Multimedia Compression And Communication Ebook 41

[Gerarda Zmuda]

Multimedia Compression and Communication Ebook 41

Multimedia is the use of several different media (e.g. text, audio, graphics, animation, video, and interactivity) to convey information. Multimedia compression and communication are two essential aspects of multimedia systems, as they enable efficient storage, transmission, and processing of multimedia data. In this article, we will review some of the principles and standards of multimedia compression and communication, as well as some of the ebooks that cover these topics.

Principles of Multimedia Compression and Communication

Multimedia compression and communication are based on the following principles:

Multimedia Compression And Communication Ebook 41

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• Data reduction: The goal of compression is to reduce the amount of data required to represent a multimedia signal, while preserving its quality and intelligibility. Data reduction can be achieved by exploiting the redundancy and irrelevancy in the signal. Redundancy refers to the correlation among the data elements, such as pixels in an image or samples in an audio signal. Irrelevancy refers to the information that is not perceptible or not important to the human senses, such as high-frequency components or background noise. Data reduction can be performed by using various techniques, such as quantization, coding, transform, prediction, and subband decomposition.

• Data representation: The goal of representation is to encode the compressed data into a suitable format for storage or transmission. Data representation can be performed by using various techniques, such as bit allocation, entropy coding, run-length coding, variable-length coding, arithmetic coding, Huffman coding, and dictionary coding.

• Data transmission: The goal of transmission is to deliver the compressed data from the source to the destination over a communication channel. Data transmission can be performed by using various techniques, such as multiplexing, packetization, error control, synchronization, encryption, authentication, and watermarking.

Standards of Multimedia Compression and Communication

There are many standards that have been developed for multimedia compression and communication. Some of the most widely used standards are:

• Speech coding standards: These standards are designed to compress speech signals for applications such as telephony, voice over IP (VoIP), speech recognition, and speech synthesis. Some examples of speech coding standards are G.711 (PCM), G.726 (ADPCM), G.729 (CS-ACELP), G.723.1 (MP-MLQ/ACELP), AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate), AMR-WB (Wideband AMR), EVRC (Enhanced Variable Rate Codec), GSM-FR (Full Rate), GSM-EFR (Enhanced Full Rate), GSM-HR (Half Rate), GSM-AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate), iLBC (Internet Low Bitrate Codec), Opus (Interactive Speech and Audio Codec), SILK (Skype's Internet Low Bitrate Codec), and Speex (Free Speech Codec).

• Audio coding standards: These standards are designed to compress audio signals for applications such as music streaming, broadcasting, digital audio storage, and multimedia playback. Some examples of audio coding standards are MP3 (MPEG-1/2 Audio Layer III), AAC (Advanced Audio Coding), HE-AAC (High Efficiency AAC), Vorbis (Free Audio Codec), FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), ALAC (Apple Lossless Audio Codec), WMA (Windows Media Audio), AC-3 (Dolby Digital), E-AC-3 (Dolby Digital Plus), DTS (Digital Theater System), MPEG-4 ALS (Audio Lossless Coding), MPEG-4 SLS (Scalable Lossless Coding), MPEG-4 DST (Direct Stream Transfer), MPEG-H 3D Audio, and MPEG-D USAC (Unified Speech and Audio Coding).

• Image compression standards: These standards are designed to compress still images for applications such as digital photography, web browsing, printing, scanning, faxing, and medical imaging. Some examples of image compression standards are JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group), JPEG 2000 (Wavelet-based JPEG), JPEG XR (Extended Range JPEG), PNG (Portable Network Graphics), GIF (Graphics Interchange Format), TIFF (Tagged Image File Format), BMP (Bitmap Image File Format), WebP (Web Picture Format), HEIF (High Efficiency Image File Format), JBIG/JBIG2/JBIG-KIT (Bilevel Image Joint Experts Group) , DICOM/DICOMDIR/DICOM-SR (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) , and EXIF/XMP/IPTC (Exchangeable Image File Format/Extensible Metadata Platform/International Press Telecommunications Council) .

• Video compression standards: These standards are designed to compress video signals for applications such as video conferencing, video streaming, broadcasting, digital video storage, and multimedia playback. Some examples of video compression standards are H.261 (Video Coding for Audiovisual Services), H.262/MPEG-2 (Video Coding for Generic Audiovisual Services), H.263 (Video Coding for Low Bitrate Communication), H.264/MPEG-4 AVC (Advanced Video Coding), H.265/MPEG-H HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding), VP8/VP9 (Free Video Codec), AV1 (Alliance for Open Media Video Codec), MPEG-1 (Video Coding for CD-ROM), MPEG-4 Visual (Visual Coding for Multimedia Services), MPEG-4 MVC (Multiview Video Coding), MPEG-4 FGS (Fine Granularity Scalability), MPEG-4 LSR (Layered Shape Representation), MPEG-4 SAoC (Symbolic Audio Object Coding), MPEG-4 LASeR (Lightweight Application Scene Representation), and MPEG-VCI (Video Coding for Machines).

Ebooks on Multimedia Compression and Communication

There are many ebooks that cover the topics of multimedia compression and communication. Some of the ebooks that are available online are:

• Multimedia Communication Technology: Representation, Transmission and Identification of Multimedia Signals by Jens-Rainer Ohm. This ebook provides a self-contained, profound and systematic textbook on multimedia signal processing, analysis, coding, and communication. It covers the theoretical background of one- and multidimensional signal processing, statistical analysis and modeling, coding and information theory, as well as estimation and classification theory. It also presents the principles behind multimedia coding and indexing standards, such as MPEG-1/-2/-4/-7, JPEG, JPEG 2000, and H.264.

• Digital Compression for Multimedia: Principles and Standards by Jerry D. Gibson, Toby Berger, Tom Lookabaugh, Rich Baker, and David Lindbergh. This ebook provides an accessible guide to data compression standards and techniques and their applications. It covers the fundamental underpinnings of the most widely used compression methods for speech, audio, video, image, fax, and file compression. It also discusses the standards-compliant design alternatives and some noncompliant designs.

• Compression for Multimedia by Charilaos Christopoulos. This ebook provides a comprehensive introduction to the theory and practice of compression techniques for multimedia data. It covers the basic concepts of information theory, source coding, channel coding, quantization, transform coding, entropy coding, subband coding, wavelet coding, vector quantization, predictive coding, fractal coding, and video coding. It also describes the main compression standards for audio, image, and video data.

Conclusion

Multimedia compression and communication are important topics for multimedia systems, as they enable efficient storage, transmission, and processing of multimedia data. There are many principles and standards that have been developed for multimedia compression and communication. There are also many ebooks that cover these topics in depth. We hope that this article has given you a brief overview of multimedia compression and communication ebook 41.

References

• : Introduction (Chapter 1) - Compression for Multimedia

• : Multimedia Communication Technology - Springer

• : Digital Compression for Multimedia - Google Books

• : Compression for Multimedia by Charilaos Christopoulos

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