I think they are these displays:
https://www.tubeclockdb.com/on-ebay/179-babcock-sp-431The camera angle is not great but yea the displays are quite big, with like 2" high digits.
Good point with the socketed ICs. I might try that route first before soldering, but I'll also try to map out some of the input side to see what the actual logic is (if it counts or it's decoding or something).
In the end though if the actual PCB itself is not some valuable vintage thing, I'd rather desolder the it for my own clock as I can get a better form factor. The whole thing is very big, a bit dirty, and is very heavy so it doesn't really make a good display piece as is.