Regards Reinhard Goeth (Techn. Univ. of Darmstadt; Fed. Rep. of Germany)
Locations EAST of the Standard Time Meridian (aka Greenwich or Zulu)
are given as POSITIVE times; those WEST are NEGATIVE. So, EST is -5:00.
What confuses this is the conflicting descriptions. The world-wide
standard is document 4031 from ISO which defines the above rule. However,
and this is very important to you, two countries did not give approval
in 1978 -- Federal Republic of Germany and the United Kingdom. I don't
have any information if they have since approved of this standard.
The confusing part comes from the *naming* of the different time zones.
Those zones east of the ST meridian are named the "Minus Zones" and have
zone letters of A-M (there is no J). Western zones are the "Plus Zones"
and are N-Y. 'Z' is the ST meridian.
The "Minus Zones" and "Plus Zones" are, as far as I can tell, just a
convention. They are not ISO agreements.
Bob