If I understand the cardboard 3D viewer concept right,
the 3D effect is gotten by displaying two slightly different
images side by side, with the cardboard add-on separating
each eye's field of view from the other eye's field of view,
so each eye sees only one of the two images.
So your app need only show two canvases side by side,
with sprites overlaid on the canvases at slightly different
locations?
That sounds possible to me.
Here's a link to an app that uses sprites overlaying each other
to show how to handle relative positioning of multiple sprites...
The Developers library has other samples, possibly involving perspective simulation.
ABG