Dear Andy,
Thanks for your interest in the natverse and neuprintr. This is very strange as your command below is correct, so I think there must be some configuration or setup issue.
For debugging, can you do the following and tell us the output to give some clues.
Best wishes,
Greg.
# Start a clean R session
library(neuprintr)
head(neuprint_search("mPN1", fixed = T))
print(neuprint_login())
neuprintr::check_dataset()
neuprintr:::neuprint_name_field(neuprint_login())
# this should tell us if there are any funny chars in your token
# but if it prints a long string, don't share that
gsub("[A-z0-9.]", "", Sys.getenv("neuprint_token"))
Sys.getenv('neuprint_dataset')
Sys.getenv('neuprint_server')
natverse::natverse_deps()
R.version
Also please make sure there is a blank line at the end of your .Renviron