You have devices so you need to have your IT people unblock Port 8001 and use WIFI if the policy is not against ALL WIFI.
Short of bringing a few PC or mac laptops into your class for students to share , the way to develop may be to develop without a connection; produce an apk and then test on the device. This is a little awkward but does work. Use the Designer, design; use the Blocks, then compile. You don't have to Connect>USB or Connect>AI Companion if you develop in the blind.
Not a great solution but a possibility. You won't be able to use a QR code (it uses wifi) but the apk could be downloaded to the device and emailed and installed.
Regards,
Steve