Whoever claims to have seen Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] in the world is a disbeliever - Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 51 of 170]

51: Whoever claims to have seen Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] in the world is a disbeliever.

Anyone who claims to have seen his Lord [ سبحانه و تعالى , Glorified and Exalted be He] in this world is a disbeliever in Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] the Mighty and Majestic. [1]

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NOTES

[1] That is, one who claims to have seen Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] whilst awake. Perhaps he is referring to the extreme Soofees and those who claim that Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] is within His creation or that it is possible to become at one with, or annihilated with, Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], or to those who claim that they have received knowledge and inspiration direct from Allah[ سبحانه و تعالى ] . High is Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] above, and far removed, from the claims they make.

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[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee (hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the Sunnah).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet (salla Allaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in Madeenah.

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[Additional Notes]

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[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 52 of 170]

52: Reflecting deeply upon Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] is an innovation.

Reflecting deeply about Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى , Glorified and Exalted be He] is an innovation, as Allahs Messenger [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] said, Reflect upon the creation and do not reflect upon Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], [1] since trying to reflect deeply about Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] causes doubt in the heart.

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NOTES

[1] Reported with this wording by Abush-Shaikh in al-Azamah (no.5) and Abul-Qaasim al-Asbahaanee in at-Targheeb (2/73, 174) from the marfoo hadeeth of Ibn Abbas [ رضى الله تعالى عنه , radiyallahu 'anhu, may Allaah be pleased with him ] and its sanad is weak. However, it has a witness in the hadeeth of Abdullah ibn Sallaam [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] in marfoo form reported by Abu Nuaym in al-Hilyah (6/66-67), which brings it to the level of hasan. It has further witnesses that are weak. Refer to Silsilatus-Saheehah (no.1788).

The reflection that is forbidden here is to try to reflect about Allahs [ سبحانه و تعالى ] self, asking how? and why? and so on. The hadeeth is also a reply to those who claim that the first obligation upon a person is to have doubt, or to reflect and ponder. However, it is not forbidden to reflect on Allahs [ سبحانه و تعالى ] creation, His [ سبحانه و تعالى ] dominion, the blessings that He [ سبحانه و تعالى ] has bestowed, His [ سبحانه و تعالى ] Greatness and His [ سبحانه و تعالى ] names and attributes.

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 53 of 170]

53: All of Allah's [ سبحانه و تعالى ] creation act upon His command.

Know that reptiles, beasts of prey and all creatures such as the tiny ant, the fly and the ant are all acting as they are commanded. They do not do anything except by the permission of Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى , Glorified and Exalted be He], the Blessed and the Most High.

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NOTES

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 54 of 170]

54: Allah's [ سبحانه و تعالى ] knowledge comprehends all matters: those that take place and those that do not.

To have Faith that Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى , Glorified and Exalted be He] knew whatever would be from the start of time and whatever would not be and that He [ سبحانه و تعالى ] fully enumerated and comprehended everything that was to be. Anyone who says, He [ سبحانه و تعالى ] did not know that which was or will be in existence, [1] has disbelieved in Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], the Most Sublime.

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NOTES

[1] This is the saying of Hishaam ibn al-Hakam, the leader of misguidance, who believed that Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], the Most Perfect, did not know anything until He [ سبحانه و تعالى ] created knowledge of it for Himself [ سبحانه و تعالى ]. This is clear disbelief.

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 55 of 170]

55: There is no marriage without a guardian.

There is no marriage except with a guardian (Walee) [1] and two just witnesses and a dower (Sadaaq/Mahr), whether it is a small amount or a large amount. As for a woman without a guardian, then the ruler is the guardian of one without a guardian.

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NOTES

[1] Abu Moosa [ رضى الله تعالى عنه , may Allah be pleased with him ] reported that the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] said, There is no marriage without the guardian (walee).

Reported by Abu Daawood (Eng. trans. 2/558/no.2080) and it is saheeh.

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 56 of 170]

56: Divorcing a wife three times makes her unlawful.

If a man divorces his wife three times, she is forbidden to him. (She) is not permissible for him unless she marries another man.

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NOTES

The Salaf would sometimes include matters of fiqh in their works on Aqeedah if they were matters where clear texts were present, yet people still held views contrary to these texts.

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ

In the Name of Allâh.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 57 of 170]

57: The blood of a Muslim is haraam except in three cases.

The blood of a Muslim who bears witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is His Slave and Messenger may not be spilt except in three cases: fornication after having been married; apostasy after faith and one who kills a Believer without right and so is executed for it [Note: It is very important to note that this punishment only applies in Muslim Lands under the authority of a Muslim Leader. It is not the responsibility of the individual Muslim to set-up this punishment. Outside of Muslim lands the local law must be obeyed.]. Apart from that, the Muslim’s blood is unlawful forever, until the Last Hour is established. [1]

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NOTES

[1] The wording of the hadeeth is, “The blood of a Muslim, who witnesses that none has the right to be worshipped except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, is not lawful except in three (cases): the married fornicator; a life for a life and the one who abandons his religion and leaves the Jamaa’ah.” Reported by al-Bukhaaree (Eng. trans. 9/10/no.17) and Muslim (Eng. trans. 3/898/no.4152).

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ

In the Name of Allâh.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 58 of 170]

58: Some of Allah's [ سبحانه و تعالى ] creation will come to an end, whilst others will remain, as He [ سبحانه و تعالى ] pleases.

Everything that Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى , Glorified and Exalted be He ] has decreed to come to an end will, indeed, end. Paradise and the Fire will not end, nor the Throne (‘Arsh), the Footstool (Kursee), the Pen (Qalam), the Horn (Soor) and the Preserved Tablet (Lawh). None of these things will ever perish. Then Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] will raise up the creation on the Day of Resurrection in the state in which He [ سبحانه و تعالى ] caused them to die. He [ سبحانه و تعالى ] will take account of them as He [ سبحانه و تعالى ] pleases, a group for Paradise and a group for the burning Fire, and He [ سبحانه و تعالى ] will say to the rest of creation which were not created to last, “Be dust.”

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NOTES

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ

In the Name of Allâh.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 59 of 170]

59: Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] will bring about Justice for all of His creation.

To have Faith in the retribution (Qisaas) on the Day of Resurrection between all of creation: humans, reptiles, beasts of prey and even between ants, until Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], the Mighty and Majestic, brings about justice for all of them from each other: the people of Paradise from the people of the Fire, the people of the Fire from the people of Paradise, the people of Paradise from each other and the people of the Fire from each other. [1]

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NOTES

[1] There occurs in the hadeeth, “It is not fitting for any of the people of Paradise to enter Paradise whilst there is a right due from him to a person of the people of the Fire, until I exact from him for him, even a slap.” We (the Companions) said, “How, when we are to come to Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], the Mighty and Majestic, barefooted, uncircumcised and naked?” He [ صلى الله عليه و سلم  ,  may Allah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] said, “With good and bad deeds.”
Reported by Ahmad, al-Bukhaaree in al-Adabul-Mufrad (no.970) and al-Haakim declared it saheeh and adh-Dhahabee agreed. Shaikh al-Albaanee declared the hadeeth to be hasan.

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ

In the Name of Allâh.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 60 of 170]

60: The actions of the slaves must be done with sincerity for Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], without shirk.

To make actions purely and sincerely for Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى , Glorified and Exalted be He ].

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NOTES

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ

In the Name of Allâh.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 61 of 170]

61: One must accept and be pleased with the decree of Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ].

To be pleased with the decree of Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى , Glorified and Exalted be He ], to have patience with the Judgement of Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], to believe in whatever Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], the Mighty and Majestic, has said and to believe in all that Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] has pre-decreed, the good and the bad and the sweet and the bitter. Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] knew what the servants were going to do and to where they were heading. They cannot escape the Knowledge of Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ]. There is nothing in the earths or in the heavens except that Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], the Most High, knows it. You should know that whatever befalls you was never going to miss you and whatever missed you was never going to befall you. [1] There is no creator besides Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ], the Mighty and Majestic. [2]

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NOTES

[1] There occurs in the hadeeth narrated by Ibn ‘Abbaas [رضى الله تعالى عنه  ,  may Allah be pleased with him ], “…know that if the Ummah gathered together to benefit you with something, they could not benefit you unless Allah had written it down for you and if they gathered to harm you with something, they could not do so unless Allah had written it down for you. The pens have been raised and the scrolls have dried.” Reported by at-Tirmidhee (no.2518), who declared it hasan-saheeh. Refer to an-Nawawee’s Forty Hadeeth (no.19).

To have Faith in Allah’s [ سبحانه و تعالى ] pre-decree (Qadr) is one of the Pillars of Faith. Whoever rejects it is not a Believer. It has four principles:

That Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] knew everything that would ever be
That Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] wrote everything that would ever be in the Preserved Tablet
That Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] willed whatever occurs and
That Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] created everything.

For a more detailed explanation of these principles refer to Faith in Predestination.

[2] This is to emphasise that Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] creates everything, including man’s actions. Unlike the Qadariyyah (the deniers of Qadr), who believe that man creates his own actions, just as the Magians believed in two creators: a creator of good and a creator of evil. The Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم  ,  may Allah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] foretold the appearance of this sect, when he said, “The Qadariyyah are the Magians of this ummah. If they fall ill, do not visit them and if they die then do not attend their funeral.” Reported by Abu Daawood. Shaikh al-Albaanee declared the hadeeth to be hasan in Saheehul-Jaami’. Concerning a person’s actions, Allah the Most High, says:

"While Allâh has created you and what you make!"
Soorah Saaffaat (37): 96

Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] alone is the creator of everything, including man’s actions. However, He [ سبحانه و تعالى ] gave man limited free will to choose between good and evil. Furthermore, He [ سبحانه و تعالى ], the Most High, sent His Messengers to call to goodness and to that which leads to Paradise and to warn against evil and that which leads to Hell-Fire. So man earns, and is fully responsible for, his own actions. Imaam al-Bukhaaree wrote a whole book entitled Khalq Af’aalul-‘Ibaad (The actions of the servants are created) on this subject.

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ

In the Name of Allâh.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 62 of 170]

62: The funeral prayer consists of four takbeers.

Four Takbeers are to be said for the Janaazah Prayer. This is the saying of Maalik ibn Anas, Sufyaan ath-Thawri, al-Hasan ibn Saalih, Ahmad ibn Hanbal and the scholars and it was the saying of the Messenger of Allah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ]. [1]

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NOTES

[1] Al-Bukhaaree (Eng. trans. 2/233/no.417) and Muslim (Eng. trans. 2/453/no.2084). Both report that he (saw) said four takbeers over an-Najaashee. Refer to Ahkaamul-Janaa’iz of Shaikh al-Albaanee (p.11).

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Additional Notes

Amongst the many reports in Saheeh Bukhari and Saheeh Muslim:

Narrated Abu Huraira  [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ,  may Allah be pleased with him ]:
The Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] informed his companions about the death of An-najashi and then he [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] went ahead (to lead the prayer) and the people lined up behind him [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] in rows and he [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said four Takbir.
Recorded in Saheeh Bukhari.


Abu Huraira  [رضى الله تعالى عنه ] reported: The Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] gave us the news of the death of Negus, the ruler of Abyssinia, on the day when he died, and he [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said (to us): Beg pardon for your brother. Ibn Shihab said that Sa'id b. Musayyib had told that Abu Huraira [رضى الله تعالى عنه ] had narrated to him that the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] drew them up in a row in a place of prayer, and offered prayer and recited four takbirs for him.

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim.

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[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ

In the Name of Allâh.

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 63 of 170]

63: An angel descends with every raindrop.

To have Faith that with every raindrop there is an angel who descends with it until he places it where Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has ordered. [1]

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NOTES

[1] This is reported as the saying of al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaibah (a taabi’ee who died in 115H), reported by at-Tabaree in his Tafseer (14/19), with a saheeh isnaad. It is also reported as the saying of al-Hasan al-Basree (d.110H) by Abush-Shaikh in al-‘Azamah (no.761), with a hasan isnaad.

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Additional Notes

Some of the verifiers, they mention that this point: “Along with each raindrop, there is an angel to bring it down,” then this is reported by Ibn Jareer At-Tabariyy in his Tafseer and Abu Shaykh in his book Al-`Azama as being a saying of one of the Taabi`een, Al-Hakam Ibn `Utaybah as being his saying and likewise reported by Abu Shaykh in his book Al-`Azama as also being the saying of another Taabi`ee Al-Hasan al-Basree.

And as for Shaykh Saalih As-Suhaymee hafizahullaah then he mentions this report is reported from some of the Salaf and it does not contradict any text.

As for the explanation of Shaykh Ahmad an-Najmee rahimahullaah on this point, “There occurs in the footnote (to the earlier edition) that it is reported from Ibn Abbaas radiyAllaahu `anhuma that he said:

“There is no plant upon the land nor in the sea except there is an angel entrusted with it to write down whatever leaf or the like falls away from it.”

(Refer to the Tafseer of Ibn Katheer) and the person doing the footnotes said so this proves even more so this matter here (meaning there must be an angel for every raindrop as well).”

Shaykh Ahmad criticised this saying and said, “This is questionable from  two aspects;

firstly, that it is not established from the Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam as far as I know.

Secondly, that even this report here that’s quoted from Ibn Abbaas, the indication of this report as being proof for what author Baarbahaaree mentioned “along with every raindrop that descends, an angel comes down until he places it wherever Allaah, the Mighty and Majestic commanded him to,” is not clear since the report mentions writing down whatever is going to fall from that plant where as the issue here is with every raindrop coming down with an angel appointed to bring it down until he places it, meaning something different.

And we believe in the ability of Allaah, the Mighty and Majestic and we believe that Allaah knows every leaf that falls and every raindrop that falls from rain, knows where it’s going to fall. However, the coming down of an angel along with every raindrop until he places it in its place, this is a matter that is not established from the Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa sallam. So, I say this point is questionable and Allaah is the one who grants success.”

—

Ithaaful-Qaaree bit-Ta`leeqaat `alaa Sharhis-Sunnah
(A Gift To The Reader In Annotation Of Sharh As-Sunnah)
by Shaykh Saalih ibn Fowzaan al-Fowzaan hafizahullaah
Translated by Aboo Talhah Daawood Burbank, rahimahullaah

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Shaykh Rabee bin Hadi al-Madkhali -Hafidhullaah- said:

‘As for the point:

‘Having Eemaan that there is an Angel with every rain drop which descends from the sky until it falls where Allaah -Azza wa Jal – commands it to.’

‘As for what the author -rahimullaah- mentioned that with every rain drop there is an Angel, then this is not inconceivable of Allaah’s capability and the extent of His Dominion and the multitude of His soldiers from the Angels and other than them.

( ولله جنود السماوات والأرض وكان الله عليما حكيما)

《And to Allah belong the hosts of the heavens and the earth, and Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise.》[Al-Fath: 4]

However, I have not come across an evidence from the Qur’aan or the Sunnah and this issue is from the Unseen matters. Something similar has been conveyed from al-Hasan and al-Hakm bin Utayba.

I fear that this has been taken from the Israeliyaat, I fear that this has been taken from the narrations of Israeliyaa, so Allaah knows best, however, there is not a hadeeth established from the Prophet -alayhi as Sallat wa Sallam.

[Awn al-Bari bayan ma Tadumunhu Sharh Sunnah lil-Barbahari 1/390-391]

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