3rd November, 2022
Dear Friends, The Himachal
Pradesh Election Watch and Association
for Democratic Reforms (ADR) have analysed the self-sworn affidavits of all 412 candidates who are contesting in the Himachal Pradesh Assembly Elections 2022. Out of 412 candidates analysed, 201 are from National
parties, 67 are from State parties, 45 are from registered unrecognized parties
and 99 candidates are contesting independently.
Note:
We have not
analysed the ITR details of Mukesh Agnihotri (INC), who is
contesting election from Haroli constituency
as his ITR annexures pages were not available with affidavit on the ECI and CEO
websites.
Summary and Highlights
Criminal Background
- Candidates with Criminal
Cases: Out of 412 candidates analyzed, 94 (23%) candidates have declared criminal cases against
themselves. In 2017 Himachal Pradesh Assembly Elections, out of 338 candidates
analysed, 61(18%) had declared criminal cases against themselves.
- Candidates with
Serious Criminal Cases: 50(12%) have
declared serious criminal cases against themselves. In 2017 Himachal Pradesh
Assembly Elections, 31(9%) candidates had declared serious criminal cases against themselves.
Figure:
Comparative analysis of Candidates with declared Criminal Cases: 2017 vs 2022
- Party wise
Candidates with Criminal Cases: Among the major parties, 7(64%) out of 11
candidates analysed from CPI(M), 36(53%) out of 68 candidates analysed
from INC, 12 (18%) out of 68
candidates analysed from BJP, 12 (18%) out of 67 candidates analysed from AAP and 2 (4%) out of 53
candidates analysed from BSP have declared criminal cases
against themselves in their affidavits.
Figure: Party Wise Percentage
of Candidates with Criminal Cases
- Party wise
Candidates with Serious Criminal Cases: Among the major
parties, 5(46%) out of 11 candidates analysed from CPI(M),
17(25%) out of 68 candidates analysed
from INC, 6 (9%) out of 68
candidates analysed from BJP, 6 (9%) out of 67 candidates analysed from AAP and 1 (2%) out of 53
candidates analysed from BSP have declared serious criminal
cases against themselves in their affidavits.
- Candidates with
declared cases related to crime against women: 5 candidates have
declared cases related to crime against women.
- Candidates with
declared cases related to murder: 2 candidates have declared cases related to murder (IPC Section-302)
against themselves.
- Candidates with
declared cases related to attempt to murder: 3 candidates have declared cases
related to Attempt to murder (IPC Section-307) against themselves.
- Red Alert Constituencies*: 9(13%)
out of 68 constituencies are Red alert constituencies. Red alert
constituencies are those where 3 or more contesting candidates have declared
criminal cases against themselves.
- The directions of the Supreme
Court have had no effect on the
political parties in selection of candidates in the Himachal Pradesh Assembly Elections 2022 as they have again
followed their old practice of giving
tickets to around 23% candidates with criminal cases. All major parties
contesting in Himachal Pradesh elections have given tickets to 18 % to 64 % candidates who have declared criminal cases against
themselves. The Supreme Court in its directions dated 13th February, 2020 had specifically instructed political parties
to give reasons for such selection and
why other individuals without criminal antecedents
could not be selected as candidates. As per these mandatory guidelines, the
reasons for such selection has to be with reference to qualifications, achievements and merit of the candidate concerned. During
the recent 10 State Assembly elections held in 2021-22, it was observed
that political parties gave unfounded
and baseless reasons like popularity of the person, does good social work,
cases are politically motivated etc. These are not sound and cogent reasons for fielding candidates with tainted
backgrounds. This data clearly shows that political
parties have no interest in reforming the electoral system and our
democracy will continue to suffer at the hands of lawbreakers who become
lawmakers.
Figure: Share of Wealth
among the Contesting Candidates
- Share of wealth
among candidates: The share of wealth amongst the candidates
contesting in the Himachal Pradesh assembly elections 2022 is as follows:
Value of assets (Rs.)
|
Number of candidates
|
Percentage of Candidates
|
5 crores and above
|
86
|
21%
|
2 crores to 5 crores
|
76
|
18%
|
50 lakhs to 2 crores
|
121
|
29%
|
10 lakhs to 50 lakhs
|
77
|
19%
|
less than 10 lakhs
|
52
|
13%
|
Table: Share of wealth
amongst contesting candidates
- Crorepati
Candidates: Out of the 412 candidates, 226(55%) are crorepatis. In 2017 Himachal Pradesh Assembly
Elections, out of 338 candidates, 158 (47%) were crorepatis.
Figure: Comparative Analysis of Crorepati Candidates: 2017 Vs 2022
- Party wise
Crorepati Candidates: The role of money power in our
elections is evident from the fact that all major political parties give
tickets to wealthy candidates. Among the major
parties 61(90%) out of 68 candidates analysed from INC, 56(82%) out of 68 candidates analysed from BJP, 35(52%) out of 67 candidates
analysed from AAP, 4(36%) out of 11
candidates analysed from CPI(M) and 13(25%) out of 53 candidates analysed from BSP have declared assets valued more than Rs 1
crore.
Figure: Party Wise Percentage of Crorepati Candidates
- Average assets: The average of assets per candidate contesting in the Himachal Pradesh Assembly Elections 2022 is Rs 4.65 Crores. In 2017 Himachal Pradesh Assembly Elections, average assets per candidate for 338 candidates was Rs.4.07 crores.
- Party wise
average assets: Among major parties, the average assets per
candidate for 68 INC candidates
analysed is Rs. 11.82 Crores, 68 BJP candidates analysed is Rs 7.30 Crores, 11 CPI(M) candidates
analysed is Rs 4.08 Crores, 67 AAP candidates have average assets of Rs 3.71 Crores and 53 BSP candidates have average assets worth Rs.86.07 Lakhs.
- High asset
candidates: The
details of top 3 candidates with
highest declared assets, contesting in the Himachal Pradesh Assembly Elections
are given below:
S.No.
|
Name
|
District
|
Constituency
|
Party
Name
|
Movable
Assets (Rs)
|
Immovable
Assets (Rs)
|
Total
Assets (Rs)
|
PAN Given
|
1
|
Balbir Singh Verma
|
Shimla
|
Chopal
|
BJP
|
4,65,25,778
|
1,23,80,00,000*
|
1,28,45,25,778
128 Crore+
|
Y
|
2
|
Vikramaditya Singh
|
Shimla
|
Shimla Rural
|
INC
|
11,05,69,447
|
90,33,91,586
|
1,01,39,61,033
101 Crore+
|
Y
|
3
|
R.S. Bali
|
Kangra
|
Nagrota
|
INC
|
14,90,27,042
|
77,46,00,000
|
92,36,27,042
92 Crore+
|
Y
|
Table: Top three candidates with highest declared assets
* on assets value indicates
that the candidate has not provided the total in their affidavits, it has been
calculated on the basis of details provided by them in the same
- Low assets
candidates: The details of three candidates with lowest assets are as follows:
S.No.
|
Name
|
District
|
Constituency
|
Party
Name
|
Movable
Assets (Rs)
|
Immovable
Assets (Rs)
|
Total
Assets (Rs)
|
PAN
Given
|
1
|
Kailash Chand
|
Mandi
|
Sarkaghat
|
Rashtriya
Devbhumi Party
|
3,000*
|
0
|
3,000
3 Thou+
|
Y
|
2
|
Amrita Chaudhry
|
Chamba
|
Bhattiyat
|
Hindu Samaj Party
|
5,500*
|
0
|
5,500
5 Thou+
|
Y
|
3
|
Ashish Kumar
|
Hamirpur
|
Hamirpur
|
IND
|
7,440*
|
0
|
7,440
7 Thou+
|
Y
|
Table: Candidates with declared lowest assets
* on assets value indicates
that the candidate has not provided the total in their affidavits, it has been
calculated on the basis of details provided by them in the same
- Candidates with high liabilities: 294(71%) candidates have declared
liabilities in their affidavits. The
details of top three candidates with highest liabilities are given below:
S.No.
|
Name
|
District
|
Constituency
|
Party Name
|
Total Assets(Rs)
|
Liabilities (Rs)
|
PAN Given
|
1
|
Dharam Pal
|
Solan
|
Nalagarh
|
AAP
|
7,13,04,568
7 Crore+
|
12,54,27,804
12 Crore+
|
Y
|
2
|
Sudarshan Singh Babloo
|
Una
|
Chintpurni (sc)
|
INC
|
2,64,61,800
2 Crore+
|
10,35,96,766
10 Crore+
|
Y
|
3
|
Rakesh Kumar Chopra
|
Bilaspur
|
Ghumarwin
|
AAP
|
21,67,20,892
21 Crore+
|
8,76,01,241
8 Crore+
|
Y
|
Table:
Top three candidates with highest liabilities
- Candidates with high income as declared in
the ITR*: The details of
top 3 candidates with high income declared in ITR are given below:
S.No.
|
Name
|
Party Name
|
Constituency
|
District
|
Total Asset (Rs)
|
Self-Source of
Income
|
Spouse's Source
of Income
|
The financial
year for which the last income tax return has been filed by candidate
|
Total income
shown by candidate in ITR (Self+Spouse+Dependent) (Rs)
|
Self-income
shown by candidate in ITR (Rs)
|
1
|
Rajinder Singh
|
INC
|
Sujanpur
|
Hamirpur
|
31,97,28,503
31 Crore+
|
Business, MLA
Salary income from Rent & Agriculture
|
Rent &
Interest
|
2021-2022
|
9,50,39,210
9 Crore+
|
23,88,210
23 Lacs+
|
2
|
Sanjay Prashar
|
IND
|
Jaswan-Pragpur
|
Kangra
|
36,03,54,528
36 Crore+
|
Business Earnings
from Shipping company namely VR Maritime Ltd
|
Business Earnings
|
2022-2023
|
4,40,67,440
4 Crore+
|
2,26,55,250
2 Crore+
|
3
|
Rajesh Thakur
|
BJP
|
Gagret
|
Una
|
28,01,67,065
28 Crore+
|
Salary Income
Interest & Agriculture Income
|
Business Income.
Interest & Agriculture Income
|
2021-2022
|
3,36,28,180
3 Crore+
|
15,57,050
15 Lacs+
|
Table: Top 3 candidates with highest income as declared in ITR
- Undeclared PAN: A total of 8(2%) candidates have not declared their PAN
details.
Other Background Details
- Education details of candidates: 154(37%) candidates have declared their educational qualifications to be between 5th and 12th standard while 246 (60%) candidates have declared having an educational qualification of graduate or above. 8 (2%) candidates are Diploma holders. 2 candidates have declared themselves to be just literate and 2 candidates are Illiterates.
- Age details of candidates: 91(22%) candidates have declared their age to be between 25 to 40 years while 240 (58%) candidates have declared their age to be between 41 to 60 years. There are 80(19%) candidates who have declared their age to be between 61 to 80 years and 1 candidate has declared his age 82 years.
- Gender details of candidates: 24(6%) female candidates are contesting in the Himachal Pradesh assembly
election 2022. In 2017 Himachal Pradesh Assembly Elections, 19(6%) out of 338
candidates analysed were women.
Recommendations of ADR
- To remedy the existing problem of criminalization is to immediately act
upon the plausible solutions offered by various committees, civil society and
citizens. Supreme Court of India being the ultimate custodian of “Justice
and Rule of Law” should reprimand political parties and politicians for
their complete lack of will, reprehensible predilection and absence of required
laws.
- Permanent disqualification of candidates convicted for heinous crimes
like murder, rape, smuggling, dacoity, kidnapping etc.
- Disqualification of persons from contesting elections to the public
offices against whom charges have been framed for having committed serious
criminal offences punishable by imprisonment of at least 5 years,
and the case is filed at least 6 months prior to the election in question.
- Cancellation of tax exemptions given to the political parties
who field such tainted candidates.
- Bringing political parties under the Right to Information
Act.
- De-register and de-recognise any political party if it knowingly puts up
a candidate with a tainted background.
- Political party should annually file the information on criminal
antecedents of their Office Bearers and make such records available to
the public, including NIL records.
- Disqualification of candidates furnishing false information in the
election affidavit (Form 26).
- Ensure trial of cases in which the politicians are accused to be
concluded in a time bound manner.
- Implementation of SC judgment dated 23rd September,
2013 (i.e provision of NOTA buttons on the EVMs) in its letter
and spirit by ensuring a) if NOTA gets more votes
than any of the candidates, none of the candidates should be declared
elected, and a fresh election should be held; b) in the fresh
election, none of the candidates in the earlier election, in
which NOTA got the highest number of votes, should be allowed to
contest.
- Implementation of the 25th September,
2018 and 13th February, 2020 SC orders
on 'publication of criminal cases against candidates selected by
political parties along with reasons for such selection' in its letter
and spirit by directing the Election Commission of India a) to list
out names of such tainted candidates selected by the political parties along
with such reasons for such selection C8 including diligent publication of
reasons in newspapers, T.V channels, party website etc, b) strict and constant
reminders by ROs to the defaulters, c) list needs to be religiously
prepared and submitted to the Supreme Court after every election, d) uploading
of this list on ECI’s website for public inspection, e) a suitably
heavy financial penalty levied on political parties for making
insufficient disclosures, invalid and common reasons, selection of candidates
based on winnability and f) Officer in-charge of a political party
pertaining to submission of a compliance report should also be held accountable
for such a breach.
- The Election Commission of India and all State
Election Commissions should make it mandatory in all
elections; Parliamentary, Assembly and Local Body elections to carry display
boards outside each and every polling booth showing a summarised version of
candidates’ affidavits. The polling booths should essentially display
details of candidate’s criminal records, assets and liabilities and
education qualification.
- The Election Commission of India under its
‘Systematic Voters’ Education and Electoral Participation’ (SVEEP) as well
as through other national campaigns on voter awareness held before every
election should inform and aware the voters that (i)
taking and giving cash or gifts/freebies for votes is a criminal offense, (ii)
such instances should be brought to the notice of the ECI through its web
application, (iii) inform voters that information on criminal records of
candidates is available on the ECI website, outside polling booths and other
sources that the ECI may use.
- Political parties in India should be required to
announce/publish the list of
candidates contesting elections at least 3 months prior to
elections.
- Role of money and muscle power is evident
from the fact that all major political parties in Himachal Pradesh assembly elections 2022 have fielded 36% to
90% candidates who are crorepatis and 18% to 64% candidates who have
declared criminal cases against themselves. This
close and alarming nexus between money power and muscle power has got so
ingrained in our electoral system that the citizens are left hostage to the current
situation. Money and muscle power hurt the principles
of 'free and fair elections', 'participatory democracy' and 'level
playing field'. The present circumstances therefore
demand an extensive deliberation by the voters so that sanctity of
elections is not ridiculed by tenacious entry of tainted candidates and
candidates with abnormal multiplication of assets.
Contact Details
Himachal
Pradesh Election Watch
Association for Democratic Reforms/National
Election Watch