Point Blank Golden Ticket
Adele Strecker
Adversaries who have the KRBTGT account password hash may forge Kerberos ticket-granting tickets (TGT), also known as a golden ticket.[1] Golden tickets enable adversaries to generate authentication material for any account in Active Directory.[2]
Using a golden ticket, adversaries are then able to request ticket granting service (TGS) tickets, which enable access to specific resources. Golden tickets require adversaries to interact with the Key Distribution Center (KDC) in order to obtain TGS.[3]
The KDC service runs all on domain controllers that are part of an Active Directory domain. KRBTGT is the Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) service account and is responsible for encrypting and signing all Kerberos tickets.[4] The KRBTGT password hash may be obtained using OS Credential Dumping and privileged access to a domain controller.
For containing the impact of a previously generated golden ticket, reset the built-in KRBTGT account password twice, which will invalidate any existing golden tickets that have been created with the KRBTGT hash and other Kerberos tickets derived from it. For each domain, change the KRBTGT account password once, force replication, and then change the password a second time. Consider rotating the KRBTGT account password every 180 days.[10]
Monitor for anomalous Kerberos activity, such as malformed or blank fields in Windows logon/logoff events (Event ID 4769, 4768), RC4 encryption within TGTs, and TGS requests without preceding TGT requests. Monitor the lifetime of TGT tickets for values that differ from the default domain duration. Monitor for indications of Pass the Ticket being used to move laterally.
Monitor for anomalous Kerberos activity, such as malformed or blank fields in Windows logon/logoff events (Event ID 4624, 4634, 4672). Correlate other security systems with login information (e.g., a user has the KRBTGT account password hash and forges Kerberos ticket-granting tickets).
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As a student I felt very inferior to, yet inspired by others and loved to learn. I desired to go to these fascinating events where successful people discuss the important matters of today, a place where they share their knowledge and collectively work towards a better world. At the time I was involved in some voluntary projects and naturally came up with an already-existing solution: helping event organizations in exchange for free entrance. This strategy worked out well and got me into big international festivals, economic summits, tech conferences, meet-ups, hackathons, business courses, spiritual workshops, PhD study projects, and even medical drug research.
Volunteers can avoid the high entrance fees that general attendees pay by performing various supportive tasks. As a volunteer I played many roles, ranging from wristband girl to door guard to speaker escort. The monetary value of the voluntary work I did never exceeded the price of the entrance tickets, and thus there was an economic benefit. From a figurative perspective volunteers invest in themselves.
Life is a process of continuous learning and humans have an innate desire for knowledge. Knowledge-sharing is crucial for us to envision a better future, especially in this age of information. At events there is always something new to learn. We can openly explore new trends and topics, find out about the latest research outcomes, listen or contribute to interesting discussions, and even get professional advice.
Besides learning from others we can also learn a lot about ourselves at events, especially as volunteers. As a natural introvert it isn't easy to surround myself with an overwhelming crowd of people who I perceive as superior. Yet I learned that attending great events is much easier as a volunteer. We don't need to hand out our business cards and can hide in the bathroom for as long as we like. We simply help in a modest way in the background, which is much appreciated by most people present. Consider voluntary work if you want to boost your confidence because being praised at meaningful events can definitely make you feel great.
We all have a golden ticket, a force that raises our ability to envision a better future for ourselves, for others, or for the world. If we want to enter great events we can use our golden ticket and volunteer to get in. If we want something important to happen we can use our golden ticket and contribute to its manifestation. If we want to move to Mars we can actually volunteer to do so. Motivation opens many doors and can lead us anywhere and everywhere in life. Some golden tickets are stamped with a clear destination, while others may still be blank. Directions may change, and we may get lost sometimes. It is up to us to use our motivation, to choose to not remain stagnate. It is up to us to pave our way into great events.
The well-liked O'Donnell has banter in spades. He is a stand-up comedian in his spare time, regularly performing at small venues around London. A phone-around to dig up some dirt on him produced zilch. "A good operator" and "liked by most" was the general theme.
This scenario is not so far-fetched as, back in 1992, a young O'Donnell was central to Manchester's thriving dance music scene and helped pen seminal techno anthems such as I'm Coming Hardcore by Manic. Playing live, O'Donnell would MC its refrain repeatedly over a heavy techno beat to sweaty hordes of Northern clubbers.
Seventeen years on, following advertising roles at The Guardian, Express Newspapers and the Mail on Sunday, he is defiantly hardcore about the prospects of the London Evening Standard, which stunned the media world this month by going free for the first time in its 182-year history.
"People expect things to be free nowadays," says O'Donnell. "When I was younger, I would buy vinyl. But now you can get music for free. We are presenting a realistic alternative to paid-for newspapers."
The pair were also colleagues at the Mail on Sunday, where O'Donnell spent seven years between 1999 and 2006, and are thought to remain friends. He is keen not to dwell on Davies' tenure as ad director at the Evening Standard, but some suggest O'Donnell, in his number two role, did the bulk of the day-to-day donkey work at the paper. He has no plans to appoint a deputy of his own and will rely on his existing senior team, comprising head of trading John Gill, head of strategic sales Matt Batchelor and head of client communications Deborah Rosenegk.
However, the step up is not insignificant. He will find himself thrashing out the strategic direction of the paper with managing director Andrew Mullins, editor Geordie Greig (who, in passing, refers to O'Donnell as "Johnny") and, should they be in town, globetrotting Russian owner Alexander Lebedev and his son Evgeny. O'Donnell has yet to meet Lebedev senior, despite the Russian being proprietor for nigh on a year, but describes Evgeny as "visionary" and a "great guy".
There is certainly a buzz around the Standard, with its glamorous owner, well-connected editor and pioneering move to shed 12m a year in cover price revenue in a bid to resuscitate a brand that is no longer a fixture on ad schedules.
He is also articulate and reasoned about the market. "The Telegraph's scoop about MPs' expenses put on 20,000 extra readers," he points out. "This was the pinnacle of journalism, but people weren't prepared to stay with the paper. It's the same with promotions - it's becoming more and more difficult to monetise newspaper circulations."
Lebedev is banking on an increase in ad rates to replace the Standard's 50p cover price, which will be fundamental in helping the paper break even by year three. O'Donnell believes he would be justified in doubling rates, offering agencies "cost efficiencies" and "greater value" for clients in return. The response to date has been largely positive, but the reality is that rates will initially have only increased between 25% and 50%.
He has been given a well-deserved golden ticket at the Standard and finally has the chance to prove he can make a success of being the number one commercial guy at a newspaper - which will be another hardcore challenge for the former techno DJ.
Paid-for national newspapers: National newspapers are a different market. We're out there in the afternoons, but some people may decide they don't have time to read in the morning, so they might switch to us. I wouldn't be surprised if others follow suit and go free.
Being Mr Nice Guy: The job won't change me. It has nothing to do with being nice. I am fortunate to get on well with a lot of people, but I don't need to be any more visible than before. We're a tight unit.
Media requirements: We have no plans to change our media agency. Geordie Greig is very commercial and has strong relationships with important brands. He gets on well with high-end people, which is an invaluable strength for us.
Freesheets: I don't know why we are being referred to as a freesheet. I could understand it if we had just launched as a free title, but we are still the same quality newspaper with the same pagination.
On March 10, 2009, a case was filed in the U.S. Circuit Court for the Northern District of Illinois, where I grew up. Rothstein v. American Airlines, Inc. starred my father, Plaintiff Steven Rothstein, and the Defendant, then the world\u2019s third-largest airline. With $23 billion in annual revenue, American Airlines had nothing to lose. For my father, it was a last-ditch effort to save his life.
Here\u2019s how it all took off. In the early 1980s, American rolled out AAirpass, a prepaid membership program that let very frequent flyers purchase discounted tickets by locking in a certain number of annual miles they presumed they might fly in advance. My 30-something-year-old father, having been a frequent flyer for his entire life, purchased one. Then, a few years later, American introduced something straight out of an avid traveler\u2019s fantasy: an unlimited ticket.
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