Useful links:
http://www.humintech.com/001/environment/information/company.html
Some highlights:
Phytoremediation (from Ancient Greek φυτο (phyto), meaning "plant", and Latin remedium, meaning "restoring balance") describes the treatment of environmental problems (bioremediation) through the use of plants that mitigate the environmental problem without the need to excavate the contaminant material and dispose of it elsewhere.
Phytoremediation consists of mitigating pollutant concentrations in contaminated soils, water, or air, with plants able to contain, degrade, or eliminate metals, pesticides, solvents,explosives, crude oil and its derivatives, and various other contaminants from the media that contain them.
“Our goal is to develop an eco-friendly technology to clean up
polluted soils using plants and microorganisms, like bacteria and
mushrooms. These organisms use oil as a source of food. They feed on it
and break it down, gradually decontaminating the soil. Heavy metals are a
different story, since they cannot be broken down. We want to use
microorganisms so that the heavy metals can be soaked up into the stems
and leaves of trees, which can then be harvested and incinerated. The
ash residue would be sent to processing centres. Our dream is to
eventually convert old industrial sites into community gardens, parks
and other clean and useful urban spaces.”
Advantages and limitations
• Advantages:
• the cost of the phytoremediation is lower than that of traditional processes both in situ and ex situ
• the plants can be easily monitored
• the possibility of the recovery and re-use of valuable metals (by companies specializing in “phyto mining”)
• it is potentially the least harmful method because it uses naturally occurring organisms and preserves the environment in a more natural state.
• Limitations:
• phytoremediation is limited to the surface area and depth occupied by the roots.
• slow growth and low biomass require a long-term commitment
• with plant-based systems of remediation, it is not possible to completely prevent the leaching of contaminants into the groundwater (without the complete removal of the contaminated ground, which in itself does not resolve the problem of contamination)
• the survival of the plants is affected by the toxicity of the contaminated land and the general condition of the soil.
• bio-accumulation of contaminants, especially metals, into the plants which then pass into the food chain, from primary level consumers upwards or requires the safe disposal of the affected plant material.
In Canada, soil remediation is a $30 billion market. In the last 10
years, the field has grown annually and the number of contaminated sites
discovered has almost doubled. According to the Government of Canada:
“Under its existing Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan (FCSAP), $245
million has already been allocated for federal contaminated sites in
2009 and 2010. These funds and the remaining $547 million FCSAP funds
will have contributed to the creation of close to 590 remediation
projects country wide by the end of 2011.” And that’s only the tip of
the iceberg!
Source: Invest in Canada