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The outbreak of the 2019-nCoV infection began in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, and rapidly spread to many provinces in China as well as other countries. Here we report the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics, as well as potential biomarkers for predicting disease severity in 2019-nCoV-infected patients in Shenzhen, China. All 12 cases of the 2019-nCoV-infected patients developed pneumonia and half of them developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The most common laboratory abnormalities were hypoalbuminemia, lymphopenia, decreased percentage of lymphocytes (LYM) and neutrophils (NEU), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and decreased CD8 count. The viral load of 2019-nCoV detected from patient respiratory tracts was positively linked to lung disease severity. ALB, LYM, LYM (%), LDH, NEU (%), and CRP were highly correlated to the acute lung injury. Age, viral load, lung injury score, and blood biochemistry indexes, albumin (ALB), CRP, LDH, LYM (%), LYM, and NEU (%), may be predictors of disease severity. Moreover, the Angiotensin II level in the plasma sample from 2019-nCoV infected patients was markedly elevated and linearly associated to viral load and lung injury. Our results suggest a number of potential diagnosis biomarkers and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) drugs for potential repurposing treatment of 2019-nCoV infection.

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It may sound counterintuitive but many social media experts have found that the LinkedIn algorithm favors posts that don't have links in the post. There are ways around this, however. One of the easiest things you can do is add your link in the comment section and indicate in the post text that the link, to whatever you are sharing, can be located in the comments. If you have tons of engagement on your post and you're worried about the link getting buried, you can try this trick:

Go to the comment and click on the three dots in the right upper right hand corner of the comment. Click "copy link to comment" then go back to your post and click "edit post" and paste the link into the post. This will allow your reader to link directly to the comment that includes the link, and LinkedIn won't pick it up as an outside link.

Add hashtags that are relevant to the content in your post, so when people do a search on the topic your post will appear. Don't go overboard on the hashtags though, or it could be viewed as spam. An average of 3-5 tags is best.

Dedicate your post to boosting someone else. At the beginning of 2020, Zoom CEO Eric S. Yuan donated video conferencing tools to K-12 schools. I thought this was brilliant and I wanted to share this with my network. So I tagged him and the company in a post and praised them publicly.

What happened next was unforeseen. My post received over 12,000 views. There were hundreds of reactions, comments, etc. The CEO of Zoom personally wrote me a thank you and friended me on Facebook! Since then many curious people have pinged me and there have been some interesting opportunities that have come my way from that one single post.

On average LinkedIn seems to promote posts more than articles. This means it's easier to get more views on your posts than on articles you write, according to the guidelines above (good content, visuals, headline etc.) Still, there are a few advantages of writing some articles. Articles are searchable on Google and will have their own SEO, plus they remain on your LinkedIn profile so someone who wants to learn more about you can check your articles out.

Give your network a reason to engage with your post by asking for opinions, expertise, or offering them useful content or a good laugh, like in the post below. When someone likes or comments on your post, that post will appear to the people in that person's network, giving those people a chance to engage with your post, and so on. Also, our most recent commenting activity shows up on our profile page. If someone out of your network is viewing the profile of someone in your network, and they decide to check out what type of content that person is engaging with, they could discover your post. So comments matter. The more people that engage with your post the more likely LinkedIn will push your post out to more people.

Respond to every comment to acknowledge the people who have taken the time to engage with your post. Reply to comments in a staggered manner. Just a few times a day so you can spread your responses over several days and keep your post relevant.

The faster your post picks up views and the more engagement that happens in a short time frame, the more likely that LinkedIn will take notice of all that activity and decide to promote your post surfacing it all over the platform.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently the third most common cause of global mortality. Acute exacerbations of COPD frequently necessitate hospital admission to enable more intensive therapy, incurring significant healthcare costs. COPD exacerbations are also associated with accelerated lung function decline and increased risk of mortality. Until recently, bacterial pathogens were believed to be responsible for the majority of disease exacerbations. However, with the advent of culture-independent molecular diagnostic techniques it is now estimated that viruses are detected during half of all COPD exacerbations and are associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Human rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza are the most commonly detected viruses during exacerbation. The role of persistent viral infection (adenovirus) has also been postulated as a potential pathogenic mechanism in COPD. Viral pathogens may play an important role in driving COPD progression by acting as triggers for exacerbation and subsequent lung function decline whilst the role of chronic viral infection remains a plausible hypothesis that requires further evaluation. There are currently no effective antiviral strategies for patients with COPD. Herein, we focus on the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of respiratory viral infection in COPD.

Published in Nature Communications, the study was part-funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre and the US National Institutes of Health (NIH).

About eight percent of our genome is made up of sequences called Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs), which are products of ancient viral infections that occurred hundreds of thousands of years ago. Until recently, it was assumed that these 'fossil viruses' were simply junk DNA, with no important function in the body. However, due to advances in genomics research, scientists have now discovered where in our DNA these fossil viruses are located, enabling us to better understand when they are expressed and what functions they may have.

This new study builds upon these advances and is the first to show that a set of specific HERVs expressed in the human brain contribute to psychiatric disorder susceptibility, marking a step forward in understanding the complex genetic components that contribute to these conditions.

Dr Timothy Powell, co-senior author on the study and Senior Lecturer at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, said: "This study uses a novel and robust approach to assess how genetic susceptibility for psychiatric disorders imparts its effects on the expression of ancient viral sequences present in the modern human genome. Our results suggest that these viral sequences probably play a more important role in the human brain than originally thought, with specific HERV expression profiles being associated with an increased susceptibility for some psychiatric disorders."

The study analysed data from large genetic studies involving tens of thousands of people, both with and without mental health conditions, as well as information from autopsy brain samples from 800 individuals, to explore how DNA variations linked to psychiatric disorders affect the expression of HERVs.

Although most genetic risk variants linked to psychiatric diagnoses impacted genes with well-known biological functions, the researchers found that some genetic risk variants preferentially affected the expression of HERVs. The researchers reported five robust HERV expression signatures associated with psychiatric disorders, including two HERVs that are associated with risk for schizophrenia, one associated with risk for both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, and one associated with risk for depression.

Dr Rodrigo Duarte, first author and Research Fellow at the IoPPN, King's College London, said: "We know that psychiatric disorders have a substantial genetic component, with many parts of the genome incrementally contributing to susceptibility. In our study, we were able to investigate parts of the genome corresponding to HERVs, which led to the identification of five sequences that are relevant to psychiatric disorders. Whilst it is not clear yet how these HERVs affect brain cells to confer this increase in risk, our findings suggest that their expression regulation is important for brain function."

Dr Douglas Nixon, co-senior author on the study and and researcher at the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research at Northwell Health, in the US, said: "Further research is needed to understand the exact function of most HERVs, including those identified in our study. We think that a better understanding of these ancient viruses, and the known genes implicated in psychiatric disorders, have the potential to revolutionise mental health research and lead to novel ways to treat or diagnose these conditions."

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