Well actually no media manipulation is done in Lua: everything that relates to media is in the C code, and you only use Lua to decide what to do and how to interact with users. Typically you'd create C methods and then expose them as Lua functions so that your Lua script can poke it. We do have some C methods available already for basic/common features, but a janus_lua_extra.c piece of code is available to add your own functions instead, and the plugin will load them (but that will need C development too, of course).
Really interested to see what you'll be able to accomplish with Rust and Janus! If you'll ever write a blog post or present this somewhere, please let me know and I'll gladly educate myself :-)
Lorenzo