Bonide Fruit Tree Spray and Curculio
Prof. Kent
Last year curculio damaged 60-70% of my apple crop. I sprayed just before blossoms opened and just after petal fall as always.
Although I may be too late this year, I'm switching to an Imidan+Captan spray program.
------------------------------ I found this advice online ----------------------------
Spraying
Plan : When to spray?, What to spray?:
First
cover spray: tight cluster to pink,,apply Imidan 70wp + Captan
50wp, to control
and protect fruitletts from insect and scab
damage.
Second cover spray: 90% petal fall, Imidan
70wp + Captan 50wp, high mating activity for Plum Curculio, Sawfly,
Potato Leafhoppers, and Tarnish Plant Bugs. These are the major
insects that do the most damage to newly formed apples. I can not
stress enough the importance of doing a good job of spraying during
this time. This is the most critical time if good yields are to be
obtained. Following a 30 day period after petal fall, the population
of these insects drops off significantly and the apples have
grown
to sufficient size (thicker skin) by then to be less vulnerable of
attack. I recommend the use of Captan 50wp throughout this period, as
it is still the primary scab season.
3rd cover spray:
7 to 10 days: Imidan + Captan (compatible mix)
4th and 5th cover spray: 10
to 12 days intervals: Imidan + Captan
Around July 1st: Switch
to Sevin XLR at the first sign of Japanese Beetles feeding in the
orchard. Captan is no longer needed for trees planted for the
intention of feeding wildlife.
Sevin is a thinning agent for
apples, and a very good one for Honeycrisp. Sevin is only effective
as a thinner from fruit set (just after petal fall) up until the
apple is less than 12mm in diameter. By the time you spray for JB,
Sevin no longer works as a thinner. Imidan provides only moderate
control of JB. Japanese beetles have a penchant for Honeycrisp and
may have to spray every 5 to 7 days for good suppression, and
continue until JB populations start to subside. Do not use beetle
traps. The female pheromone will attract male beetles for miles. So
other than JB problems your spray program for wildlife should be
completed by the 4th of July.
If growing a good crop of
apples, of above medium quality, is your goal then this spraying plan
should give you excellent results. Remember, a no spray plan will
reduce yield, apple size, and the general health of the tree.
-------------------------------
For average " Joe The Fruit Tree
Grower" for the control and suppression of most major insects
the following non-restrictive insecticides may be used for farm
plantings and commercial orchards. Imidan (by Gowan) , Avaunt (by
Dupont) and, Calypso (by Bayer).Imidan is the cheapest, but I
like to use Avaunt due to low toxicity to mammals and shorter REI
(re-entry time) and is excellent for controlling Plum Curculio. Check
with a local commercial grower to see if there is any state
restrictions on these products.
For non-bearing trees, I
recommend spray using a Imidan & Captan mix to promote healthy
tree growth. Sevin XLR Plus is excellent for controlling Tent
Caterpillars and too is non-restrictive. Sevin XLR Plus is a very
effective thinning agent. Application just after fruit set will
allow the King Blossom fruit to remain while aborting the smaller
fruitlets. The take home message is to use Sevin early after fruit
set, and only if thinning is desired. Use 30 days after petal fall,
if needed as an insecticide, for controlling Japanese Beetles and
Caterpillars.
Use 3 to 4 tablespoons of Imidan 70WP per gallon
of water, and 3 to 4 tablespoons per gallon of water for Captan 50wp
to your tank mix. Spray until chemical starts to drip for good
coverage.
Bonide Fruit Tree Spray contains the
insecticide malathion 6%, the fungicide Captan at 12%, and Carbaryl
(better known as Sevin) at 3% concentration. This is a very weak
mixture that offers some suppression of insect and fugal damage but
at the expense of better fruit quality and yields. I compare it
to trying to kill 100 flies on the kitchen counter with a single swat
of a fly's swatter.
I purchase my chemicals through United Agi
Products (UAP). The company was recently acquired by Crop Production
Services and located in most states through the USA.
http://www.uap.com/uap/index.cfm?cid=7662
Use your zip code and product search to find a dealer near you. If
you have problems, let me know. I have a salesperson here in Vermont
that I work with and will ask him where there is a dealer near
you.
For a broad-spectrum insecticide ask your dealer if he
carries Imidan and/or Avaunt. Both are very good choices for
controlling insects. Imidan is cheaper, but is an organophosphate, so
therefore requires more caution when handling. Avaunt is extremely
effective, especially on Plum Curculio, but at a higher cost. Having
a small commercial orchard, I prefer to alternate sprays for better
efficacy and cost.
These products are non-restrictive here in
Vermont, so do not require Applicator certification. You will need to
check with your dealer to see if there is any State
restrictions.
Captan, Imidan, & Carbaryl are compatible
materials and can be mixed together. Captan is packaged in a 6.5lb
bag in granular form. Imidan is packaged in a 4 – 1lb pouch. Sevin
xlr comes in a 2.5 gallon container.
Developing a spray
program for your apple tree plots is a very important step towards
producing a productive orchard that will be the envy of surrounding
landowners and bring hunting opportunity that was not thought
possible. I know, I own one!
Brian Lynch
http://www.uky.edu/hort/sites/www.uky.edu.hort/files/pages-attachments/alternativecontrol.pdf
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Kent Eddy
Yes, the Japanese beetle pressure is always high here. JPs prefer sandy soil for their larva stage, which I have in abundance. Bonide (malathion) worked for beetles but not for last year's plum curculio. Sevin works better on beetles but not to be used until apple fruitlets are 12 mm dia. or will cause thinning of fruit.
Good luck with the organic thing, Brian. I thought my apples looked organic last year when they were riddled with curculio tracks.
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