Re: X-FORCE Keygen Moldflow Insight 2017
Bubba Lual
This literature overview shows that some studies have investigated the optimization of the injection molding process for assembled foils. However, an in-depth examination of the prevailing forces during filling is still lacking. By analyzing numerically performed parameter studies, this paper aims to gain insight into how the injection molding settings influence the forces on the components.
Welding of two injection molded parts is a common industry practice, an example of such a solution can be found in automotive instrument panels. Both individual parts will have a certain warpage of their own. It is observed that warpage of both parts welded together, the welded assembly, might be different from the individual warpage of the single parts. Ideally the warpage of the welded assembly might decrease, however also a change in shape, increase in magnitude or instable warpage result might appear. In most cases the dimensional accuracy is important both before and after welding. Therefore SABIC developed a tool which allows optimisation of the warpage of the welded assembly. This allows for a more efficient and early-phase optimisation of single parts and their welded assembly, and gives insight into potential warpage risks. Furthermore, the design of the welding fixtures and welding locations can be fine-tuned to obtain a more optimal result.
Accompanying the era of digitalization into business leads to a new manufacturing concept called "Smart Factory". Smart Factories promise more efficient production processes, manifesting in integrated autonomous asset configuration and data-based decision-support in the operator's daily business. Therefore, mapping the production assets into the virtual world by establishing their interconnection and to enterprise software systems is essential. Although the origin of Smart Factories lies in 2011, it can be identified that integrated Smart Factories are rarely implemented and often comprise one encapsulated, specific use case. One main reason is a lack of standard semantics that serves as a basis for asset communication and providing decision-support. This contribution presents the foundations for enabling an integrated smart factory within the injection molding domain and demonstrates a real use case that presents the benefits of a smart injection molding factory. As a basis, the reference architecture model industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) with respect to the characteristics of an injection molding factory is analyzed. The RAMI 4.0 consists of three dimensions: business layers, life cycle and value stream, and enterprise hierarchy levels, and it allows concrete derivations of technologies, their requirements, and their interactions. Two of these technologies are Digital Twins and Digital Shadows. Digital Twins represents the asset virtually. The Digital Twin provides all relevant properties, ideally in a standardized manner, and pictures its master data (e.g., id, vendor, year of manufacture) as also its transaction data, e.g., current temperature or the number of cycles, into the virtual world. Another core technology is Digital Shadows. The Digital Shadow uses the exact dataset and suitable models for solving a specific task, e.g., calculating an optimal shopfloor configuration, and acts as decision-support for deciders. This contribution gives insights into building Digital Twins and Digital Shadows using the RAMI 4.0 concerning the characteristics of an injection molding factory. Furthermore, it will demonstrate how Digital Twins and Digital Shadows can interact autonomously by introducing semantics and dictionaries. Hence, a draft of a standardized dictionary for the injection molding domain, enriched with metadata that describes the dictionary terms semantically, is provided. This contribution focuses on the shopfloor level, i.e., production planning and control. Thus, a real case in scheduling production orders within an injection molding factory will be applied. Inside this use case, the Digital Shadow retrieves suitable optimization models for providing decision-support under consideration of trade-offs in different optimization objectives and the current condition of the injection molding assets using the corresponding Digital Twin. It can be shown that the Digital Shadow autonomously provide decision-support for production planners so they can initiate an optimal schedule.
In the present paper, we have studied thermal properties and thermo-chemical stability of a medical-grade adhesive comprised of a cationic, cycloaliphatic epoxy resin system by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. Then, we have explored UV curability of the adhesive by performing a series of the UV-cure experiments using special photo-DSC (or p-DSC) technique and investigated relevant relationship of resultant thermal properties and thermo-chemical stability of such UV-cured adhesive materials with the underlying UV irradiances during UV curing. Thereafter, we have further examined thermal curability for various post-UV cured adhesive materials by conducting a series of the thermal-cure experiments and measured the ultimate glass transition temperatures of resultant adhesive materials at various "fully-cured" states with using a conventional DSC technique. According to these thermal analysis tests, p-DSC UV-cure experiments, and DSC thermal-cure experiments, we are able to thoroughly understand effects of UV irradiances applied during UV curing on dual UV-thermal curability and resultant thermal properties of various resultant adhesive materials at the "fully-cured" solid states to provide pertinent scientific insights on relevant adhesive handling and processing operations in making medical devices.
The melting of a plastic filament in an FFF extruder is characterized by the fact that there is hardly any frictional heating, and instead heat conduction and radiation between the nozzle wall and the filament plays the major role. Experiments have shown that these heat transfer mechanisms limit material heating and thus the overall production rate. For this reason, many efforts have been made to capture the melting behavior of the filament through analytical models, numerical simulations or experiments. This presentation focuses on a CFD simulation of non-Newtonian and non-isothermal polymer flow through the nozzle of a fused filament fabrication printer. The simulations were performed for a wide range of filament velocities at different nozzle temperatures and then compared with two different types of experiments. A comparison with experimentally measurements of the force required to push the filament through the nozzle showed that the assumptions used for the simulations are suitable to predict the melting and flow behavior in the relevant processing range. In addition, an experimental method was used to allow in-situ observation of melt flow in a printing nozzle using X-ray micro-computed tomography. In this way, it was possible to study the velocity distribution in the nozzle and to gain insights into the melting mechanism that can be used for future modeling approaches.
Due to the viscoelastic flow characteristics of polyethylene (PE) and the interaction of molten PE with metallurgy of a die surface, flow instabilities occur after exceeding a certain shear rate, temperature or mean velocity, which was initially discovered in 1958. This flow instability and melt fracture leads to an undesirable product appearance and can negatively impact product properties due to the emergence of a "sharkskin" morphology of produced film. In addition, melt fracture is one of the first instabilities that occurs at higher throughput, which can limit rates of commercial applications. Although the flow characteristics of polyethylene cannot be modified easily, specialty additives such as polymer processing aids (PPAs) can deposit on the die surface, inducing slip and enhancing flow. With this additional lubrication, die pressure can be lowered and the onset for melt fracture can be delayed, leading to significant commercial rate improvements. Fluoropolymers are ubiquitous within the field of PPAs for polyethylene and incorporate fully-fluorinated carbons to reduce interactions of the molten polyethylene and the die surface. While the efficacy of fluoropolymers to delay the onset of melt fracture is well described, the current regulatory landscape is progressing rapidly for the broad ban of perfluoroalkyl substances, which incorporates fluoropolymers. Although the chemistry and migration of fluoropolymers is quite different than that of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid which bans initially targeted, the current legislations are covering all compounds with at least one fully fluorinated carbon. Regarding plastic packaging, there are multiple states that have passed bans effective in 2023, with additional regulations going through the US and EU that come into effect within the next few years. For converters and film producers to maintain current rates and product morphology, new PFAS-Free technology needs to be developed and implemented within a very short timeframe. This presentation will provide insight into the mechanism at which processing aids lubricate the die and reduce melt fracture, cover academic and literature-based PFAS-Free PPA technologies and deliver an overview into the development of PFAS-Free PPAs at NOVA Chemicals. The performance of NOVA Chemicals fluorine-free PPA technology and efficacy towards melt fracture clearing will be presented alongside the effectiveness of fluorine-free PPA to prevent die lip build up.
Robert Migliorini has been teaching a similar type workshop for over 15 years. His experience is as follows: A Senior Licensing Associate in the technology transfer office at Yale University and also an independent Patent Attorney. Prior to that, he worked for 18 years as a Senior IP counsel with Exxon Mobil Corporation where he assisted clients in all aspects of IP law, including patent preparation and prosecution, patent opinions, client counseling, and IP agreements and licensing. He is an author or coauthor of six IP journal articles related to patent law. Prior to becoming an attorney, Robert worked for 17 years for ExxonMobil Chemical Co., Films Business, in a variety of technical, operations and leadership positions. He is also an inventor or coinventor of 14 U.S. patents related to thermoplastic and metallized films. He also has extensive experience in coating, printing, metallizing and laminating technology. He is licensed to practice law in various states and before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Robert is also an adjunct law professor at both Pace University School of Law and Quinnipiac University School of Law where he teaches courses in Patent Practice & Procedure and IP Agreements & Licensing to law students. Close Medical Plastics and Polymers: Fundamentals and New Growth Drivers That You Need to Know Maureen Reitman, Sc.D.
Group Vice President & Principal Engineer
Exponent Len Czuba
President
Czuba Consulting Workshop Overview This workshop is intended for engineers, scientists and professionals already in the medical materials field who are looking for fresh insights into recent trends; as well as students, engineers, scientists and professionals who are not currently in the field, or are new to it but who are interested in learning more about medical material fundamentals along with recent trends in the medical materials field. Due to the complexity of the medical technology field, there are many new developments of which engineers, professionals, suppliers, manufacturers and other stakeholders may not be aware. This workshop will help broaden attendees understanding of the field and recent developments. This workshop will be organized into sections addressing (a) industry fundamentals and the evolving regulatory framework, (b) work-horse materials for industry sectors, (c) Industry drivers including sustainability and environmental issues, and (d) emerging materials for the life sciences.