If you are using MathJax components (rather than loading MathJax modules directly), you can use
MathJax.startup.document.options
to get the options currently in effect for the MathDocument. You can get the input options from
MathJax.startup.document.inputJax[0].options
(or from inputJax[1], etc.), and the output options from
MathJax.starutp.document.outputJax.options
though some of these options may be split out to go to other components. E.g., the options for TeX tags are split out and applied to the tagging object instead.
Does that get you want you need?
Davide