Type 1: located in the weld metal
Type 2: located in the weld metal but can propagate to HAZ/BM
Type 3: initiated in HAZ (close to fusion zone) and can propagate in to BM.
Type 4: initiated in HAZ (away from fusion line)
Cracks that have been categorized as Type I, Type II, Type III and Type IV are given below.
The Type I and Type II cracking originate in weld metal, propagate either through the weld metal itself (Type I) or cross over in the HAZ (Type II).
The Type III cracking occurs in the coarse grain region of HAZ and by refining the grain size it can be avoided.
Type IV cracking nucleates and propagates in the intercritical/fine grain region of HAZ. It is not possible to avoid Type IV cracking but it can be minimized.

The above figure illustrates types of cracking in weld joint of steels on service exposure
Expect some more details from others.
Regards,
A Meganathan
Manager
Cochin Shipyard Limited
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