Normally, the C-L command will redisplay only the current window, and
you need to type C-U C-U C-L if there is more than one window on the
screen and you wish to redisplay the entire screen. If the variable
Redisplay Whole Screen is set, though, the default action of C-L is to
redisplay the entire screen, and C-U C-U C-L redisplays only the current
window.
Similarly, the default action of C-X 1 and C-C 1 is to put EMACS into
one window mode, with the first window filling the entire screen. C-U
C-X 1 causes the last window to fill the entire screen, and C-U C-U C-X
1 causes the current window to fill the entire screen. If the variable
Current One Window is set, plain C-X 1 causes the current window to fill
the screen, C-U C-X 1 causes the first window to fill the screen, and
C-U C-U C-X 1 causes the last window to fill the screen.