You’re comparing apples and oranges. SQLite is a lot lower level than Couchbase Lite; in particular, it doesn’t do synchronization or provide a object-oriented API.
Also, since Couchbase Lite currently uses SQLite to store its data, it can’t possibly be faster than raw SQLite. :)
If all you need to do is store data locally in a fixed schema and are willing to use a very low-level C API to do it (or a slightly higher-level OOP wrapper), then SQLite is a better bet.
—Jens