I tested your example with my Nexus 5 running Android 5.0.1 together with the companion app and can't confirm your issues
1. volume starts fine (level 10)
2. after call is over, music continues to play using the current volume level
3. it takes around 5 seconds to start the audio (this is dependent on your internet connection speed)
it seems to be, this is a device specific issue?
which device do you use for your tests? which Android version? did you try other devices?
Taifun