Pandangan terhadap Sistem Pendidikan Negara

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Ben Lee

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May 14, 2012, 6:49:21 AM5/14/12
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Pandangan terhadap Sistem Pendidikan Negara

Saya seorang pelajar IPTS. Saya telah mengambil SPM beberapa tahun dahulu. Di sini saya cuba memberikan sedikit cadangan yang lebih bersifat spesifik yang saya harap dapat membantu.

1. Mansuhkan Sistem Penggredan

Beberapa tahun dahulu gred A+ diperkenalkan dalam SPM kerana dikatakan bahawa bilangan pelajar cemerlang sudah meningkat. Saya rasa ini bukan sesuatu yang begitu bermakna kerana markah yang diperlukan untuk mendapat gred-gred tersebut dalam SPM tidak didedahkan. Pada pendapat saya, eloknya kalau keputusan SPM dilaporkan dalam markah sebenar dalam peratus yang diperoleh oleh calon. Begitu juga dalam STPM, Matrikulasi, Asasi dan sebagainya. Kita tidak perlulah menukar markah kepada gred mahupun CGPA. Pelaporan keputusan dalam markah sebenar akan kelihatan lebih telus. Masalah penggunaan gred sebenarnya menyukarkan perbandingan antara keputusan berbeza. Contohnya, markah 89% nyata lebih baik daripada 81% namun kedua-dua disebut gred A manakala markah 81% hampir sama dengan markah 79% tetapi 79% mungkin sudah digredkan A-.

2. Wujudkan Satu Sistem Pra-Universiti

Kursus Pra-Universiti merupakan kursus yang diambil sebelum memasuki kursus Sarjana Muda. Kursus Pra-U awam termasuk Tingkatan 6 (STPM), Matrikulasi, dan Asasi. (Oleh sebab sifat kursus diploma berbeza maka tidak dibincangkan di sini. Kursus yang tawarkan oleh IPTS juga tidak dibincangkan.) Perihal wujudnya kursus Pra-U yang berbeza pada pendapat saya bukan sesuatu yang efisien dari segi kos dan pengurusan. Maka eloklah jika kita adakan satu sistem Pra-U. Sistem Pra-U yang dicadangkan ini adalah berdasarkan Tingkatan 6 kerana ia sudah lama wujud dan diketahui secara universal. Sistem ini akan melibatkan peperiksaan awam mirip STPM, namun seperti Matrik dan Asasi kakitangan universiti akan dilibatkan dalam penggubalan soalan dan pemeriksaan kualiti. Kursus ini akan dijalankan sepanjang satu tahun setengah dan harus dimulakan pada bulan Januari dan tamat sekitar bulan Jun tahun seterusnya. Pelajar akan dapat mengambil 4 atau 5 matapelajaran pilihannya. Dalam sistem ini tiada matapelajaran yang wajib diambil, tidak seperti STPM sekarang di mana Pengajian Am wajib diambil. Keputusan percubaan SPM akan digunakan untuk menentukan kelayakan masuk kursus Pra-U. Keputusan Pra-U majoritinya adalah berdasarkan peperiksaan awam dan yang selebihnya berdasarkan projek. Kursus Pra-U ini akan diadakan di sekolah-sekolah menengah, kolej matrikulasi, dan pusat asasi yang sedia ada. Kursus Pra-U ini harus mempunyai pengiktirafan dunia seperti STPM. Seperti yang ditulis di atas markah sebenar dalam peratus akan dilaporkan, bukannya gred.

3. Penambahan Kandungan Sejarah Dunia dalam Matapelajaran Sejarah dan Perubahan
Bentuk Soalan Peperiksaan

Bagi matapelajaran Sejarah yang sedia ada dalam Tingkatan 1-5, kandungan sejarah dunia tidak melebihi sesuku. Dalam dunia globalisasi ini sebaiknya kandungan sejarah dunia ditambah untuk kebaikan pelajar. Mungkin ada yang rasa penambahan kandungan sejarah dunia akan mengurangkan ruang untuk kandungan sejarah Malaysia. Kebimbangan ini tiada asas atas beberapa sebab. Pertamanya, sesetengah kandungan dalam Ting 1-3 telah diulangi dalam Ting 4-5. Pembaziran ruang ini boleh dielakkan. Kedua, sebahagian besar Sejarah Ting 5 adalah berkaitan dengan sistem politik negara. Kandungan ini harus dipindahkan ke dalam matapelajaran Pendidikan Sivik. Dengan ini ruang dapat dikosongkan untuk memuatkan kandungan sejarah dunia.

Sehubung dengan itu saya juga mencadangkan agar bentuk soalan peperiksaan diubah agar soalan lebih bersifat pendapat dan bukan sekadarnya melibatkan pengingatan semula kandungan.

4. Perubahan Sukatan Pelajaran Pendidikan Moral

(Dalam sekolah, pelajar Muslim belajar Pendidikan Islam manakala pelajar bukan Muslim belajar Pendidikan Moral.) Sukatan pelajaran Pendidikan Moral sekolah menengah bertunjangkan 36 nilai moral yang telah ditetapkan. Pelajar dikehendaki menghafal definisi yang ditetapkan bagi setiap nilai ini dan sebahagian besar kertas Pendidikan Moral SPM menglibatkan definisi-definisi ini. Pada pendapat saya penghafalan definisi nilai bukan cara yang berkesan untuk belajar moral. Saya dan rakan-rakan saya boleh mengesahkan bahawa sukatan pelajaran Pendidikan Moral ini tiada kesan terhadap pembangunan moral kami. Malah, kalau matapelajaran Pendidikan Moral dimansuhkan hari esok pun, saya percaya tahap moral pelajar tidak akan terjejas. Saya berpendapat bahawa Pendidikan Moral yang berkesan pada tahap ini melibatkan perbincangan isu moral yang lebih kompleks dan bukannya persoalan yang boleh dijawab dengan jawapan "betul" atau "salah". Saya juga rasa bahawa unsur-unsur falsafah boleh dimasukkan.

5. Mengawal Budaya Peperiksaan

Saya bukan seorang yang anti-peperiksaan. Namun saya tidak bersetuju dengan budaya peperiksaan yang diamalkan oleh banyak pihak. Salah satu contoh yang utama berkenaan kertas soalan tahun-tahun lepas. Selalunya pelajar digalakkan mempraktikkan soalan tahun-tahun lepas. Ini menggalakkan pelajar membiasakan diri dengan bentuk soalan yang sering ditanya. Sepatutnya peperiksaan adalah untuk menguji tahap penguasaan pelajar terhadap kandungan matapelajaran. Namun dengan budaya ini kita tidak lagi tahu sama ada seseorang betul-betul memahami kandungan pelajaran ataupun mereka hanya meguasai teknik menjawab dan bentuk soalan yang sering ditanya. Oleh itu saya harap bahawa kementerian tidak lagi membenarkan koleksi kertas soalan tahun-tahun lepas diterbit oleh penerbit-penerbit. Selain itu kertas-kertas soalan harus dijadikan lebih sukar diramalkan dengan lebih soalan yang kreatif. Di samping itu, setiap kali keputusan SPM diumumkan, surat khabar penuh dengan berita pelajar cemerlang. Memang keputusan yang cemerlang patut dipuji tetapi tak perlulah diuar-uarkan. (Bukanlah saya cemburu atau apa, keputusan saya OK juga. Haha.)

6. Perubahan Sistem Biasiswa

Walaupun sekarang pemberian biasiswa telah berubah, iaitu pemberian Bursary untuk kursus Pra-U, saya rasa bahawa kerajaan tidak perlu berbelanja besar memberikan biasiswa kepada pelajar untuk mengikut kursus Pra-U swasta seperti A-level ataupun IB. Seperti yang disebut dalam isi kedua di atas, kursus Pra-U baru yang dicadangkan bermula pada bulan Januari. Pelajar boleh mengikut kursus baru ini serta merta selepas SPM. Maka sebarang penajaan hanyalah dibuat selepas pelajar tamat pengajian kursus Pra-U baru itu. Saya juga mencadangkan bahawa latar belakang sosioekonomi diambil kira secara lebih serius. Contohnya Bursary sekarang ini deberikan kepada mereka yang mendapat 9A+ atau lebih dalam SPM walaupun mereka mungkin anak jutawan. Pendapatan ibu bapa dan bilangan ahli keluarga boleh digunakan sebagai pengukur. 

Inilah sekadar beberapa cadangan. Saya mengalu-alukan maklum balas yang membina.

Ben Lee

Hussaini Abdul Karim

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May 14, 2012, 7:41:30 AM5/14/12
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Dear Ben Lee,

Yes, Some of your proposals are similar to mine, send them to MOE
direct. Read my report and letters pertaining to the National
Education Dialogue which I attended and written about and more here:
http://hak55.blogspot.com.

Best regards.

Hussaini Abdul Karim

ilham.e...@gmail.com

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May 14, 2012, 7:47:17 AM5/14/12
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Hi everyone, as group manager, I can assure you that all ideas posted here are forwarded to the education review team at the ministry

Sent from my BlackBerry® wireless device via Vodafone-Celcom Mobile.
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Prem

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May 30, 2012, 7:49:21 PM5/30/12
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I agree with Ben Lee on Most points.

Below are some of my own suggestions

1. Premier University -I would like propose we classify some of our
top universities. University Malaya, University Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Universiti Sains Malaysia and University Teknologi Malaysia are some
of our top universities. I would like to suggest , these universities
accept our top students right after SPM. Selected candidates with good
academic as well as leadership qualities will sit for University
placement aptitude test. Those who do well will be selected to undergo
a foundation courses suitable to their abilities. This is the best way
to keep our best brains from 'leaking overseas' . Candidates must be
chosen strictly on merit with no race or quota restrictions.

2. Scholarship overseas : I would like to propose we stop sending our
students overseas to do their degree. Scholarship should only be given
for postgraduate students. Teaching professionals in university should
get priority for scholarships.
A lot of taxpayers money has been wasted on individuals who study
overseas and decided later not to return. Quite a number of
scholarships are offered to students to pursue their studies in
mediocre universities. There will also be less arguments on who
deserves a scholarship.

3. Science periods- As mentioned in an earlier posting by Dr Murtedza,
there should be more science periods for primary schools. At the
moment, my son who is in STD 3 has only 3 science periods a week.There
is too much focus on language. We have English, Bahasa Malaysia and
Bahasa Arab. I really do not see the point of learning too many
languages. Two languages is sufficient. There should also be only one
Bahasa Malaysia paper for UPSR instead of two at this moment.

4. English - There has been so much argument on teaching of science n
maths in English.I do not completely agree that Science n Maths should
be taught in English in all schools. This would deprive basic science
knowledge for those living in the kampungs( assuming some are not
fluent in English). I would like to propose science n maths be taught
in Bahasa Malaysia and English - bilingual- in primary schools . Top
performing secondary schools should be allowed to use English as the
medium while other schools use Bahasa Malaysia as the medium of
instruction. More emphasis should be given on the content rather than
the medium of instruction.

rgds
prem

Chang Daniel

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May 30, 2012, 9:42:11 PM5/30/12
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Dear Prem and Fellow Malaysian,

Agree to a certain extent of what Prem had share and also diadgree on certain point. At the junction of Malaysian economic progress, and a small nation (mid size population) of 28 million, we can anticipate about 2-3 million schooling candidates.

What I agree:-
1. Find a way for the Premier university to tap on the best brain of Malaysian (regardless of their race, religion and social status - rich/poor), the university need performs a combine aptitude test. This is a sure way to protect our price assets - our youth's mind and new capability.
2. Instead of sending degree level overseas, best view as a university exchange program with other international university e.g. Spain, France, Germany, USA, South Korea, China, Taiwan and Thailand, this will develop cross innovation ideas and develop our graduate with global exposure.
3. Scholarship to be offered for Master and PhD candidates, this will help intensify the number of highly qualify academician that are exposed toward global knowledge and technology. In order to fuel enough English experts at school and university level, it's best to establish a foreign teaching institute in Malaysia by inviting the top linguistic experts to teach our teachers to master the skills of language teaching.

Not agree:
1. Segregration between urban school and rural school on teaching Maths and Science in English, I hope not, if this allows to happen we may have wasted the opportunity to prepare our young ones in acquiring advanced scientific knowledge, it will continue to create the divide via English proficiency hence create the Have and Have Not.
2. Our kampung boys and girls deserve all the best that the nation can offer, masters in English did not mean less patriotic, in fact its preparation for them for regional market economic growth. Soon it's not petroleum that most precious to this nation, its our young child today and their future effort is most precious assets.
3. I have viewed the improvement of our education system to go beyond just language skills, we need to investigate the holistic systematic transformation e.g. Assessment, subject taught, shift from teacher to student centric method, integration of creative and innovative thinking right at primary level, exposure towards world history and geography knowledge. Also the introduction of teaching assistant and separate administrative professional in schools.

All the best
Dan

2012/5/31 Prem <pna...@gmail.com>
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Ben Lee

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May 31, 2012, 6:23:36 AM5/31/12
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Dear all,

1. I reckon these Premier Universities will be like our own little Ivy League which can be a good thing. Since these universities will recruit from the top 5-10% of our secondary school students it makes sense to upgrade the curriculum at these universities to be suitably challenging to the students as I believe there is a perception among many that our universities do not present suitable challenges to students. Besides, financial aid would be given to qualified students from poorer families to study at these Premier Universities, not dissimilar to the "need-blind" admission at some top US universities. 

2. I was subject to PPSMI in secondary school. I would agree with PPSMI in secondary schools but in primary schools, it is debatable whether PPSMI is beneficial. At primary school level I believe it is easier to learn in the language one is most familiar with, which in most cases isn't English. Furthermore at this level Maths and Sciences involve less technical terms so the advantage of using English is less compared to at secondary school level. Others also suggested that humanities instead of sciences be taught in English. While I am not sure of its effectiveness I believe it is more effective than PPSMI if we want students to have a better command of English.

Regards

2012/5/31 Chang Daniel <dan...@ecocentus.com>

Hussaini Abdul Karim

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May 31, 2012, 6:33:43 AM5/31/12
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Dear All,

PPSMI is supposed to be used to teach science and mathematics to pupils/students who already have a good grasp of the English language as they would be able to understand terminologies and scientific names better if they are but it is not to be used to improve one’s English and this is a misnomer. Many teachers, parents and language nationalists as well as pupils and students do not agree to the use of PPSMI because of the fact that many pupils/students do not have a good grasp of the English language and this accounted for their poor showing in those subjects in national school’s examinations when PPSMI was made a national policy.
 

Best regards.

Yours sincerely

Hussaini Abdul Karim


TS NG

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May 31, 2012, 9:51:13 AM5/31/12
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Actually if we are to examine std 1 science, there is really very little science. Standard 1, 2 and 3 science is merely learning English in preparation for science. Students who have trouble learning science in English in Std 1,2 and 3 will also have trouble learning English. Please do take a look at std 1 science text book then you will know what I am trying to say.

Murtedza Mohamed

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May 31, 2012, 10:14:43 AM5/31/12
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I guess Mr Ng is referring to KBSR books, not the current KSSR books used by Std 1 and 2 now. Nonetheless he reinforces my point that the contact hours alloted for science T&L is grossly inadequate.

Murtedza Mohamed
+60138107178

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Ben Lee

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Jun 14, 2012, 9:10:10 AM6/14/12
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Dear all,

I have mentioned about amending the Moral Studies syllabus. Here is a
post that I believe is worth reading.
http://malaysiakini.com/letters/200886

Regards.
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