Ifind calculus to be a really interesting topic to study, and from what I've experienced it simply boils down to applying algebra to more complicated concepts. I understand calculus and can easily formulate proofs for myself as refreshers for things I don't quite remember.
However, when it comes to actually solving calculus problems, I really struggle in terms of accuracy. No matter what problem I approach, I always end up making stupid mistakes or miscalculations. For example, today I was doing a practice problem that involved applying integrals to a distance/velocity problem to find the total distance a particle traveled, given the s(t) function that represents position versus time. It took me three lengthy attempts to solve the problem before I got the correct answer, and EACH attempt paradoxically yielded three different answers (the last being the correct).
So the one solution I read in another post on Stack Exchange -- to take things slowly -- does not help, because when I solve calculus problems like a snail, I (mostly) do things correctly, but at the cost of time. This means that on timed exams, I may get more than half the questions correct, but I won't have enough time to finish the rest.
Others suggest practicing over and over to hone my skills so that I don't trip up and make these mistakes...but that doesn't help either. In fact, I've been practicing what I learned in my AP Calculus AB course for about a year now, and yet I still continue to frequently make miscalculations.
Again, what frustrates me is that I fully comprehend introductory calculus topics; it's not the application of calculus concepts or the use of formulas that gives me trouble, but rather it's maintaining accuracy while working quickly and efficiently.
Does anyone have suggestions on how I can alleviate my problem? I'm about to take a 2nd semester Calculus course in college when the Fall starts and I'm afraid that my grade will suffer if I continue to make these careless mistakes.
Documentation. Write out each step carefully, using consistent and precise notation. Don't skip steps and don't be sloppy. Each step should be understandable and justifiable, as if you were explaining to a reader what you are doing.
Double-checking your computations. This means you should always go back and review your work. It doesn't mean that you just redo the same computations. Rather, you should look at your work critically, as if you are attempting to determine whether what you wrote is in fact correct.
Reasonableness. See if your answer makes sense. If the answer must be positive, is it positive? If it must have a particular unit of measurement, does it? Another aspect to this is to try to see if there is another way to obtain a solution. If so, try an alternative computation and compare the results.
The reality is that accuracy is not a talent, but a skill that is developed through persistence and good habits; it isn't something you can suddenly develop overnight. Accuracy is a result of experience.
Take comfort in the fact that real mathematics is not done under timed conditions like the examinations. When I was an undergraduate, I too found the introductory calculus and linear algebra courses one of the hardest, simply because I could not do computations as fast as other people. But mathematics is ultimately about theorems and proofs, not computation (that's now all doable by computers anyway). I then went into pure mathematics where almost all the higher-level courses involved mostly proofs and little computation.
If the methods are different enough, it's unlikely that you'll repeat the same mistake both ways, so comparing the answers gives you a way to check. And if there's a difference, you can often use what you learned from one method to validate your intermediate results from the other and find out exactly where the mistake is.
Try to find the pattern of your mistakes. You can even write your mistakes down to get a bright image of what your mistakes are. After a while, you will find out on which part you make lots of mistakes. Thus, when you are dealing with problems, you will be wary of not redoing your mistakes.
Read the question carefully, word by word. Sometimes you go a long way to find a suitable answer to a question while the question, in fact, has wanted you to get another aspect of the problem. So, answer what question has asked you, not anything else.
Be doubtful about math questions as if they are your enemies wanting to deceive you. That is to say, when you calculated your answer, check it again, before choosing it as the final answer. Do not trust questions, some of them seem really easy that you can find the answer in second, however, they use tricky methods to deceive you to reach the wrong answer.
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For every student who has ever found the answer to a particular calculus equation elusive or a certain theorem impossible to remember, QuickStudy comes to the rescue! This 3-panel (6-page) comprehensive guide offers clear and concise examples, detailed explanations and colorful graphsall guaranteed to make calculus a breeze! Easy-to-use icons help students go right to the equations and problems they need to learn, and call out helpful tips to use and common pitfalls to avoid.
It is absurd to require calculus of pilots as they will never, not once, use it in their aviation careers. Calculus is incredibly difficult, ridiculous requirements like this are why I strongly recommend against college aviation programs.
Functions returning values, however, seem to not be discussed. Programmers typically deal with their inability to return more than one value from a function by returning some meta-object (lists in R, structures in C++, etc.). It has always struck me as a bit of a kludge, but a useful one.
For your second question, as far as I know, programming languages that implement multiple return values do so by packing multiple results in some kind of data structure (be it a tuple, an array, or even the stack) and then unpacking it later - and that's where the differences lie, as some programming languages make the packing/unpacking part transparent for the programmer (for instance Python uses tuples under the hood) while other languages make the programmer do the job explicitly, for example Java programmers can simulate multiple return values to some extent by packing multiple results in a returned Object array and then extracting and casting the returned result by hand.
A function returns a single value. This is how functions are defined in mathematics. You can return multiple values by packing them into one compound value. But then it is still a single value. I'd call it a vector, because it has components. There are vector functions in mathematics there, so there are also in programming languages. The only difference is the support level from the language itself and does it facilitate it or not.
Computational resources may be wasted if you have to do some of the same work, as in this case. Theoretically, it can be avoided by returning another function that holds all the results inside itself.
Traditional untyped lambda calculus is perfectly capable of expressing this idea. (After all, it is Turing complete.) Whenever you want to return a bunch of values, just return a function that can give the n-th value for any n.
As you can see, a function can return an arbitrary number of return values, but to access these values, a you cannot simply use result()[0], result()[1], or result()[2], but you must use functions that filter out the position you want.
except it doesnt do 2^32 - 1 if statements, it only does 8 and recursively narrows down the specific element you want. Essentially it acts exactly like a multiplexor(except the "single" signal is actually a fixed number of bits(coproducts, choices) needed to uniquely address elements).
Calculus Questions with solutions are given here, along with a brief concept explanation. Calculus is a branch of mathematics that deals with the continuous change in infinitesimals (differential calculus) and the integration of infinitesimals which constitutes a whole (integral calculus). It is a vast field of study; hence in this article, we will look into solving questions based on basic calculus concepts, such as limits, continuity, differentiation of functions, maxima and minima, integrals and application of derivatives and integrals.
Hence, to prove that any function is continuous, we need to show that the function satisfies the above two conditions. If the above conditions are not satisfied, then the function is discontinuous at the given point.
Both of these have the same numerical value of about $100.767$, which tells me that both answers appear to be equivalent - but is it possible to get the CX's more concise answer in Mathematica? I've tried wrapping each of these functions around Mathematica's answer, but none of them have worked:
All of these seem to keep the F1 function in place, sometimes changing the arguments slightly, but still keeping the F1 function there, more or less the same. If it is possible, how could I get the simpler answer in Mathematica? I'm on 11.3.0 for macOS (64-bit), if that helps. Thanks!
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