The Making Of C
Heiko Kretschmer
Hallo Loite!
Weil hier ja mal wieder tote Hose ist, erlaube ich mir Euch diesen Text zu
schicken. Bitte keine Flames, betreffend, dass es nicht ANSI is...:-))))
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CREATORS ADMIT UNIX, C "AN ELABORATE PRANK"
In an announcement that has stunned the computer industry, Ken Thompson, Dennis
Ritchie and Brian Kernighan admitted that the Unix operating system and C
programming language created by them is an elaborate prank kept alive for over
20 years.
Speaking at the recent UnixWorld Software Development Form, Thompson revealed
the following:
"In 1969, AT&T had just terminated their work with GE/Honeywell/AT&T Multics
project. Brian and I had started work with an early release of Pascal from
Professor Nichlaus Wirth's ETH labs in Switzerland and we were impressed with
its elegant simplicity and power.
Dennis had just finished reading `Bored of the Rings', a National Lampoon
parody
of the Tolkien's `Lord of the Rings' trilogy. As a lark, we decided to do
parodies of the Multics environment and Pascal. Dennis and I were responsible
for the operating environment. We look at Multics and designed the new OS to
be
as complex and cryptic as possible to maximise casual users' frustration levels
calling it Unix as a parody of Multics, as well as other more risque allusions.
We sold the terse command language to novitiates by telling them that it saved
typing.
Then Dennis and Brian worked on a warped version of Pascal, called `A'.
`A'looked a lot like PAscal, but elevated the notion of the direct memory
address (which Wirth had banished) to the central concept of the language.
This was Dennis's contribution, and he in fact coined the term "pointer"
as a innocuous sounding name for a truly malevolent construct. Brian must
be credited with the idea of having absolutely no standard I/O specification;
this ensured that at least 50% of the typical commercial program would have
to be re- coded when changing hardware platforms.
Brian was also responsible for pitching this lack of I/O as a feature; it
allowed us to describe the language as "truly portable".
When we found others were actually creating real programs with A, we removed
compulsory type-checking on function arguments. Later, we added a notion we
called "casting"; this allowed the programmer to treat an integer as though it
were a 50kb user-defined structure.
When we found that some programmers were simply not using pointers, we
eliminated the ability to pass structures to functions, enforcing their use in
even the simplest applications. We sold this, andmany other features, as
enhancements to the efficiency of the language. In this way, our prank
evolved into B, BCPL and finally C.
We stopped when we got a clean compile on the following syntax
for(;P("\n"),R-;P("|"))for(e=C;e-C);P("_"+(*u++/8)%2))P("|"+(*u/4)%2);
At one time, we joked about selling this to the Soviets to set their computer
science progress back 20 or more years.
Unfortunately, AT&T and other US corporations actually began using Unix and
C. We decided we'd better keep mum, assuming it was just a passing phase.
In fact, it's taken US companies over 20 years to develop enough expertise to
generate useful applications using this 1960's technological parody.
We are impressed with the tenacity of the general Unix and C programmer. In
fact, Brian, Dennis and I have never ourselves attempted to write a commercial
application in this environment. We feel really guilty about the chaos,
confusion and truly awesome programming projects that have resulted from
our silly prank so long ago.
Dennis Ritchie said: "What really tore it (just when AIDA was catching on),
was that Bjarne Stroustrup caught onto our joke. He extended it to further
parody Smalltalk. Like us, he was caught by surprise when nobody laughed.
So he added multiple inheritance, virtual base classes, and later... templates.
All to no avail.
So we now have compilers that can compile 100,000 lines per second, but
need to process a header file for 25 minutes before they get to the meat of
`Hello World'."
Major Unix and C vendors and customers, including AT&T, Microsoft, Hewlett-
Packard, GTE, NCR, and DEC have refused comment at this time.
Borland International, a leading vendor of object-oriented tools, including
the popular Turbo Pascal and Borland C++, stated they had suspected this for
a couple of years. In fact, the notoriously late Quattro Pro for Windows was
originally written in C++.
Phillipe Kahn said: "After two and a half years programming, and massive
programmer burn-outs, we re-coded the whole thing in Turbo Pascal in three
months. I think it's fair to say that Turbo Pascal saved our bacon".
Another Borland spokesman said that they would continue to enhance their
Pascal products and halt further efforts to develop C/C++.
Professor Wirth of the ETH Institute and father of the Pascal, Modula 2 and
Oberon structured languages, cryptically said "P.T.Barnum was right." He
had no further comments."
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Tschö, Heiko (mit Mac Philipp)