A channel is somehow similar to a subject in NATS, that is, it is the "subject" the publishers are publishing to and subscribers consume from.
Also, a message published by a core NATS publisher on "foo" would not be stored in a STAN channel called "foo", and therefore not received by a STAN subscriber on "foo".
As you know, since NATS Streaming is deprecated, I am not sure if it is the right thing for you to invest in this technology. If you start a new project and are new to NATS in general, you should focus your efforts in JetStream.