LincStation N1 & TrueNAS Scale

[Roger M. Jenson]

Yesterday I installed TrueNAS Scale on the LincStation N1 that had
Unraid installed. I plan to use it for a demonstration at the March 2025
meeting.

Having Fun,
Roger M. Jenson

[Roger M. Jenson]

At the March 2025 meeting I demonstrated what I had accomplished in the
previous two days installing and configuring TrueNAS Scale.

After installing the docker Nextcloud and ZeroTier I am in new territory
configuring docker apps in the TrueNAS Scale management interface. I
will start with ZeroTier first so I can securely access the LincStation
N1 from anywhere.

[Roger M. Jenson]

Using the instructions in the following YouTube video I can now securely
access TrueNAS Scale on the LincStation N1 whereever I have Internet access.

How to remote access TrueNAS Scale with Zerotier VPN

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WJjQp3DX40

Next step is to setup Nextcloud.

Having Fun,
Roger M. Jenson

[Tom]

Hey all, I have a python script that returns times and dates like this:

 

Dawn: 2025-04-02 06:02:58.182622-05:00

 

I'd like to isolate the time part of that only -- it seems to include not only the date, but also the offset from UTC. Sure, I could do this by taking the string apart and counting characters, but there should be a way to handle this more portably. I wondered if there's an easy way to do that.

 

This is how I'm getting these strings: (And I think they are strings, not some sort of datevalue.)

 

# Timezone name in an IANA compatible form: returns "America/Chicago" or etc

tziana=tzlocal.get_localzone_name()

city = LocationInfo('Menomonee Falls', 'Wisconsin', 'US/North America', mylat, mylon)

s = sun(city.observer, date=datetime.date(mynow), tzinfo=tziana)

 

print("Dawn:\t",s["dawn"],sep='')

 

Thanks in advance

-Tom

[Richard Benkstein]

Tom,

I would try piping to ack - first extracting the second section (default separator is the space) resulting in "06:02:58.182622-05:00" - then pipe that result to ack again defining the separator as the . (period) and extracting the first section which should give "06:02:58"  or the -(dash) giving "06:02:58.182522"

If this doesn't work, it has been a long time since I have done these types of things.

Rick Benkstein

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[James Meyer]

Well it's hard to come up with anything based on the info given. As you said it might be a string or might not be.

Can you  report back

print(s)

print(type(s))

--

[James Meyer]

if the type is a list, then also print out the type of the list element that you are interested in.

[Ryan Pisani]

Date time objects can be manipulated without parsing a part strings. 

You can have the date time object printed out in any format you choose. 

from datetime import datetime

# Create a datetime object for the current date and time

now = datetime.now()

# Print the full date and time

print("Full datetime:", now)

# Print only the hour, minute, and second

print("Time only:", now.strftime("%H:%M:%S"))

--

[Ryan Pisani]

I should have added... For your particular time stamp it's an ISO format 

from datetime import datetime

timestamp = "2025-04-02 06:02:58.182622-05:00"

dt = datetime.fromisoformat(timestamp)

print(dt)

[Tom]

Value of s:

{'dawn': datetime.datetime(2025, 4, 3, 6, 1, 10, 240865, tzinfo=backports.zoneinfo.ZoneInfo(key='America/Chicago')), 'sunrise': datetime.datetime(2025, 4, 3, 6, 30, 31, 489166, tzinfo=backports.zoneinfo.ZoneInfo(key='America/Chicago')), 'noon': datetime.datetime(2025, 4, 3, 12, 55, 45, tzinfo=backports.zoneinfo.ZoneInfo(key='America/Chicago')), 'sunset': datetime.datetime(2025, 4, 3, 19, 21, 20, 118979, tzinfo=backports.zoneinfo.ZoneInfo(key='America/Chicago')), 'dusk': datetime.datetime(2025, 4, 3, 19, 50, 46, 760113, tzinfo=backports.zoneinfo.ZoneInfo(key='America/Chicago'))}

 

Type of s:

<class 'dict'>

 

Type of s["sunset"]

<class 'datetime.datetime'>

 

Type of s["sunrise]

<class 'datetime.datetime'>

 

 

Aha! It's not a string, it's an actual datetime.datetime

Seems like manipulating that should be easier.

To view this discussion visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/MilwaukeeLUG/CADvTYkwMvRbRyc8gA-p371G16hGTh13xNqohUj6gXGMkFBZs3A%40mail.gmail.com.

 

[Tom]

Result:

File "/usr/local/bin/suntimes.py", line 177, in

dt = datetime.fromisoformat(s["dawn"])

TypeError: fromisoformat: argument must be str

 

 

At 06:49 AM 4/3/2025 -0500, Ryan Pisani wrote:

dt = datetime.fromisoformat(timestamp)

print(dt)

 

[Tom]

This approach worked perfectly:

print(s["dawn"].strftime("%H:%M:%S"))

 

That's exactly what I was looking for. Thanks!

To view this discussion visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/MilwaukeeLUG/CAJvMX0gp2wv%2B1hfgd9BtEVLLVp2cQhPWnAUVXCXTA43-9u_mrA%40mail.gmail.com.

 

[James Meyer]

Awesome. Now use what Ryan said and you should be all set

To view this discussion visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/MilwaukeeLUG/5802.2053015034.1743693808%40gmail.com.

[Tom]

My code style is ugly. But here's my Python program I wrote with your valuable assistance. Please don't laugh.

P.S. It won't run as pasted below because my mail client throws away the tabs.

 

One question I have yet to answer: Checking the answers against a web site, it seems like it's correcting for DST, but it's not supposed to. The docs say it won't. That's why I put the "is_dst" function in; I was expecting to have to compensate by an hour if DST is true. But DST comes back True (at the moment) and the times are correct.

 

I guess I'll have to revisit in the fall after DST.

 

#!/usr/bin/python

# Return times for dawn, sunrise, dusk, sunset, etc.

# Note: most python libs for getting your timezone get a tuple with local zone names, like "CST, CDT" which

# the astral.sun package can't handle. What you need is the IANA timezone name, like "US/Chicago" or "US/Central"

 

import sys, os, getopt

import pytz

from astral import LocationInfo

from astral.sun import sun

from datetime import date, datetime, timezone, timedelta

import time

import tzlocal

 

ver = "2.3"

 

# My house in Waukesha County (Original has many more decimals)

mylat = 43.1

mylon = -88.1

 

# These are the formats for dates/times with and without -v (verbose) option.

longfmt ="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f"

shortfmt="%H:%M:%S"

 

# ================================================================================

 

def usage():

    print(me,ver)

    print("Get and display times of local dawn, sunrise, noon, dusk, sunset.")

    print("Times are based on a fixed longitude and latitude, hardcoded.")

    print("Options:")

    print(" -h Help")

    print(" -v Verbose output / debugging")

    print(" -d Show time of local Dawn")

    print(" -s Sunrise")

    print(" -n Noon (or -N)")

    print(" -S Sunset")

    print(" -D Dusk")

    print(" -L Location information (or -l)")

    print(" -t Time & date information")

    print(" -T Time Zone information")

    print(" -y Daylight Saving Time Status")

    print()

    print("NOTE: If multiple options are given, the times are printed in the order the events occur:")

    print("Dawn, Sunrise, Noon, Sunset, Dusk")

    print()

# ================================================================================

def is_dst(dt=None, timezone='UTC'):

    """Is daylight savings in effect?"""

    if dt is None:

        dt = datetime.datetime.utcnow()

        timezone = pytz.timezone(timezone)

        timezone_aware_date = timezone.localize(dt, is_dst=None)

        return timezone_aware_date.tzinfo._dst.seconds != 0

# ================================================================================

# PrintSunTime from dictionary s using key

def prst(k):

    if oVerb == True:

        print(k,"\t",s[k].strftime(longfmt)[:-4],sep='')

    else:

        print(s[k].strftime(shortfmt))

# ================================================================================

me = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])

# Get argument list from command line and strip off the first one (it's the program name)

argList = sys.argv[1:]

 

#print("Options:",len(sys.argv))

 

if len(sys.argv) < 2:

print("Must enter at least one option.")

print()

usage()

sys.exit(2)

 

# Set options allowed on command line

options = "HhVvDdLlNnSsTty"

 

# ================================================================================

# Parse all the command line options

oDawn=False

oVerb=False

oDebg=False

oRise=False

oNoon=False

oSet=False

oDusk=False

oLoc=False

oTime=False

oZone=False

oDST=False

 

try:

    opts, leftovers = getopt.getopt(argList,options)

 

except getopt.GetoptError as err:

    print(str(err))

    print()

    usage()

    sys.exit(3)

 

for opt,arg in opts:

    if oDebg == True:

        print("opt =",opt,"\t","arg =",arg)

    if opt in ("-h","-H"):

        usage()

        sys.exit(0)

    if opt in ("-d"):

        oDawn = True

    if opt in ("-s"):

        oRise = True

    if opt in ("-n","-N"):

        oNoon = True

    if opt in ("-S"):

        oSet = True

    if opt in ("-D"):

        oDusk = True

    if opt in ("-l","-L"):

        oLoc = True

    if opt in ("-t"):

        oTime = True

    if opt in ("-T"):

        oZone = True

    if opt in ("-v"):

        oVerb=True

    if opt in ("-V"):

        oDebg=True

    if opt in ("-y"):

        oDST=True

# ================================================================================

if oDebg == True:

    print("oDawn\toVerb\toDebg\toRise\toNoon\toSet\toDusk\toLoc\toTime\toZone\toDST")

    print(oDawn,oVerb,oDebg,oRise,oNoon,oSet,oDusk,oLoc,oTime,oZone,oDST,sep="\t")

    print()

    print("opts:",opts,"\t","Leftovers:",leftovers)

# ================================================================================

mynow = datetime.today()

myyear = mynow.year

mymon = mynow.month

mydate = mynow.day

 

myhour = mynow.hour

mymin = mynow.minute

mysec = mynow.second

 

# This value is not useful

mytz = time.tzname

 

# This value is the IANA timezone name we need.

tziana=tzlocal.get_localzone_name()

 

# Determine if we're in daylight saving time now:

isdst = is_dst(mynow, timezone=tziana)

 

if oTime == True:

    print(f"{myyear}-{mymon:02d}-{mydate:02d}\t{myhour:02d}:{mymin:02d}:{mysec:02d}")

if oZone == True:

    print("timezone:",mytz,"\t", "IANA Timezone:",tziana,"\t","Is DST now:",isdst)

if oDST == True:

    print("DST: ",isdst)

 

# ================================================================================

city = LocationInfo('Menomonee Falls', 'Wisconsin', 'US/North America', mylat, mylon)

if oLoc == True:

    print("Name: ",city.name,"\t","Region: ",city.region,"\t","Latt: ",city.latitude,"\t","Long: ",city.longitude,sep='')

 

# print((

# f'Location: {city.name}/{city.region}\n'

# f'Timezone: {city.timezone}\n'

# f'Latitude: {city.latitude:.02f}; Longitude: {city.longitude:.02f}\n'

# ))

 

# ================================================================================

s = sun(city.observer, date=datetime.date(mynow), tzinfo=tziana)

 

# oDawn,oVerb,oDebg,oRise,oNoon,oSet,oDusk,oLoc,oTime,oZone,oDST

if oDawn == True:

    # key="dawn"

    # print(key,"\t",s[key],sep='')

    # print(s[key].strftime("%H:%M:%S"))

    prst("dawn")

if oRise == True:

    #print("Rise:\t",s["sunrise"],sep='')

    prst("sunrise")

if oNoon == True:

    prst("noon")

if oSet == True:

    prst("sunset")

if oDusk == True:

    prst("dusk")

 

# ================================================================================

To view this discussion visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/MilwaukeeLUG/CADvTYkxR2uLCFQuPx4x_YS4AxEPon%3DFM06A1NQWvv4j_jYF13w%40mail.gmail.com.

 

[Ryan Pisani]

Date time and time zone data is DST aware.  What are you trying to accomplish by checking for DST?  Local for time zone should already understand time offsets from UTC.

To view this discussion visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/MilwaukeeLUG/5802.-217888942.1743698073%40gmail.com.

[Tom]

The astra library "sun" package says it's not DST aware, but I'm getting the right answers, so maybe it is.

[Ryan Pisani]

Date time objects can be manipulated without parsing a part strings. 

You can have the date time object printed out in any format you choose. 

from datetime import datetime

# Create a datetime object for the current date and time

now = datetime.now()

# Print the full date and time

print("Full datetime:", now)

# Print only the hour, minute, and second

print("Time only:", now.strftime("%H:%M:%S"))

To view this discussion visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/MilwaukeeLUG/804903541.611523.1743643054501%40mail.yahoo.com.

[Richard Benkstein]

Tom,

Sorry - the command is awk.

Rick

To view this discussion visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/MilwaukeeLUG/804903541.611523.1743643054501%40mail.yahoo.com.

[Richard Benkstein]

Tom,

Sorry for the third post

You can use awk or gawk - the pipe after your text would be |awk {'print $2'} |awk -F. {'print $1'}

(or the last -F. could be -F-)

Rick