6,078,747,774,547 km2
English: 2,347,017,636,988 square miles
Scientific Notation: 6.07877 x 1012 km2
By Comparison: 11,917.607 Earths

Surface Gravity
Metric: 274.0 m/s2
English: 899.0 ft/s2
Scientific Notation: 2.740 x 102 m/s2
By Comparison: 27.96 x Earth's surface gravity

Escape Velocity
Metric: 2,223,720 km/h
English: 1,381,756 mph
Scientific Notation: 6.177 x 105 m/s
By Comparison: 55.20 x Earth

Sidereal Rotation Period (Length of Day)
25.38 Earth days
609.12 hours
By Comparison: Rotation slows to about 35 days at the poles.

Minimum/Maximum Surface Temperature
Metric: 5,500 °C
English: 10,000 °F

Effective Temperature
Metric: 5504 °C
English: 9939 °F
Scientific Notation: 5777 K

Additional Information:
Spectral Type: G2 V Luminosity: 3.83 x 10 33 ergs/sec.
Age: 4.6 Billion Years
Composition: 92.1% Hydrogen, 7.8% Helium
Synodic Period: 27.2753 days
Rotation Period at Equator: 26.8 days
Rotation Period at Poles: 36 days
Velocity Relative to Near Stars: 19.7 km/s
Mean Distance to Earth: 149.60 million km (92.96 million mi) (1
astronomical unit)
Solar Constant (Total Solar Irradiance): 1.365 - 1.369 kW/m2

(at the mean distance of the earth from the Sun, about one AU)

****


2. Mercury Planet :
Mercury is the closest planet to the sun. In Roman mythology Mercury
is the god of commerce,

travel and thievery, the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Hermes,
the messenger of the Gods.

The planet probably received this name because it moves so quickly
across the sky. As such, it

circles the sun faster than all the other planets, which is why Romans
named it after the

swift-footed messenger god Mercury.


Mercury Planet Profile -
Mass: 330,104,000,000,000 billion kg (0.055 x Earth)
Equatorial Diameter: 4,879
Polar Diameter: 4,879
Equatorial Circumference: 15,329 km
Known Satellites: none
Notable Satellites: none
Orbit Distance: 57,909,227 km (0.39 AU)
Orbit Period: 87.97 Earth days
Surface Temperature: -173 to 427°C
First Record: 14th century BC
Recorded By: Assyrian astronomers
****


3. Venus Planet :
Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the sixth largest. Venus
(Greek: Aphrodite;

Babylonian: Ishtar) is the goddess of love and beauty. The planet is
so named probably because

it is the brightest of the planets known to the ancients. (With a few
exceptions, the surface

features on Venus are named for female figures.) Venus' orbit is the
most nearly circular of

that of any planet, with an eccentricity of less than 1%. Until the
1960s, Venus was often

considered a "twin sister" to the Earth because Venus is the nearest
planet to us, and because

superficially the two planets seem to share many characteristics
(image source).


In astronomy mythology, Venus was the Roman goddess of love and
beauty. In Greek, her name was

Aphrodite.


Venus is the second planet from the Sun and is located between Mercury
and the Earth. The planet

has been known to exist since ancient times. Aside from the Sun and
the Moon, it is the

brightest object in the sky. Although the ancients knew about Venus,
some of the cultures

thought it was two separate celestial objects – the evening star and
the morning star. A Greek

astronomer was the first one to realize that the evening star and the
morning star were actually

one object. Many cultures have attributed the planet with their
respective goddess of love and

beauty. Venus is the Roman name for that goddess. The Babylonians
named the planet Ishtar, and

the Greeks called it Aphrodite.


Venus Planet Profile :
Mass: 4,867,320,000,000,000 billion kg (0.815 x Earth)
Equatorial Diameter: 12,104 km
Polar Diameter: 12,104 km
Equatorial Circumference: 38,025 km
Known Satellites: none
Notable Satellites: none
Orbit Distance: 108,209,475 km (0.73 AU)
Orbit Period: 224.70 Earth days
Surface Temperature: 462 °C
First Record: 17th century BC
Recorded By: Babylonian astronomers
****


4. Earth Planet :
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest. Earth is
the only planet whose

English name does not derive from Greek/Roman mythology. The name
derives from Old English and

Germanic. There are, of course, hundreds of other names for the planet
in other languages. In

Roman Mythology, the goddess of the Earth was Tellus - the fertile
soil (Greek: Gaia, terra

mater - Mother Earth).


Earth Planet Profile :
Mass: 5.98 x 1024
Diameter (km): 12756
Mean density (kg/m3): 5520
Escape velocity (m/s): 11200
Average distance from Sun: 1 AU (149,597,890 km)
Rotation period (length of day in Earth days): 1 (23.93 hours)
Revolution period (length of year in Earth years): 1
Obliquity (tilt of axis degrees): 23.4
Orbit inclination (degrees): 0
Orbit eccentricity (deviation from circular): 0.017
Mean temperature (K): 281
Visual geometric albedo (reflectivity): 0.39
Atmospheric components: 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% argon
Surface materials: basaltic and granitic rock and altered materials
****


5. Mars Planet :
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the seventh largest. Mars
(Greek: Ares) is the god of

War. The planet probably got this name due to its red color; Mars is
sometimes referred to as

the Red Planet. (An interesting side note: the Roman god Mars was a
god of agriculture before

becoming associated with the Greek Ares; those in favor of colonizing
and terraforming Mars may

prefer this symbolism.) The name of the month March derives from Mars.


Mars is a cold desert world. It is half the diameter of Earth and has
the same amount of dry

land. Like Earth, Mars has seasons, polar ice caps, volcanoes, canyons
and weather, but its

atmosphere is too thin for liquid water to exist for long on the
surface. There are signs of

ancient floods on Mars, but evidence for water now exists mainly in
icy soil and thin clouds.


Mars Planet Profile :
Mass: 641,693,000,000,000 billion kg (0.107 x Earth)
Equatorial Diameter: 6,805
Polar Diameter: 6,755
Equatorial Circumference: 21,297 km
Known Satellites: 2
Notable Satellites: Phobos & Deimos
Orbit Distance: 227,943,824 km (1.38 AU)
Orbit Period: 686.98 Earth days (1.88 Earth years)
Surface Temperature: -87 to -5 °C
First Record: 2nd millenium BC
Recorded By: Egyptian astronomers
****


6. Jupiter Planet :
Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and by far the largest.
Jupiter (a.k.a. Jove; Greek

Zeus) was the King of the Gods, the ruler of Olympus and the patron of
the Roman state. Zeus was

the son of Cronus (Saturn). Jupiter is more than twice as massive as
all the other planets

combined (the mass of Jupiter is 318 times that of Earth). The most
massive planet in our solar

system -- with dozens of moons and an enormous magnetic field --
Jupiter forms a kind of

miniature solar system. It resembles a star in composition, but did
not grow big enough to

ignite. The planet's swirling cloud stripes are punctuated by massive
storms such as the Great

Red Spot, which has raged for hundreds of years.


Jupiter Planet Profile :
Mass: 1,898,130,000,000,000,000 billion kg (317.83 x Earth)
Equatorial Diameter: 142,984 km
Polar Diameter: 133,709 km
Equatorial Circumference: 439,264 km
Known Satellites: 67
Notable Satellites: Io, Europa, Ganymede, & Callisto
Orbit Distance: 778,340,821 km (5.20 AU)
Orbit Period: 4,332.82 Earth days (11.86 Earth years)
Surface Temperature: -108°C
First Record: 7th or 8th century BC
Recorded By: Babylonian astronomers
****


7. Saturn Planet :
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest. In
Roman mythology, Saturn is

the god of agriculture. The associated Greek god, Cronus, was the son
of Uranus and Gaia and the

father of Zeus (Jupiter). Saturn is the root of the English word "Saturday".


Saturn Planet Profile :
Mass: 568,319,000,000,000,000 billion kg (95.16 x Earth)
Equatorial Diameter: 120,536 km
Polar Diameter: 108,728 km
Equatorial Circumference: 365,882 km
Known Satellites: 62
Notable Satellites: Titan, Rhea & Enceladus
Orbit Distance: 1,426,666,422 km (9.58 AU)
Orbit Period: 10,755.70 Earth days (29.45 Earth years)
Surface Temperature: -139 °C
First Record: 8th century BC
Recorded By: Assyrians
*****


8. Uranus Planet :
Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun and the third largest (by
diameter). Uranus is the

ancient Greek deity of the Heavens, the earliest supreme god. Uranus
was the son and mate of

Gaia the father of Cronus (Saturn) and of the Cyclopes and Titans
(predecessors of the Olympian

gods).Uranus is larger in diameter but smaller in mass than Neptune.
Uranus is the ancient Greek

deity of the Heavens, the earliest supreme god. Uranus was the son and
mate of Gaia the father

of Cronus (Saturn) and of the Cyclopes and Titans (predecessors of the
Olympian gods).


Saturn Planet Profile :
Mass: 86,810,300,000,000,000 billion kg (14.536 x Earth)
Equatorial Diameter: 51,118 km
Polar Diameter: 49,946 km
Equatorial Circumference: 159,354 km
Known Satellites: 27
Notable Satellites: Oberon, Titania, Miranda, Ariel & Umbriel
Orbit Distance: 2,870,658,186 km (19.22 AU)
Orbit Period: 30,687.15 Earth days (84.02 Earth years)
Surface Temperature: -197 °C
Discover Date: March 13th 1781
Discovered By: William Herschel
*****


9. Neptune Planet :
Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun and the fourth largest (by
diameter). In Roman

mythology Neptune (Greek: Poseidon) was the god of the Sea. Neptune is
smaller in diameter but

larger in mass than Uranus. Dark, cold and whipped by supersonic
winds, Neptune is the last of

the hydrogen and helium gas giants in our solar system. More than 30
times as far from the sun

as Earth, the planet takes almost 165 Earth years to orbit our sun. In
2011 Neptune completed

its first orbit since its discovery in 1846.


Neptune Planet Profile :
Mass: 102,410,000,000,000,000 billion kg (17.15x Earth)
Equatorial Diameter: 49,528 km
Polar Diameter: 48,682 km
Equatorial Circumference: 155,600 km
Known Satellites: 14
Notable Satellites: Tritan
Orbit Distance: 4,498,396,441 km (30.10 AU)
Orbit Period: 60,190.03 Earth days (164.79 Earth years)
Surface Temperature: -201 °C
Discover Date: September 23rd 1846
Discovered By: Urbain Le Verrier & Johann Galle
*****


10. Pluto Planet Profile
Pluto was first discovered in 1930 by Clyde W. Tombaugh at the Lowell
Observatory in Flagstaff

Arizona. Astronomers had long predicted that there would be a ninth
planet in the Solar System,

which they called Planet X. Only 22 at the time, Tombaugh was given
the laborious task of

comparing photographic plates. These were two images of a region of
the sky, taken two weeks

apart. Any moving object, like an asteroid, comet or planet, would
appear to jump from one

photograph to the next.
*****


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