Grantha Lesson - 2 - Ayogavaha
Vinodh Rajan
| Grantha - 2 - Ayogavaha |  |
 |
| ॐ नमः सुगताय | ஓம்° நம: ஸுக³தாய |
|| अयं हि बोधिसत्त्वानाम् अद्वयप्रवेशः | तस्मिन् अक्षरवचनविज्ञप्तिप्रचारो नास्ति || ||அயம்° ஹி போ³தி⁴ஸத்த்வாநாம் அத்³வயப்ரவேஸ²: || || தஸ்மிந் அக்ஷரவசநவிஜ்ஞப்திப்ரசாரோ நாஸ்தி || || This is indeed the entrance into the non-duality (Advaya) of the Bodhisattvas. || || In that there is no use for syllables, sounds, and ideas ||
Yet another lesson on Grantha Lipi. I ain't gonna teach Advaya, so bear with my discourse on syllables & sounds :-)
This wil be a short lesson. We'll be seeing 2 new characters called Anusvāra & Visarga. They come under a class of characters called Ayogavāha [Previously, I mentioned them as Ubhayākshara-s. However, the correct grammatical term for them is this].
The Ayogavāha
As Ayogavāha are not independent, usually Anusvāra & Visarga are shown in combination with 'a'. However, they can combine with all the vowel signs.
Also in this lesson we will also learn two additional orthographic devices called Avagraha & Candrabindu .
Anusvāraaṁ अं அம்°
Anusvāra
Anusvāra should be pronounced as follows: With the mouth closed in the natural position, the nasal sound must be released. I know its difficult to replicate this, but at least give it a try :-). For ordinary consonantal [m ம் म्], the lips press against each other hard, and the sound is produced. This doesn't happen during the pronunciation of the Anusvāra.
Also, later in this series, we will discuss about the *approximate* pronunciation of the Anusvāra when a consonant follows it. [Do note, the Anusvara is always pronounced as a pure nasal whatever position it may appear. We are just approximating the sound to get a better grasp of it]
Try writing all the vowels in the previous lesson along with the Anusvara. No big deal, its just a small circle ! But just make sure, the circle is half the height of the preceding character. If a full height circle is drawn , it will become another character [which again we will see it later]
Visargaअः அ: aḥ
namaḥ नम: நம: sattvāḥ सत्त्वा: ஸத்த்வா: viṣṇuḥ विष्णुः விஷ்ணு:
(Below - the characters are entirely in Grantha. Since, by now you must be able to recognize Grantha Vowels. Else, refer to the previous lesson )
Now, how do you pronounce
Certainly not as ai(hai) & au(hau) :-). Let me brief
There are four Sandhyakṣara-s सन्ध्यक्षर ஸந்த்⁴யக்ஷர
Their formation is as follows:
Though
However,
bodhisattvaiḥ बोधिसत्त्वैः போ³தி⁴ஸத்த்வை:
As with the Anusvara, try practicing the Visarga with all the vowel signs.
Now, for the orthographic devices:
Avagrahaऽ '
The Avagraha
This is a silent character that mustn't be pronounced. This just indicates the elision [disappearance] of
नमः + अमिताभाय = नमोऽमिताभाय நம: + அமிதாபா⁴ய = நமோ'மிதாபா⁴ய
तदा + आत्मानम् = तदाऽऽत्मानाम् ததா³ + ஆத்மாநம் = ததா³''த்மாநாம்
It is just an indicator to show that
Consider the following compound word: somapo'mṛtapaḥ सोमपोऽमृतपः ஸோமபோ'ம்ரு«தப:
The Avagraha hints that the word must be split into सोमप: ஸோமப: + अमृतपः அம்ரு«தப: - [ अमृतपः - One who drinks Amrita.]
If the Avagraha is not present, one may be inclined to split it as सोमप: ஸோமப: + मृतपः ம்ரு«தப: - [ मृतपः - One who drinks something dead (Mrita)]
But strictly being an just an Orthographic convention to disambiguate the meaning of the words, it is sometimes missed out in printings and manuscripts.
Chandrabinduam̐ अँ அம்¿
Chandrabindu
It can also indicate the Nasalization of a Consonant.
This completes our second lesson on Grantha Lipi.
Starting from Next week, we'll start to learn the Consonants i.e
Vyanjana-s व्यञ्जनानि வ்யஞ்ஜநாநி
|
class of characters do not exist independently, but rely on the vowel preceeding them (An Analogy would be the Saarbezhuththu of Tamil). The other two characters that come under Ayogavāha are Jihvāmūlīya & Upadhmānīya. [We will discuss them along with the consonants, for orthographic reasons]
is a character that denotes the pure nasal. It is not the same as the pure consonant [ m ம் म् ] as many commonly tend to mispronounce. It has unique sound different from that of [m ம் म्]. There are some intricate differences between the pronunciation of both the letters.
is another interesting character in Sanskrit. It echoes the [h] sound in accordance with the vowel that precedes it. The echoing sound has half-the length of the corresponding vowel.
- This must be pronounced as nama(ha) : (ha) has a vowel length of half-mātra [The preceding vowel 'a' is of one Mātra]
- Pronounced as sattvaa(ha) : (ha) having one-mātra [Since ā has two Matra]
- Realized as vishnu(hu) : (hu) having half-mātra
& 
?
among the Sanskrit vowels. They are formed by the union of two vowels.
+ 
= 
= 
+ 
- bodhisattvai(hi) [ (hi) carrying half the M
or 
has two alternate characters in Grantha . You are free to choose any one of them :-)
indicates that the Vowel is to be pronounced as Nasalized. Similar to that of हूँ in Modern Hindi, or the அவ(ன்) in colloquial Tamil.
Innamburan Innamburan
devoo
அவக்ரஹத்தில் இருவிதம் உண்டா ?
Z மட்டுமே பார்த்துள்ளேன்; நீங்கள் சொன்னால் சரியாகத்தான் இருக்கும்;
இதில் தோய்ந்தவர்.
சிலர் அவக்ரஹம் காட்டாமல் எழுதுகின்றனர். அது சரியா ?
தேவ்
On Oct 26, 11:38 am, Vinodh Rajan <vinodh.vin...@gmail.com> wrote:
> [Please enable images, to view the lesson properly]
>
> Grantha - 2 - Ayogavaha<http://www.virtualvinodh.com/grantha-lipitva/160-grantha-ubhayakshara>
> [image:
> Print]<http://www.virtualvinodh.com/grantha-lipitva/160-grantha-ubhayakshara...>
> [image:
> E-mail]<http://www.virtualvinodh.com/component/mailto/?tmpl=component&link=aH...>
>
> [image: namah_sugataya_grantha]
>
> | ॐ नमः सुगताय | ஓம்° நம: ஸுக³தாய |
>
> ------------------------------
> [image: seated_buddha_2]
>
> [image: grantha_ubhayakashara_quote]
>
> ||* *अयं हि बोधिसत्त्वानाम् अद्वयप्रवेशः | तस्मिन् अक्षरवचनविज्ञप्तिप्रचारो
> नास्ति ||
>
> ||அயம்° ஹி போ³தி⁴ஸத்த்வாநாம் அத்³வயப்ரவேஸ²: ||
>
> || தஸ்மிந் அக்ஷரவசநவிஜ்ஞப்திப்ரசாரோ நாஸ்தி ||
>
> || This is indeed the entrance into the non-duality (*Advaya*) of
> the Bodhisattvas. ||
>
> || In that there is no use for syllables, sounds, and
> ideas * *||
> ------------------------------
>
> *Y*et another lesson on Grantha Lipi. I ain't gonna teach *Advaya, *so* *bear
> with my discourse on syllables & sounds :-)
>
> This wil be a short lesson. We'll be seeing 2 new characters called *
> Anusvāra* & *Visarga*. They come under a class of characters called *
> Ayogavāha *[Previously, I mentioned them as *Ubhayākshara-s. *However, the
> correct grammatical term for them is this].
>
> The *Ayogavāha [image: ayogavaha_grantha]* class of characters do not exist
> independently, but rely on the vowel preceeding them (An Analogy would be
> the *Saarbezhuththu* of Tamil). The other two characters that come under
> Ayogavāha are *Jihvāmūlīya* & *Upadhmānīya*. [We will discuss them along
> with the consonants, for orthographic reasons]
>
> As Ayogavāha are not independent, usually Anusvāra & Visarga are shown in
> combination with 'a'. However, they can combine with all the vowel signs.
>
> Also in this lesson we will also learn two additional orthographic devices
> called *Avagraha & Candrabindu .*
>
> Anusvāra
>
> aṁ अं அம்°
>
> [image: grantha_anusvara]
>
> Anusvāra [image: anusvara_grantha]is a character that denotes the pure
> nasal. It is not the same as the pure consonant [ m ம் म् ] as many
> commonly tend to mispronounce. It has unique sound different from that of [m
> ம் म्]. There are some intricate differences between the pronunciation of
> both the letters.
>
> Anusvāra should be pronounced as follows: With the mouth closed in the
> natural position, the nasal sound must be released. I know its difficult to
> replicate this, but at least give it a try :-). For ordinary consonantal [m
> ம் म्], the lips press against each other hard, and the sound is produced.
> This doesn't happen during the pronunciation of the Anusvāra.
>
> Also, later in this series, we will discuss about the *approximate*
> pronunciation of the Anusvāra when a consonant follows it. [Do note, the
> Anusvara is always pronounced as a pure nasal whatever position it may
> appear. We are just approximating the sound to get a better grasp of it]
>
> Try writing all the vowels in the previous lesson along with the Anusvara.
> No big deal, its just a small circle ! But just make sure, the circle is
> half the height of the preceding character. If a full height circle is drawn
> , it will become another character [which again we will see it later]
>
> *Visarga*
>
> अः அ: aḥ
>
> [image: grantha_visarga]
>
> Visarga [image: visarga_grantha] is another interesting character in
> Sanskrit. It echoes the [h] sound in accordance with the vowel that precedes
> it. The echoing sound has half-the length of the corresponding vowel.
>
> namaḥ नम: நம: [image: namah_grantha]- This must be pronounced as nama(ha) :
> (ha) has a vowel length of half-mātra [The preceding vowel 'a' is of one
> Mātra]
>
> sattvāḥ सत्त्वा: ஸத்த்வா: [image: sattva_grantha] - Pronounced as
> sattvaa(ha) : (ha) having one-mātra [Since ā has two Matra]
>
> viṣṇuḥ विष्णुः விஷ்ணு: [image: vishnu_grantha]- Realized as vishnu(hu) :
> (hu) having half-mātra
>
> (Below - the characters are entirely in Grantha. Since, by now you must be
> able to recognize Grantha Vowels. Else, refer to the previous lesson )
>
> Now, how do you pronounce [image: aiH_grantha] & [image: auH_grantha] ?
>
> Certainly not as ai(hai) & au(hau) :-). Let me brief
>
> There are four *Sandhyakṣara-s* सन्ध्यक्षर ஸந்த்⁴யக்ஷர [image:
> *Vyanjana-s व्यञ्जनानि வ்யஞ்ஜநாநி **[image: vyanjanani_grantha]*
>
> ------------------------------
>
> [image: dharamo_rakshati_corrected_grantha]
> ------------------------------
வினோத் ராஜன்
Yeah. As said, its a matter of convenience. Its nothing wrong to
leave. But would be much helpful, if the elision of the vowel is
shown explicitly through Avagraha
> அவக்ரஹத்தில் இருவிதம் உண்டா ?
Yup. I remember seeing the criss-cross like Avagraha in one of the
Sanskrit Grantha Inscriptions in the walls of Sri Rangam Temple :-)
V
On Oct 26, 11:07 pm, devoo <rde...@gmail.com> wrote:
> வினோத்ஜீ
> Z மட்டுமே பார்த்துள்ளேன்; நீங்கள் சொன்னால் சரியாகத்தான் இருக்கும்;
> இதில் தோய்ந்தவர்.
>
>
Vinodh Rajan
नमो नमः श्रीमन् "विनोद"-महोदय !
This is GREAT ! महदिदं खलु !!
This second "Grantha"-lesson prompted me to re-look into the first lesson.
May I ask one doubt on the first lesson ?
The opening quotation reads - अकारो मुखः सर्वधर्माणां आद्यनुत्पन्नत्वात्
The doubt is whether the last word should read आद्यानुत्पन्नत्वात्
I guess it is a sandhi आद्य + (अन् + उत्पन्नत्वात्) where -
आद्य (adjective) = first, original
अन् + उत्पन्नत्वात् = not created
Or is it आदि + (अन् + उत्पन्नत्वात्) ?
Then आद्यनुत्पन्नत्वात् is also okay.
If one considers that there a difference in the meanings of आदि and आद्य -
considering that -
आदि: (masculine noun) = the beginning, where starting happens
For example, in the second chapter in श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता - अव्यक्तादीनि भूतानि where
अव्यक्तादीनि = अव्यक्तः आदिः येषां तानि = Those, whose beginning is (just the state of being) unexposed
This quotation brings to mind the mention in the tenth chapter in श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता - अक्षराणाम् अकारो ऽ हम् ।
Quotation in your first "Grantha" lesson brings forth the significance of this mention in श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता !
In Grantha - Lesson 2 you have dealt with "avagraha" also so well !
Thanks a lot ! धन्यवादाः !!
सस्नेहम् ,
अभ्यंकरकुलोत्पन्नः श्रीपादः |
"श्रीपतेः पदयुगं स्मरणीयम् ।"
http://slabhyankar.wordpress.com
http://slezall.blogspot.com
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चलितभाष-क्रमाङ्कः +91 98330 72044
--
http://www.virtualvinodh.com
devoo
சரியே;
அப்யங்கர் அவர்கள் சொல்வதுபோல் இது பாணிநிக்கு ஒத்து வருகிறது
தேவ்
On Oct 27, 1:31 am, Vinodh Rajan <vinodh.vin...@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi,
>
> The Quote is from a Mahayaana Suutra called "A.s.tasaahasrika Praj~naa
> Paaramita Suutra".
>
> There each letter of the (Gandhari) Alphabet is taken a menemonic. In this
> way, 'a' stands for "anutpanna". [Similarly for other letters in the
> Gandharian Alphabet ]
>
> It is aadyanupannatvaat.
>
> The Buddhist Sanskrit deviates much from the grammer of Classican Sanskrit.
> We cannot impose the classic Paninian rules on Buddhist Sanskrit.
>
> V
> On Wed, Oct 27, 2010 at 3:26 AM, S. L. Abhyankar <sl.abhyan...@gmail.com>wrote:
>
> > नमो नमः श्रीमन् "विनोद"-महोदय !
> > This is GREAT ! महदिदं खलु !!
> > This second "Grantha"-lesson prompted me to re-look into the first lesson.
> > May I ask one doubt on the first lesson ?
> > The opening quotation reads - *अ*कारो मुखः सर्वधर्माणां आ*द्य*नुत्पन्नत्वात्
>
> > The doubt is whether the last word should read आ*द्या*नुत्पन्नत्वात्
>
> > I guess it is a sandhi आद्य + (अन् + उत्पन्नत्वात्) where -
> > आद्य (adjective) = first, original
> > अन् + उत्पन्नत्वात् = not created
>
> > Or is it आदि + (अन् + उत्पन्नत्वात्) ?
> > Then आ*द्य*नुत्पन्नत्वात् is also okay.
>
> > If one considers that there a difference in the meanings of आदि and आद्य -
>
> > considering that -
> > आदि: (masculine noun) = the beginning, where starting happens
> > For example, in the second chapter in श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता - अव्यक्तादीनि
> > भूतानि where
> > अव्यक्तादीनि = अव्यक्तः आदिः येषां तानि = Those, whose beginning is (just
> > the state of being) unexposed
>
> > This quotation brings to mind the mention in the tenth chapter in
> > श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता - अक्षराणाम् अकारो ऽ हम् ।
> > Quotation in your first "Grantha" lesson brings forth the significance of
> > this mention in श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता !
>
> > In Grantha - Lesson 2 you have dealt with "avagraha" also so well !
>
> > Thanks a lot ! धन्यवादाः !!
> > सस्नेहम् ,
> > अभ्यंकरकुलोत्पन्नः श्रीपादः |
> > "श्रीपतेः पदयुगं स्मरणीयम् ।"
> >http://slabhyankar.wordpress.com
> >http://slezall.blogspot.com
> > स्थापित-दूरभाष-क्रमाङ्कः +91 22 2849 5365
> > चलितभाष-क्रमाङ्कः +91 98330 72044
>
> > On Tue, Oct 26, 2010 at 10:08 PM, Vinodh Rajan <vinodh.vin...@gmail.com>wrote:
>
> >> [Please enable images, to view the lesson properly]
>
> >> Grantha - 2 - Ayogavaha<http://www.virtualvinodh.com/grantha-lipitva/160-grantha-ubhayakshara> [image:
> >> Print]<http://www.virtualvinodh.com/grantha-lipitva/160-grantha-ubhayakshara...> [image:
> >> E-mail]<http://www.virtualvinodh.com/component/mailto/?tmpl=component&link=aH...>
>
> >> [image: namah_sugataya_grantha]
>
> >> | ॐ नमः सुगताय | ஓம்° நம: ஸுக³தாய |
>
> >> ------------------------------
> >> [image: seated_buddha_2]
>
> >> [image: grantha_ubhayakashara_quote]
>
> >> ||* *अयं हि बोधिसत्त्वानाम् अद्वयप्रवेशः | तस्मिन्
> >> अक्षरवचनविज्ञप्तिप्रचारो नास्ति ||
>
> >> ||அயம்° ஹி போ³தி⁴ஸத்த்வாநாம் அத்³வயப்ரவேஸ²: ||
>
> >> || தஸ்மிந் அக்ஷரவசநவிஜ்ஞப்திப்ரசாரோ நாஸ்தி ||
>
> >> || This is indeed the entrance into the non-duality (*Advaya*) of
> >> the Bodhisattvas. ||
>
> >> || In that there is no use for syllables, sounds, and
> >> ideas * *||
> >> ------------------------------
>
> >> *Y*et another lesson on Grantha Lipi. I ain't gonna teach *Advaya, *so* *bear
> >> with my discourse on syllables & sounds :-)
>
> >> This wil be a short lesson. We'll be seeing 2 new characters called *
> >> Anusvāra* & *Visarga*. They come under a class of characters called *
> >> Ayogavāha *[Previously, I mentioned them as *Ubhayākshara-s. *However, the
> >> correct grammatical term for them is this].
>
> >> The *Ayogavāha [image: ayogavaha_grantha]* class of characters do not
> >> exist independently, but rely on the vowel preceeding them (An Analogy would
> >> be the *Saarbezhuththu* of Tamil). The other two characters that come
> >> under Ayogavāha are *Jihvāmūlīya* & *Upadhmānīya*. [We will discuss them
> >> along with the consonants, for orthographic reasons]
>
> >> As Ayogavāha are not independent, usually Anusvāra & Visarga are shown in
> >> combination with 'a'. However, they can combine with all the vowel signs.
>
> >> Also in this lesson we will also learn two additional orthographic devices
> >> called *Avagraha & Candrabindu .*
>
> >> Anusvāra
>
> >> aṁ अं அம்°
>
> >> [image: grantha_anusvara]
>
> >> Anusvāra [image: anusvara_grantha]is a character that denotes the pure
> >> nasal. It is not the same as the pure consonant [ m ம் म् ] as many
> >> commonly tend to mispronounce. It has unique sound different from that of [m
> >> ம் म्]. There are some intricate differences between the pronunciation of
> >> both the letters.
>
> >> Anusvāra should be pronounced as follows: With the mouth closed in the
> >> natural position, the nasal sound must be released. I know its difficult to
> >> replicate this, but at least give it a try :-). For ordinary consonantal [m
> >> ம் म्], the lips press against each other hard, and the sound is
> >> produced. This doesn't happen during the pronunciation of the Anusvāra.
>
> >> Also, later in this series, we will discuss about the *approximate*
> >> pronunciation of the Anusvāra when a consonant follows it. [Do note, the
> >> Anusvara is always pronounced as a pure nasal whatever position it may
> >> appear. We are just approximating the sound to get a better grasp of it]
>
> >> Try writing all the vowels in the previous lesson along with the Anusvara.
> >> No big deal, its just a small circle ! But just make sure, the circle is
> >> half the height of the preceding character. If a full height circle is drawn
> >> , it will become another character [which again we will see it later]
>
> >> *Visarga*
>
> >> अः அ: aḥ
>
> >> [image: grantha_visarga]
>
> >> Visarga [image: visarga_grantha] is another interesting character in
> >> Sanskrit. It echoes the [h] sound in accordance with the vowel that precedes
> >> it. The echoing sound has half-the length of the corresponding vowel.
>
> >> namaḥ नम: நம: [image: namah_grantha]- This must be pronounced as nama(ha)
> >> : (ha) has a vowel length of half-mātra [The preceding vowel 'a' is of one
> >> Mātra]
>
> >> sattvāḥ सत्त्वा: ஸத்த்வா: [image: sattva_grantha] - Pronounced as
> >> sattvaa(ha) : (ha) having one-mātra [Since ā has two Matra]
>
> >> viṣṇuḥ विष्णुः விஷ்ணு: [image: vishnu_grantha]- Realized as vishnu(hu) :
> >> (hu) having half-mātra
>
> >> (Below - the characters are entirely in Grantha. Since, by now you must be
> >> able to recognize Grantha Vowels. Else, refer to the previous lesson )
>
> >> Now, how do you pronounce [image: aiH_grantha] & [image: auH_grantha] ?
>
> >> Certainly not as ai(hai) & au(hau) :-). Let me brief
>
> >> There are four *Sandhyakṣara-s* सन्ध्यक्षर ஸந்த்⁴யக்ஷர [image:
> ...
>
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