Neku Jatra-Mataya: Patan's Festival of Lights
Rahena Wester
Excerpt from http://www.homestaynepal.com/festival.html about Mataya.
Mataya (August)
Celebrated in mid-August, Mataya is another of Patan's extremely popular festivals. It consists of a day-long procession of devotees going around the town to worship and make offerings at every shrine. Carrying lighted tapers and joss sticks in their hands, Mataya participants hurry from one to the next of the hundreds of Buddhist sites scattered all over Patan. They toss rice grains, flowers, and coins at the shrines as they pass by. Some devotees wear elaborate and amusing costumes. Musicians also take part in the parade.
I've found a beautiful article about Mataya:Patan's Festival of Lights written by Ashesh Maharjan ju.
Please have a look!
http://www.ecs.com.np/feature_detail.php?f_id=118
Regards,
Rahena
Darsha Ji,
Thanks for you prompt response. Perhaps it is the culture that is only in
Patan. There will be thousands of people walking from one temple (Chiwah
Dya) to another throughout the day some time in the end of August. I don't
have much details but if you ask a Newar from Patan they probably know about
it.
It must be there.
Madhur
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Subject: Re: [NeRaParty:1117] Re: Rant_number 7
Madhur ju
Please specify which one you are talking about I never heard the NEWARI
MATYA among the NEWAH SOCIETY. There is no such thing in NEWAH HISTORY.
-----Original Message-----
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Sent: Fri, Aug 5, 2011 8:12 pm
Subject: RE: [NeRaParty:1111] Re: Rant_number 7
Can anybody write about Newari Matya? I appreciate it.
Madhur K Shrestha
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Subject: [NeRaParty:1111] Re: Rant_number 7
Prakashju,
A very enlightening comment indeed. Hearty thanks for the same.
Maheswor
_____
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Sent: Friday, August 5, 2011 12:58 AM
Subject: Re: Rant_number 7
Dear Amritji,
After reading your email regarding your view on Hindu Religion, I couldn't
stop myself writing back to you to express my dismay on your thought on such
a noble religion of humanity.
First of all, let me correct you saying that Hinduism is not a religion. I
used to think the same way you are thinking today a few years ago. Then I
had an opportunity to attend a world conference in London on Religion, where
all renown religious leaders and scholars had attended. After that I grabbed
a Bhagwat Gita book and studied in its entirety.
An American Hindu priest affiliated to ISCON (International Shreekrishna
Conscious) presented his 30 minutes speech on Hindu Religion (as people call
it). His 30 minute speech made not only the thousands packed conference hall
to a pin drop silence but also made all critics speechless. That is the only
time I also came to know that the so called Hindu Religion is not a
"Religion", it is a philosophy of life, a code of moral conduct that we
practice everyday in our lives irrespective of our religious beliefs.
Trust me Amritji, none of our religious books including Bhagwat Gita
preaches any racial discrimination as you have accused, and none of the
books even have mentioned the word "Hindu Religion". There is no word Race
mentioned as such. The racism you are talking is nothing but malpractice by
some people for the sake of their benefits, which is fading away as people
are becoming more educated and learned.
Racism is a very complex issue of our society today. There are racism
everywhere in different forms. Even the developed countries like in UK and
USA have it. Many even believe that racism and humanity are inseparable,
they go hand in hand. You and I still live in the society that is full of
racism. (please watch in your backyard how people are living) I am sure you
will agree that some people are hated for being black, and some are loved
because they are white, some are loved for being rich and some are hated for
being poor. This is an inconvenient truth. Isn't this a racism?
Therefore, racism is nothing to do with any religion. It is just a culture,
which varies from place to place. As long as it (feelings of racism) resides
in our hearts and minds, we all are part of this not the religion.
This is not intended to hurt your feelings, just trying to express
inconvenient truth that we all have to bear with. But we together certainly
can change this.
Regards,
Prakash
On Thu, Aug 4, 2011 at 12:57 PM, Tilak Shrestha <til...@hotmail.com> wrote:
From: Amrit Ratna Tuladhar <losth...@mail.com.np>
Dear Sir:
I have discovered that Hinduism had always been a terrible religion. Racial
discrimination, caste system and inhuman slavery do exist within the Hindu
society. The followers of Hinduism envy Lumbini a lot. 420 INDIA tests her
Atom Bomb blast on the auspicious day of Maha Buddha Jayanti. Does this
make sense at all ? Is this how a good neighbor ought to behave ? Hundreds
of he-buffalos are also slaughtered in the Terai region every year on the
very day of this Summer Full Moon. Who the hell they think they are
scorning at ? And the governmental authority hasn't been able to control
that so far. A full shame on the Hindu fundamentalists ! No wonder New
Delhi hasn't declared Nepal a "Zone of Peace" today. The rest of the world
has declared Nepal a "Zone of Peace" giving special priority to "Lumbini"
and not Pashutipati Nath, you see. Trivial preference may be shed on
Pashupati Nath which does prove that Hinduism but holds a second position in
Nepal in the name of religion. Believe me only Thervad Buddhism can save
Nepal. The practice of slavery is a mockery to humanity. Lord Shakya-Muni
Buddha said all men were born equal the concept of which the orthodox Hindus
have a big hatred towards. The Hindus are obnoxious by nature. They have
not known what endurance means and when to put to practice so.
In the mean time, I am also utterly puzzled to observe that even renowned
scholars, professors, lectureres and readers are not aware of a male God
from a female Goddess. Some took Lord Manjushree as a female deity. How
hilarious ! Whereas strictly speaking, he is a male God whose full name
goes Guru Maha Manjushree. Thus let us always address him that way to
alleviate any unnecessary confusion in the foreseeable future. His consort
is of course Sarashwati, a female Goddess. Guru Manjushree is our paternal
parent while Guruma Sarashwati our maternal parent. Thus while praying
Father Manjushree and Mother Sarashwati must constantly be borne in mind.
Manju and Anju and what not may sound female in the oriental society,
particularly in Hindusthan. In this case it is Manjushree. How dare the
highly educated individuals forget the suffix of "shree" attached or
supplemented ! Manjushree holding the cosmic sword called Chandrahash and
Sarashwati holding the musical instrument called Bina happen to form the
famous divine couple in all. MANJUSHREE came from China while SARASHWATI
from India. I guess people get slightly crazy when being highly qualified
--- the graduates and the post-graduates and the doctorates. As a matter of
fact, they never know how to decide properly. They ought to think well
before expressing anything.
With best regards and sincere wishes. Long live Nepalese solidarity !
Thank you.
Faithfully yours,
Amrit Ratna Tuladhar <losth...@mail.com.np>
Lifelong Member
Dharmodaya Sabha
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Rahena Wester
You are welcome!I hope it has helped you.
If you need informations about other festivals or other things,then please let me know.May be I can help you.
As soon as I've read your E-mail,I've understood what you've meant .
Being a native of Yala(Patan or Lalitpur)I know much about our festivals including "Mataya".
Regards,
Rahena
Hi Rahena
That's great, thanks
Madhur
Dear Drasha ju,Madhur ju,
Regards,
Rahena
Darsha Ji,
It must be there.
Madhur
Madhur ju
Madhur K Shrestha
Prakashju,
Maheswor
_____
Regards,
Prakash
Faithfully yours,
Amrit Ratna Tuladhar <losth...@mail.com.np>
Lifelong Member
Dharmodaya Sabha
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Narayan Krishna Singh
From: Rahena Wester <rahena...@gmx.de>
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Subject: Re: RE: Neku Jatra-Mataya: Patan's Festival of Lights
Rahena Wester
Madhur ju and all our friends,
A small portion of our festival "Mataya" had been loaded in "you tube" in 14.09.2010 by nvnakarmi ju.
Have a look!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4n1ej9Vm3c
Regards,
Rahena
Dear All,
I am impressed with the topic of philosophy of life and religion. Religion is Encrypted in our brain from a society where we born. It is like learning a language from a community from where we born. A child born in Thailand learns Thai language and a child born in a Newa community will learn Newa language.
Another part I noted is about Newa culture not known to many Newa. Yele (Patan) Mataya festival which is most talked about. Here comes the role of modern technologies like internet, emails and of course the TVs and satellites.
I have a small comment on the article written by Mr Maharjan, that there is no pictures of the Mataya festival. It is only narrative articles. It is said a picture is equivalent to thousand words.
N. K. Singh
Earlier I tried to give a copy of this email to Mr Maharjan, the whole set of email did not go. I need to save the text in word and sending you now without adding any additional email. May be it is stupidity of Yahoo system or I am stupid not knowing how to use it. Hope this will go, let me see.
manish shrestha
Neku Jatra-Mataya: Patan's Festival of Lights:
Your parade-sore feet ache less when you look up to see warm eyes upon you from the windows of the roadside houses; when you look ahead to see the pinnacles of the Durbar Square with the summit of Langtang range in the background; when you see elderly men in the waysides, with their grandchildren in their arms giving them their first lessons of faith; when you turn back and see a line of pretty women in bright matching dresses following you. A little foot weariness is a small price to pay for the joy you get from participating in the holy parade of Neku Jatra-Mataya, the ‘Festival of Lights’.
Very few cities in the world compares with Patan (Lalitpur) in the richness of its cultural heritage—a claim that really makes sense, especially when you are talking about something with the unmatched wonder of Neku Jatra-Mataya. For Patan’s Newari community in a city where festivals function as rites of passage throughout the year, the series of festivals during Gunla (the ninth lunar month) has become a way of life. The highest point of this greatest of all Buddhists months is Mataya (and its twin procession, Neku Jatra, both celebrated as one) which follows the day after Gai Jatra. This day-long journey around the historical city starts at the dawn, on the third day of the dark fortnight of Shrawan (August).
From Neku Jatra-Mataya, neku (in Newari) means a ‘buffalo horn’, jatra is ‘festival’, mata means ‘lights’ and ya (from yatra) refers to a sacred ‘journey’. Neku Jatra is also known as Sringavheri Jatra, which also is associated with the buffalo horn. The name itself says it all, for the most significant feature of this festival is the blowing of buffalo horn in each lane and baha (courtyard) and at every corner along the way. Men and women walk in a line of thousands between these musician groups and do puja at the votive shrines (chaityas) carrying lighted candles and torches.
The preparation for Neku Jatra-Mataya begins on the first day of Gunla, after the celebration of yet another popular Newari festival called Gathamugha. After mid-night on this day a group of some hundred people with nava bajan (traditional Newari musical ensemble) gather and follow the exact path that they are to follow on the day of Mataya. They don’t finish the whole route on a single go, but gather every night for a few nights and mark the shrines and courtyard with vermilion, husked rice and coins as they pass. In doing so, they are preparing the path for people to follow during the great procession so that they won’t get lost in the narrow and confusing lane-mazes. This ritual helps make the final day go smooth and better.
On the big day of Neku Jatra-Mataya, massive number of devotees, sometimes as many as several thousands, gather at the locality that is in charge of the festival for that year. There are ten different localities which take turns to organize the festival by sponsoring instruments, musicians and all the other expenses. This year’s (2008) Mataya was organized by the Bu-Bahal locality. They gather at the lead locality at the dawn and start their yatra with a hint of excitement and uncertainty in their cheerful faces; for they must walk all day long often bare-footed and fasting. It is a great scene to watch people prepare for their procession around the four principal Ashoka stupas (the bigger shrines attributed to the 3rd century BC Indian King Ashoka) spread in and around the four corners of Patan. The group assembles with the neku (horn) players accompanied by a percussion section.
They must all visit all the 1400 private and local votive shrines scattered in the city on their way. Groups of friends participate, dressed alike—Maharjan women in the traditional haku patasii dress; men in traditional daura suruwal and dhaka topi. Some of the men dress up as demons or ghosts (lakhe) or wild animals such as monkeys and lions. The devotees offer rice, grains, vermilion, incense, guru patra (a gift cup for a guru or religious teacher) at the shrines. The offering of oil or butter lamps signify the enlightenment of Sakya Muni Buddha.
Inhabitants of Lalitpur are obliged to participate if they have lost a relative during the preceding year. Those who are particularly going through austerities for the merit of their deceased loved ones wear sacking over their near-naked bodies to protect them as they prostrate themselves before each shrine that they visit. It is believed that this helps their dead ones rest in peace. Despite the seriousness of this parade, connected as it is to death and tragedy, it is carried on with a carnival atmosphere. People gather to observe the fun and give a helping hand to the participants of this holy parade. Since helping the participants earns religious merit for oneself even if one does not join the procession, people gather at intersections to offer assistance to the devotees. Friends and relatives stand by the roadside with rice and coins to replenish their stock. Some guide the traffic while others stand with containers of cold water and first aid. It is an interesting and inspirational sight to see people with spray cans dousing water on the marchers to cool them down, as the going gets a bit too hot.
“I was really excited, though this wasn’t my first time and I knew my legs would hurt,” said Rina Shahi, a local of Thapa-Hiti locality, who shared her experience of Mataya this year with us. “It is, in a way, a strange experience. We had to walk past the houses of many people, and we even walked in through the bedrooms and kitchens of some houses.” When asked about her overall feelings she puts it this way: “It was irksome at times when we had to walk so long and back just to visit a single shrine which was a bit off the track. But it was a fun experience, overall. Guys just couldn’t seem to help but tease and flirt with us girls, which was a bit annoying. I made some new friends on the way, and the people were really helpful. I hope I did well enough for my Maiju (aunt) to rest in heaven.”
There are two famous schools of belief of how this festival originated, one is a local belief and the other is famous among the cultural scholars in town. According to the local belief, this is the festival commemorating the victory of Shakya Muni over the Maras. When the Shakya Muni Gautam was in his deep penance to become Buddha, The Enlightened One, the Maras disguised themselves as demons and damsels in order to corrupt him. The day of Mataya is the day when Shakya Muni overcame his temptations and attained Nirvana.
Who’s better a person than the expert himself to hear the second story of Mataya from? Here is a version of story on origin of Mataya told by a culture expert, Mr Satya Mohan Joshi:
Once upon an ancient time, even before The Buddha, there lived a king and a queen. They were perfect, meant for each other. The only difference between them was in their notion about animals and how they should treat them. The king was a violent man and liked hunting and abusing animals, but the queen was otherwise—compassionate, peaceful and believed in worshiping animals. Their life went on, happily in fact, until they grew old and died. The queen, being a religious person, was re-born as a Brahmin’s priest’s daughter, Sulakshyana; and the king was reborn as Shringaketu, a buffalo in the same Brahmin’s farm. The priest’s daughter, being a holy person, realized that the buffalo was her husband in their past lives. She looked after him and nourished him. Under her care the buffalo got healthy and sizeable. Sulakshyana even refused to marry, as she knew that the love of her life was Shringaketu.
On one unfortunate day Shrin-gaketu fell off a cliff and died. Sulakshayana, all mournful, preserved the remains of her husband’s body in a shrine and worshipped it. From one of his horns she maked the gajur (pinnacle of the shrine) and she used the other horn to water the shrine. One day she made a hole at the sharp end of the horn and tried blowing it. The sound of the horn was so deep and mournful. She kept blowing it with all her heart to reach her dead husband, meaning “Where are you? My Love!” Finally, after a lot of one-sided futile effort, the king answered from the other horn “Here I am! Here I am!”
This is the reason why people blow horns. It is believed that the sound of the horn reaches to the dead. Till to this day two horns are played, so that during Mataya their words are believed to be parallel to those of Sulakshayana and Shringaketu.
Though this festival appears to be nothing more than accruing merit to the deceased, an insightful essay by Mark Johnson shares more of its significances (and of the series of festivals during Gunla), “This time of year,” he writes, “has a purifying effect in the city of space. The Mataya procession and those that precede it are intended to re-establish the sacred city space.”
As monsoon is the lifeblood here in the city of god, and there is a lot of rain, people believe that these festivals help keep them safe from disasters. As an elderly Tamrakar has put it: “At this time there is so much rain it is likely to flood. No one must sleep during this night, otherwise the world will turn over. So the nava bajan players go around keeping people awake.”
This is the time, moreover, when the dark shadows, illness and epidemics fall upon the city. Traditionally, Nepalese took sickness to be caused by ghosts, witches and deities (like the chwasa aajima, the Remains Deity). This array of festivals is believed to have a curing effect also. There is laughter and there is song. But there is also sickness and death. And cure and victory.
Sanyukta Shrestha
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From: Sanyukta Shrestha <sanyukta...@gmail.com>
To: manish shrestha <hsin...@gmail.com>
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Sent: Friday, August 23, 2013 4:02 AM
Subject: Re: [NeRaParty:1252] Re: Neku Jatra-Mataya: Patan's Festival of Lights
Narayan Krishna Singh
To: manish shrestha <hsin...@gmail.com>
Cc: neraparty googlegroups <nera...@googlegroups.com>; Daya Shakya <dra...@aol.com>; seag...@wlink.com.np; ashes...@hotmail.com; then...@googlegroups.com; Thé Newah <then...@gmail.com>; nera...@gmail.com; nesocac...@gmail.com; nesoc...@googlegroups.com; vajrayan_...@yahoo.com; nepa khala <nepa...@yahoo.com>; newa...@googlegroups.com; Suresh Pradhan <tay...@gmail.com>; narayan...@gmail.com; coolj...@yahoo.com; din...@pacific-nepal.com; "Asian Crafts, Nepal" <asian...@mail.com.np>; suresh...@gmail.com; shang...@hotmail.com; Rahena Wester <rahena...@gmx.de>; artha.t...@yahoo.com; mahe...@aol.com; gangaram...@gmail.com; Narayan Krishna Singh <narayankr...@yahoo.com>
Sent: Friday, August 23, 2013 4:02 AM