This is pretty platform specific. But in general, a mobile OS doesn't let applications access each others' files. You didn't say what OS you're using, but I'm guessing Android because the path doesn't look like iOS. Maybe someone with Android experience can answer whether it's possible for two apps to share files this way (without making the files accessible to some random other app!)
Even if you can make the files shareable, it's not going to work completely correctly because one app won't be notified when the other app changes the database. There are parts of CBL that either post notifications to you, or rely on internal change notifications to do their work (like LiveQuery), and those won't behave correctly in this case.
—Jens