Eemaan (Faith) comprises of speech, action and beliefs and it increases and decreases - Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 27 of 170]

27: Eemaan (Faith) comprises of speech, action and beliefs and it increases and decreases.

To have Faith that Eemaan (Faith) comprises of speech, action and beliefs. It increases and decreases. It increases as Allah wills and may decrease to the extent that nothing remains of it [1].

 

______________________________

NOTES

1. Al-Laalikaaee reports, in Sharh Usool Itiqaad Ahlis-Sunnah (5/958/no.1737), that Abd ar-Razzaaq (as-Sanaanee) said, I met seventy Shaikhs, from amongst them are Mamar, al-Awzaaee, ath-Thawree, al-Waleed ibn Muhammad al-Quraashee, Yazeed ibn as-Saaib, Hammaad ibn Salamah, Hammaad ibn Zayd, Sufyaan ibn Uyainah, Shuayb ibn Harb, Wakee ibn al-Jarrah, Maalik ibn Anas, Ibn Abee Laylaa, Ismaeel ibn Ayyaash, al-Waleed ibn Muslim and those I have not named, all of them saying: Faith is saying and action, it increases and decreases.

Abdullah ibn Ahmad reports in as-Sunnah (no.612): My father narrated to me: Abu Salamah al-Khuzaaee related to us, saying, Maalik, Shareek, Abu Bakr ibn Ayyaash, Abdul-Azeez ibn Abee Salamah, Hammaad ibn Salamah and Hammaad ibn Zayd said, Faith is conviction, declaration and action.

Al-Laalikaaee reports (5/959/no.1740) that Uqbah ibn Alqamah said: I asked al-Awzaaee about Faith; can it increase? He said, Yes, until it becomes like the mountains. I said, Can it decrease? He said, Yes, even until nothing remains of it.

Amongst the verses quoted by the scholars as proof for the fact that faith increases are: Aayah 173 of Soorah Aali-Imraan, Aayah 4 of Soorah al-Fath and Aayah 124 of Soorah at-Tawbah.

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee (hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the Sunnah).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet (salla Allaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in Madeenah.

______________________________

[Additional Information collected from various sources by the Maidenhead_Dawah Team]

Additional information from various The Qur'an, sources of hadeeth of the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam] and a number of books of Aqeedah (Creed) are attached for those interested in further reading.

______________________________

[Additional Notes]

The extracts from this book are being provided for beneficial knowledge of the religion of Islam in order to benefit a large number of people inshaaAllaah. It is hoped by making material available that this will encourage brothers and sisters to seek knowledge of the deen and purchase authentic books of knowledge, listen to lectures from the scholars and eventually sit with scholars inshaaAllaah.

You are advised to purchase the book "Interpretation of the Meaning of The Noble Qur'aan in the English Language" By Dr. Muhammad Taqiuddeen al-Hilaalee, Ph.D. and Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan" and "Abridged Tafsir Ibn Kathir - English Edition Published By Darussalam" in order to build your own Islamic Library at home so that you can easily reference authentic publications.

You are encouraged to buy a detailed explanation of this book by Shaykh Dr. Saalih Ibn Fowzaan Ibn 'Abdullaah Ibn Fowzaan (hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the Sunnah).

Some of the scholars have said that there should be some leniency in spreading knowledge of the Religion of Islam and it is with this in mind that this post has been put together with as much of the details of the book being provided as necessary to aid the reader.

Please respect the rights of the organisations and individuals involved in producing this book. Further details on the issue of copyright and ownership are available here:
http://www.bakkah.net/interactive/q&a/aamb080-copyrights-translations-intellectual-property.htm

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 28 of 170]

28: The best of the Companions of Allah's Messenger.

The best of this Ummah, after the passing away of its Prophet, is Abu Bakr, and then Umar, and then Uthmaan. This is what is reported to us from Ibn Umar, who said, We used to say, whilst Allahs Messenger was amongst us, The best of people after the Messenger of Allah is Abu Bakr, then Umar, thenUthmaan. The Prophet would hear of that and not criticise it.[1] Then the best of people after them are Alee, Talhah, az-Zubayr, Sad ibn Abee Waqqaas, Saeed ibn Zayd, Abdur-Rahmaan ibn Awf and Abu Ubaidah Aamir ibn al-Jarrah. All of them were suitable to be Khaleefah. Then the best of people after them are the (rest of the) Companions of the Messenger of Allah, the first generation amongst whom he was sent, the first Muhaajirs and Ansaar, those who prayed towards both qiblahs, then the best of people after them are those who accompanied the Messenger of Allah for a day, a month, a year or less or more than that. We ask Allah to have mercy upon them. We mention their virtues and remain silent about any mistakes they made and we do not speak about a single one of them except favourably, as the Messenger of Allah said, When my Companions are mentioned then withhold, [2] Sufyaan ibn Uyainah [3] said, He who speaks a single word against the Companions of Allahs Messenger is an innovator. [4]

 

______________________________

NOTES

1. This is reported by al-Bukhaaree (5/6/no.7), Ahmad in Fadaailus-Sahaabah (no.570) and as-Sunnah of Abdullah ibn Ahmad (pp.574-578).

2. Saheeh: reported by at-Tabaraanee from Ibn Masood, from the Prophet. See Silsilatul-Ahaadeeth as-Saheehah (no.34) of Shaikh al-Albaanee.

3. Shaikhul-Islaam, Sufyaan ibn Uyainah was a Taabiut-Taabieen. He was born in 107H, in Makkah and died in 198H.

4. In the printed edition, after the saying of Sufyaan, there occurs: The Prophet said, My Companions are like the stars; whichever of them you follow, you will be guided. This narration is a fabrication. Refer to Silsilatul-Ahaadeeth ad-Daeefah (no.58) and The Prophets Prayer Described, by Shaikh al-Albaanee (pp.94-96).

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee (hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the Sunnah).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet (salla Allaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in Madeenah.

______________________________

[Additional Information collected from various sources by the Maidenhead_Dawah Team]

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 29 of 170]

29: To obey the rulers in that which Allah loves and is pleased with.

To hear and obey the rulers in that which Allah loves and is pleased with. Whoever becomes Khaleefah through the consensus of the people and their being pleased with him, he is the Chief of the Believers (Ameerul-Mumineen).

 

______________________________

NOTES - from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the Sunnah).

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله ,  hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the Sunnah).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet (salla Allaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in Madeenah.

______________________________

[Additional Information collected from various sources by the Maidenhead_Dawah Team]

Proofs from the Qur'an

Allah Says:

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ ۖ فَإِن تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِن كُنتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلًا

"O you who believe! Obey Allâh and obey the Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]), and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority. (And) if you differ in anything amongst yourselves, refer it to Allâh and His Messenger [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam], if you believe in Allâh and in the Last Day. That is better and more suitable for final determination."

The Qur'an, Surah an-Nisaa 004, Verse 059.

 

al-Mubarakfuri [rahimahullaah, died 1426AH] summarised the explanation of these verses from Tafsir Ibn Kathir which was written by the notable scholar Ibn Kathir [rahimahullaah, died 774AH] as follows:

“This is why Allah said,

(Obey Allah) adhere to His Book,

 

(and obey the Messenger) adhere to his Sunnah,

 

(And those of you who are in authority) in the obedience to Allah which they command you, not what constitutes disobedience of Allah, for there is no obedience to anyone in disobedience to Allah, as we mentioned in the authentic Hadith,

 

"Obedience is only in righteousness."

al-Misbaah al-Muneer of al-Mubarakfuri [Abridged Tafsir Ibn Kathir - English Edition Published By Darussalam]

Statements of the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] - Obdience in what Allah ordered is required even if they do not implement the laws of Islam

It has been narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Umar [ رضى الله تعالى عنه , radiyallahu 'anhu, may Allaah be pleased with him ] that the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] said: "It is obligatory upon a Muslim that he should listen (to the ruler appointed over him) and obey him whether he likes it or not, except that he is ordered to do a sinful thing. If he is ordered to do a sinful act, a Muslim should neither listen to him nor should he obey his orders."

[Recorded in Sahih Muslim]

It has been narrated on the authority of 'Auf b. Malik [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] that the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said: "The best of your rulers are those whom you love and who love you, who invoke Allaah's blessings upon you and you invoke His blessings upon them. And the worst of your rulers are those whom you hate and who hate you and whom you curse and who curse you. It was asked (by those present): Shouldn't we overthrow them with the help of the sword? He said: No, as long as they establish prayer among you. If you then find anything detestable in them. You should hate their administration, but do not withdraw yourselves from their obedience.

[Recorded in Sahih Muslim]

 

It has been narrated on the authority of Alqama b. Wai'l al-Hadrami who learnt the tradition from his father. The latter said: Salama b. Yazid al-ju'afi asked the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ]: Prophet of Allaah, what do you think if we have rulers who rule over us and demand that we discharge our obligations towards them, but they (themselves) do not discharge their own responsibilities towards us? What do you order us to do? The Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) avoided giving any answer. Salama asked him again. He (again) avoided giving any answer. Then he asked again-it was the second time or the third time-when Ash'ath b. Qais (finding that the Prophet was unnecessarily being pressed for answer) pulled him aside and said: Listen to them and obey them, for on them shall he their burden and on you shall be your burden.

[Recorded in Sahih Muslim]

[Note The key here is establishing the prayer and not committing absolute kufr upon knowledge which expels from the deen. Ruling by other than the Shariah as long as one does not believe this is superior to the Shariah is kufr but not the kind that expels from the religion]

The Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said, "There will come leaders who will not follow my guidance and will not follow my sunnah. There will be amongst them men who will have the hearts of devil and bodies of humans." 

Hudhaifah asked, "What shall I do, o Messenger of Allaah if I reach that?" 

He [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] replied, "you should hear and obey the ruler even if he flogs your backs and takes your wealth, then still hear and obey."

[Reported by Muslim (Eng. trans Vol 3/1029/34554)]

The Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said, “ Whosoever sees something from his leader of sin, then let him hate whatever occurs from sin. And let him not remove his hand from obedience, since whoever removes his hand from disobedience and splits off from the Jamaa’ah (united body), then he dies the death of Jaahiliyyah (pre-Islaamic times of ignorance).’’ 

[al-Bukhaaree (13/5) and Muslim (no. 1849)]

The Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said, ‘‘There are three things towards which the heart of a Muslim never shows hatred or rancour: Making one’s action sincerely for Allaah; giving obedience to the rulers (wulaatul-umoor); and sticking to the Jamaa’ah (united body).” 

[Ahmed and Tirmidhi]

The Messenger of Allah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said, "Whoever desires to advise the one with authority then he should not do so openly, rather he should take him by the hand and take him into seclusion (and then advise him). And if he accepts (the advice) from him then (he has achieved his objective) and if not, then he has fulfilled that which was a duty upon him." 

(Reported by Ahmad (3/403) and Ibn Abee 'Aasim (2/521) with a Saheeh isnaad.)

Statements of the Noble Companions

Suwayd b. Ghaflah reports that ‘Umar b. Al-Khattâb [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] once took him by the hand and said:

O Abû Umayah, by Allâh, I know not if we will meet again after today. Fear and obey Allâh your Lord until the Day of Resurrection, as if you see Him, and obey the ruler (imâm) even if he is a cut-nosed Abyssinian slave: if he beats you, be patient; if he robs you, be patient and if he belittles you, be patient. And if he tells you [to do something] to the detriment of your religion (to sin), say: “I hear and obey, [but] my blood goes before my religion.” Never leave the Main Muslim Body (Al-Jamâ’ah).

Ibn Zanjawayh, Kitâb Al-Amwâl article 30; Ibn Abî Zamanîn, Usûl Al-Sunnah article 205 with a slight variation in wording. Also recorded in other collections.

Anas ibn Maalik [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said, “The senior amongst the Companions of Allaah’s Messenger (swallallahu alaihi wasallam) forbade us (saying), ‘Do not revile your Rulers (Umaraa), not act dishonestly with them, nor hate them and have taqwaa of Allaah and be patient — for verily the matter is close (at hand).” 

[As-Sunnah of Ibn Abee ‘Aasim, 2/488]

Aboo Dardaa [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said, “Verily, the first (appearance) is the hypocrisy of a man is his censure and rebuke of his Ruler (Imaam).” 

[At-Tamheed 21/287]

Abud-Dardaa [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said, “Beware of cursing the Rulers (Wullaat), for verily, cursing them is clipping (i.e., of the religion) and hating them is barrenness.” 

It was said, ‘0 Aboo Dardaa, then how should we behave when we see in them that which we do not like?’ 

He said, “Have patience, for verily, when Allaah sees that from you He will take them away from you with death.” 

[As-Sunnah, 2/488]

Aboo Jamrah ad-Duba’iyy said, “When news of the burning of the House reached me, I left for Makkah and visited Ibn ‘Abbaas (there) frequently until he recognised me and was amicable to me. Then I reviled al-Hajjaaj in the presence of Ibn ‘Abbaas and he said, ‘Do not be a helper to Shaytaan.” 

[At-Taareekh Al-Kabeer of Imaam al-Bukhaaree]

Ziyaad ibn Kusaib al-Adawiyy (rahimahullaah) said, “I was with Aboo Bakrah beneath the minbar (pulpit) of Ibn Aamir. He was giving a speech and was wearing a fine garment. So Aboo Bilaal said,‘Look at our ameer wearing the garment of the disobedient.’ Then Aboo Bakrah [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said, “Be silent. I heard the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] say, ‘Whoever demeans the sultaan (ruler) of Allaah upon the earth Allaah will humiliate him.” 

[Sunan of at-Tirmidhee, no. 2225]

Ibn Abee Shaibah (rahimahullaah) said, “Ibn ‘Uyainah narrated to us from Ibraaheem ibn Maisarah from Taawoos who said, ‘The Rulers were mentioned in the presence of Ibn ‘Abbaas [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] and a man amongst them began to censure them. He continued to arrogate himself, standing and stretching out his neck in doing this until I did not see in the House (i.e., the Haram) a man taller than him. Then I heard Ibn ‘Abbaas say, ‘Do not make yourself a trial for a wrongdoing people.’ Then the man constricted himself and I did not see in the House a man shorter than him.” 

[Musannaf, 15/75]

______________________________

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 30 of 170]

30: It is not permissible to spend a night thinking that one has no Imaam.

It is, therefore, not permissible for anyone to spend a single night thinking that he has no Imaam over him, whether he (the Imaam) be righteous or wicked.

 

______________________________

NOTES - from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the Sunnah).

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله ,  hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the Sunnah).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet (salla Allaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in Madeenah.

______________________________

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 31 of 170]

31: The prayer is performed behind the rulers and Hajj and Jihaad are carried out with them.

The Hajj and Jihaad are to be carried out under his leadership. Jumuah prayer behind them (i.e. the wicked rulers)[1] is allowed and, after it, six rakahs should be prayed, splitting it into sets of two rakahs. This is the saying of Ahmad ibn Hanbal[2].

 

______________________________

NOTES

1. Ubaydullaah ibn Adiyy ibn Khiyaar reports: I went to Uthmaan (radiallaahu anhu), whilst he was being besieged and I said to him: You are the ruler of the Muslims in general and you see what has befallen you. We are being led in prayer by a leader of insurrection and we are afraid of being sinful. So Uthmaan said, The prayer is the best of actions which people do so, when the people do good deeds, do good along with them. When they do evil, avoid their evil. Reported by al-Bukhaaree (Eng. trans. 1/376/ch.56).

2. Abdullaah ibn Ahmad ibn Hanbal reports in his Masaail (no.446): I asked my father how many (rakahs) should I pray after Jumuah. He said, If you wish, pray four (rakahs) or, if you wish, pray six rakahs, in twos; that is what I prefer, but, if you pray four, there is no harm. Abu Dawood reports in his Masaail (p.59): I heard Ahmad say, (Regarding) prayer after Jumuah, if one prays four, good. If one prays two, good, and if one prays six, good.

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee (hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the Sunnah).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet (salla Allaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in Madeenah.

______________________________

[Additional Information collected from various sources by the Maidenhead_Dawah Team]

Additional information from a number of books of Aqeedah (Creed) are attached for those interested in further reading.

________________________________________

Sufayaan Ath-Thawree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah May Allah have Mercy on him, died 167AH ) said:

"...

O Shu’ayb, what you have written will not benefit you until you hold that prayer is to be performed behind every righteous or sinful person.

- hold that Jihaad is always operative until the Day of Judgement.

- hold that patience is necessary under the flag (i.e. leadership) of the Ruler (sultaan) whether he is an oppressor or just.

Shu’ayb said: “So I said to Sufyaan: O Abu Abdullaah, is that all of the prayers?”

He replied: “No, but the Jumu’ah prayer and the prayer of the two Eids. Pray these behind whomever you meet. But as for all of the prayers (i.e. the daily prayers) then you have a choice in that matter. Do not pray except behind one in whom you can place your trust and whom you know to be from Ahl us-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah.

..."

This creed is mentioned by the Imaam, al-Laalikaa’ee in his remarkable book ‘Sharh Usool I’tiqaad Ahl us-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah (1/151-154) with his chain of narration leading back to Sufyaan ath-Thawree - may Allaah have mercy upon him. From the book, I’tiqaad A’immatil-Hadeeth), taken from 'Mountains of Knowledge'.

________________________________________

Imam Muzani ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 264AH ) said:

"...

Prayer behind the Leaders and Jihad and Hajj Along with Them

And the Friday Prayer must not be abandoned and praying it behind the righteous and sinful person of this Ummah is binding, as long as he is free from innovation. So if he innovates misguidance, then there is no prayer behind him. And Jihad and the Hajj (Pilgrimage) must be performed along with every leader, regardless of whether he is just or oppressive.

..."

Sharhus Sunnah 

By Imam Muzani ( رحمه الله , may Allaah have mercy on him)

________________________________________

The Creed of the Two Raazee Imaams:

Aboo Zur’ah ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 264 H.) and Aboo Haatim ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 277 H.)

This is the creed of the two Raazee Imaams: Aboo Zur’ah ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 264 H.) and Aboo Haatim ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 277 H.) may Allaah have mercy upon them both; transmitted by Imaam Ibn Aboo Haatim Ar-Raazee ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 327 H.) may Allaah have mercy upon him.

"...

22. We maintain the obligation of Jihaad and the Hajj along with the leaders of the Muslims in every era and time. We do not see (the permissibility) of rebellion against the leaders, nor fighting in times of Fitnah. We hear and obey he who Allaah has placed in charge of our affair and we do not remove the hand from obedience (to the ruler). That Jihaad is ongoing since Allaah sent His Prophet up until the establishment of the hour with those who are in charge of the affairs from the leaders of the Muslims; nothing nullifies it. Likewise is the Hajj, payment of the charity from the livestock to those in charge of the affair from the leaders of the Muslims.

..."

http://www.salafitalk.com/threads/308

________________________________________

Imaam at-Tahaawiyyah ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 321AH ) said:

"...

77. Hajj and jihad under the leadership of those in charge of the Muslims, whether they are right or wrong-acting, are continuing obligations until the Last Hour comes. Nothing can annul or controvert them.

..."

Aqeedatut-Tahaawiyyah By Imaam at-Tahaawiyyah.

________________________________________

Imaam Abu Hasan al-'Ash'ari ( رحمه الله , may Allaah have mercy on him died 324AH) said:

"...

It belongs to the our religion to observe the Friday Assembly, and the feasts, and the remaining prayers and public devotions under the leadership of every pious man or impious (as it is related of `AbdAllaah ibn Umar that he used to pray behind al-Hajjaj ibn-yusuf);

..."

Al-Ibaanah An usool Ad Diyaanah.

http://www.salafipublications.com/sps/sp.cfm/frm/sad/nbq/frm/images/sp.cfm?subsecID=GSC06&articleID=AQD060002&articlePages=1

________________________________________

Imaam Muwaffaq-ud-Deen Ibn Qudaamah Al-Maqdisee ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 620AH ) said:

"...

We hold that Hajj and Jihaad are everlasting along with the obedience to every leader,

whether he is righteous or evil. In addition, praying behind them (in congregation) is

permissible.

..."

Sufficiency in Creed

Published by Al-Ibaanah Book Publishing - eBooks

________________________________________

Ibn Taymiyyah ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 728AH ) said:

"...

By these fundamentals, then, they bid good deeds and forbid objectionable deeds in accordance with what the Shari'ah ordains. And they believe in practicing Hajj (pilgrimage) and Jihad (struggle for the cause of Allah), in attending Friday communal prayers and the holidays with the leaders, be they pious or wicked, and in observing the community prayers.

..."

Al-'Aqidah Al-Wasitiyah

http://www.aqeedah.info/

______________________________

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 32 of 170]

32: Khilaafah will remain within the Quraish until the descent of Eesaa [ عليه السلام ].

Khilaafah will remain within Quraish until Eesaa ibn Maryam [ عليه السلام , alaihis salaam, peace be upon him] descends [1].

 

______________________________

NOTES

1. Muaawiyah [ رضى الله تعالى عنه , radiyallahu 'anhu, may Allaah be pleased with him ] reports that Allahs Messenger [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] said, This affair (Khilaafah) will remain with the Quraish. None will rebel against them except that Allah will throw him down upon his face, as long as they establish the religion. 

Reported by al-Bukhaaree.

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee (hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the Sunnah).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet (salla Allaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in Madeenah.

______________________________

[Additional Information collected from various sources by the Maidenhead_Dawah Team]

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 33 of 170]

33: Whoever rebels against a Muslim ruler is one of the Khawaarij..

Whoever rebels against a Muslim ruler is one of the Khawaarij, has caused dissent within the Muslims and has contradicted the narrations and dies a death of the days of ignorance (Jaahiliyyah).

 

______________________________

NOTES - from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth)

1. The Khawaarij are a group who first appeared in the time of Alee [ رضى الله تعالى عنه , radiyallahu 'anhu, may Allaah be pleased with him ]. They split from his army and began the grave innovation of Takfeer (declaring Muslims, rulers or the ruled, in their view guilty of major sins, to be disbelievers). The Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] warned against them in many authentic ahaadeeth: The Khawaarij are the dogs of the Fire. Reported by Ahmad and it is saheeh. He also informed us that they would continue to appear until the end of this world, saying, A group will appear reciting the Quraan, but it will not pass beyond their throats. Every time a group appears, it is to be cut off, until the Dajjaal appears within them. Reported by Ibn Maajah and it is hasan. Refer to Silsilatul-Ahaadeeth as-Saheehah (no.2455).

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] in Madeenah.

______________________________

[Additional Information collected from various sources by the Maidenhead_Dawah Team]

Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى , Subhanahu wa Ta'ala, Glorified and Exalted be He] says,

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ ۖ فَإِن تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِن كُنتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلًا

"O you who believe! Obey Allâh and obey the Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]), and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority. (And) if you differ in anything amongst yourselves, refer it to Allâh and His Messenger [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam], if you believe in Allâh and in the Last Day. That is better and more suitable for final determination."

[ القرآن الكريم The Noble Qur'aan,  سورة النساء  Soorah an-Nisaa. - (The Women) 004, Verse 059 ]

[Translation - "Interpretation of the Meaning of The Noble Qur'aan in the English Language" By Dr. Muhammad Taqiuddeen al-Hilaalee, Ph.D. and Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan, Published By Darussalam.]

It is narrated on the authority of Tamim ad-Dari that the Prophet of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] observed: Al-Din is a name of sincerity and well wishing. Upon this we said: For whom? He replied: For Allaah, His Book, His Messenger and for the leaders and the general Muslims.

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim. This Hadeeth is also one of the Forty Hadeeth in Imam Nawawi's Collection of Forty Hadeeth.

It has been narrated on the authority of 'Auf b. Malik that the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said: The best of your rulers are those whom you love and who love you, who invoke God's blessings upon you and you invoke His blessings upon them. And the worst of your rulers are those whom you hate and who hate you and whom you curse and who curse you. It was asked (by those present): Shouldn't we overthrow them with the help of the sword? He said: No, as long as they establish prayer among you. If you then find anything detestable in them. You should hate their administration, but do not withdraw yourselves from their obedience.

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim.

It has been narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said: It is obligatory upon a Muslim that he should listen (to the ruler appointed over him) and obey him whether he likes it or not, except that he is ordered to do a sinful thing. If he is ordered to do a sinful act, a Muslim should neither. listen to him nor should he obey his orders.

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim.

It has been narrated on the authority of Alqama b. Wai'l al-Hadrami who learnt the tradition from his father. The latter said: Salama b. Yazid al-ju'afi asked the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ]: Prophet of Allaah, what do you think if we have rulers who rule over us and demand that we discharge our obligations towards them, but they (themselves) do not discharge their own responsibilities towards us? What do you order us to do? The Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) avoided giving any answer. Salama asked him again. He (again) avoided giving any answer. Then he asked again-it was the second time or the third time-when Ash'ath b. Qais (finding that the Prophet was unnecessarily being pressed for answer) pulled him aside and said: Listen to them and obey them, for on them shall he their burden and on you shall be your burden.

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim.

Ibn 'Umar narrated that the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said:   

Oh Muhajirin! [These are] five matters, if you are afflicted with them, (then you will be afflicted by the punishment that I will mention). And I seek refuge in Allaah from them befalling you. Never does indecency become apparent amongst a people and they outwardly practice it except that plagues and diseases will spread amongst them that were not present amongst their forefathers who have passed. Never do a people practice fraudulence with the scales except that they will be afflicted with famine, severe economic hardship, and the evil of the ruler will afflict them. 

Never do a people withhold the Zakaah of their wealth except that they will be prevented from a drop of rain from the heavens. If it wasn't for the animals they would not be given rain. 

Never do a people breach the covenant of Allaah and His Messenger except that Allaah will place their enemies over them from other than themselves. They will take some of that which is in their hands. 

Never do their leaders leave off ruling by that which Allaah has revealed and choosing from that which Allaah has sent down except that Allaah will place the harm between them.

Recorded by Ibn Maajah and Ahmad. Authenticated by al-Albaani.

Note: The hadeeth on this subject are too numerous to list in their entirety. The true scholars of Islam through the centuries have written many books on this subject warning the Muslims not to rebel against the Muslim leaders. In our time many people, mainly from the youth, have been deceived into thinking that the rebellion is permissible but as the Qur'an and Sunnah show it is prohibited to rebel unless clear kufr which expels from the religion is displayed by a leader and even then strict conditions must be met. For further guidance please refer to the books of aqeedah authored through the centuries by the true scholars of Islam to see that they spoke with one position on this subject.

______________________________

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 34 of 170]

34: It is neither permissible to fight the ruler or to rebel against him, even if he oppresses.

It is neither permissible to fight the ruler or to rebel against him, even if he oppresses. This is due to the saying of the Messenger of Allah to Abu Dharr al-Ghifaaree, Have patience, even if he is an Abyssinian slave[1] and his saying to the Ansaar, Have patience until you meet me at the Pool.[2] There is no fighting against the ruler in the Sunnah. It causes destruction of the religion and the worldly affairs.[3]

 

______________________________

NOTES - from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth)

1. Its like is reported by Muslim (Eng. trans., vol.3. nos.4525, 4526).

2. Reported by al-Bukhaaree (Eng. trans., vol.5, no.136) from the hadeeth of Usayd ibn al-Hudayr.

3. Hudhaifah [ رضى الله تعالى عنه , radiyallahu 'anhu, may Allaah be pleased with him ] reports, in a longer hadeeth, that the Messenger of Allah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said, There will come leaders who will not follow my guidance and will not follow my Sunnah. There will be amongst them men who will have the hearts of devils in the bodies of humans. He (Hudhaifah) asked, What shall I do, O Messenger of Allah, if I reach that? He replied, You should hear and obey the ruler, even if he flogs your back and takes your wealth, then still hear and obey. Reported by Muslim (Eng. trans. 3/1029/no.4554).

Al-Khallaal reports, in as-Sunnah (no.87), that: Abu Bakr related to us, saying, I heard Abu Abdullah (Imaam Ahmad) ordering that bloodshed be avoided and he strongly forbade rebellion.

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] in Madeenah.

______________________________

[Additional Information collected from various sources by the Maidenhead_Dawah Team]

The Sunnah Upon Which the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] Died

This treatise has been mentioned in Tabaqaatul-Hanaabilah, 1/130-131, in the biography of al-Hasan ibn Ismaa’eel ibn ar-Rab’iyy. Within this treatise is the mention of what ninety men from among the Taabi’een, the scholars of the Muslims and of the Salaf and the Jurists of the various cities have agreed upon in the matters of ‘aqeedah (creed).

"Ninety men from among the Taabi’een, the scholars of the Muslims and of the Salaf and the Jurists of the various cities are [unanimously] agreed that the Sunnah upon which the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] died is:

...

9. Having patience under the banner of the one in authority, in whatever condition he may be in, just or unjust.

10. That we do not set out [in revolt] against the Rulers with the sword, even if they are unjust and oppressive.

11. That we do not declare anyone from among the people of Tawheed a disbeliever even if they commit the major sins.

..."

Tabaqaatul-Hanaabilah, 1/130-131. 

A translation of this treatise is in Foundations of the Sunnah by Imam Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Hanbal d.241H, Translated by Salafi Publication.

__________________________________

It is reported that Al-Hasan Al-Basrî ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 110AH ) said:

If people called on Allâh when put to trial because of their rulers, Allâh would relieve their suffering; but instead they resorted to the sword, so they were left to it. And not one day of good did they bring.

Then he recited (Quran 7: 137):

And the good word of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel, for the patience and perseverance they had, and We destroyed the works of Pharaoh and his people and what they had erected.

Ibn Abî Hâtim, Al-Tafsîr no. 8897.

https://www.sayingsofthesalaf.net/supplication-or-the-sword-oppressive-rulers/

__________________________________

It is reported that Al-Hasan Al-Basrî ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 110AH ) said:

One who acts without knowledge is like one who travels off the path; and the one who acts without knowledge corrupts more than he rectifies. So seek knowledge in a way that does not harm your worship, and seek to worship [Allâh] in a way that does not harm [your seeking of] knowledge. For verily, there were people (the Khawârij extremists) who sought to worship [Allâh] but abandoned knowledge until they attacked the Ummah of Muhammad – Allâh’s praise and peace be upon him – with their swords. But if they had sought knowledge, it would not have directed them to do what they did.

Quoted by Ibn ‘Abd Al-Barr, Jâmi’ Bayân Al-‘Ilm wa Fadlihi article 905.

https://www.sayingsofthesalaf.net/ignorance-and-the-sword/

__________________________________

Abul-Hârith Ahmad b. Muhammad Al-Sâ`igh, the close and respected friend of Imâm Ahmad ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH ), reports:

I asked Abû ‘Abdillâh (Imâm Ahmad) about something that had occurred in Baghdâd, and [because of which] some people were considering revolting [against the ruler]. I said, “O Abû ‘Abdillâh, what do you say about taking part in the revolt with these people?” He decried it and started saying, “Subhânallâh! The blood [of the people], the blood [of the people]! I do not believe in this and I do not tell others to do it. For us to suffer our situation in patience is better than the fitnah (tribulation) in which blood is spilt, property is taken, and the prohibited are violated (e.g. the honor of women). Do you not know what happened to the people (in the days of the previous fitnah)?” I said, “And the people today, Abû ‘Abdillâh, are they not in fitnah [because of the ruler]?” He replied, “If so, it is a limited fitnah, but if the sword is raised, the fitnah will engulf everything and there will be no way to escape. To suffer patiently this [current difficulty], where Allâh keeps your religion safe for you is better for you.” I saw him decry revolting against the leaders, and say, “[Do not spill the people’s] blood. I do not believe in this and I do not command it.”

Abû Bakr Al-Khallâl, Al-Sunnah article 89.

https://www.sayingsofthesalaf.net/topic/affairs-of-the-ummah/

__________________________________

Imam Muzani ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 264AH ) said:

"Obedience to the Leaders and Rulers and The Prohibition of Revolting Against Them

And obedience to the ruler in whatever is pleasing to Allah and remaining far away from whatever is displeasing to Him. And abandoning revolt in response to their hostility and oppression. And repenting to Allah in order that they become inclined towards their subjects."

Sharhus Sunnah - Translated by Sunnah Publishing.

__________________________________

Aboo Zur’ah

( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 264AH)

and

Aboo Haatim

( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 277 AH)

in their creed trasmitted by Imaam Ibn Aboo Haatim Ar-Raazee ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 327 AH)

said:

"...

We do not see (the permissibility) of rebellion against the leaders, nor fighting in times of Fitnah. We hear and obey he who Allaah has placed in charge of our affair and we do not remove the hand from obedience (to the ruler).

..."

__________________________________

Imaam Muwaffaq-ud-Deen Ibn Qudaamah Al-Maqdisee ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 620AH ) said:

"...

From the Sunnah is: Hearing and obeying the Muslim leaders and the Khaleefahs (Ameer-ul-Mu'mineen), the righteous from among them as well as the evil. This is so long as they do not command us with disobedience to Allaah, for indeed, there is no obedience to anyone if it involves disobedience to Allaah.

It is obligatory to obey: Whoever is given the Khilaafah while the people agree and are pleased with him, as well as (to obey) the one who fought against the people till he became the Khaleefah and was proclaimed “Ameer-ul-Mu'mineen.” Opposing him, revolting against him and sowing the seeds of dissension amongst the Muslims against him is forbidden.

..."

Lum’at-ul-‘Itiqaad (Sufficiency in Creed).

__________________________________

Shaykh ul-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah ( رحمه الله , May Allah have Mercy on him, died 728AH ) said :

"...

And the most superior of the Muslims (from the early Muslims) used to forbid revolting and fighting in the times of tribulation, such as 'Abdullaah ibn 'Umar and Sa'eed bin al-Musayyab, and 'Alee bin al-Hasan and others, all of them used to forbid, during the year of Harrah, from the revolt against Yazeed, and just as al-Hasan al-Basree and Mujaahid and others used to forbid from revolt during the tribulation of Ibn al-Ash'at (4).

And it is for this reason that it is firmly established with Ahl us-Sunnah to abandon fighting in times of tribulation due to the authentic ahaadeeth that are established from the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam), and they began to mention this matter in the course of (authoring their works) on their aqeedah, and they would command with patience towards the oppression of the leaders, and the abandonment of fighting against them - even if a fair portion of the people of knowledge fought against them during the tribulation...

And whoever reflects upon the authentic ahaadeeth that are established from the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) concerning this topic, and also considers with the consideration of those with insight and deep knowledge, will know that that which the Prophetic Texts have come with is from the best of all affairs

...

So it has become clear that the correct affair was what they had said, and there was not to be found in the revolt any rectification or benefit for the deen and nor for the dunyaa.

...

And from that which is desirable to be known is that the causes of these tribulation are actually mixed, shared. For certain states and conditions come over the hearts that prevent them from knowing the truth and desiring it, and thus they resemble the state of jaahiliyyah. Since, in jaahiliyyah there was no knowledge of the truth and nor the desiring of such truth. And then Islaam came with [both] beneficial knowledge and the righteous action, which [in other words] is knowledge of the truth [firstly], and desiring it [secondly]. So it is agreed that some of the rulers commit oppression by way of self-preference, and then the souls do not show patience over his oppression. And it is not possible for them to repel his oppression except by what is even greater corruption than it (i.e. the ruler's oppression).

However, a person - on account of his love for a person, [intending] to restore his due legal right, and to repel injustice done to him - [in trying to redress this oppression] may not look at [and consider] the general corruption that would arise from his action [in trying to remove such oppression from the ruler].

And for this reason the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) said,

Verily, you will face hardship, so have patience until you meet me at the Hawd.

And it is likewise established in the Saheeh, that he said,

Upon a Muslim is to hear and obey, in times of difficulty and in ease, in the disliked things (to which one disapproves of) and in likeable things (to which one shows zeal), and when self-preference is made against him.

For the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) ordered the Muslims that they should be patient when they are controlled, monopolised (in oppression), and that they should obey those who are in charge of their affairs, even if they (the rulers) give preference to themselves over them (the subjects), and that they should not contend for authority. And many of those who revolted against those in authority, or the vast majority of them, then they revolted so that they may contend with them (for authority), alongside their misappropriation, monopoly, over them, so they did not show patience upon this... and the one who fights remains thinking that he is only fighting him so that there is no more fitnah and so that the deen, all of it is for Allaah, and yet the greatest of that which actually motivated him (mobilised him) was seeking his portion, either of leadership, or of wealth. Just as Allaah, the Exalted said:

 If they are given part thereof (of alms), they are pleased, but if they are not given thereof, behold! They are enraged!" (At-Tawbah 9:58) 

And in the Saheeh from the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) that he said,

There are three whom Allaah will not speak to, nor look at on the Day of Judgement, and nor will he purify them, and they will have a tormenting punishment... and a man who gives the pledge of allegiance to a leader (imaam) and he does not do so except for the sake of the world, if he is given from it, he is pleased, and if he is prevented from it, he is enraged..."

And he ordered having patience upon their misappropriation (self-preference), and prohibited fighting against them, and contending with them (for authority), alongside their oppression. Because the corruption, mischief that arises from fighting during fitnah, is greater than the corruption in the oppression of those in authority. Thus, the lighter of two evils is not to be removed by the greater of the two. And whoever reflects upon the Qur'aan and the Sunnah that is established from Allaah's Messenger (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) and considers it will find it to be in agreement with what he finds in his own soul.

..."

Minhaaj us-Sunnah (4/527-)

http://www.islamagainstextremism.com/reports/ibn-taymiyyah-the-takfiri-kharijites-and-the-issue-of-rebellion-01.cfm

______________________________

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 35 of 170]

35: It is permissible to fight the Khawaarij if they attack the Muslims.

It is permissible to fight the Khawaarij if they attack the persons, property or families of the Muslims,[1] but, if they desist and flee, they may not be chased, nor are their wounded to be killed, nor set upon, nor may those taken captive be killed, nor are those who flee to be followed.

 

______________________________

NOTES - from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth)

1. Refer to Saheeh al-Bukhaaree (Eng. tans., vol.9, pp.49-53).

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] in Madeenah.

______________________________

[Additional Information collected from various sources by the Maidenhead_Dawah Team]

It was narrated that Ibn Awfa [ رضى الله تعالى عنه , radiyallahu 'anhu, may Allaah be pleased with him ] said:

"The Messenger of Allah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] said: 'The Khawarij are the dogs of Hell.'"

Graded Saheeh.

Recorded in Sunan Ibn Majah.

Yusair b. 'Amr reported that he inquired of Sahl b. Hunaif [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] :

Did you hear the Messenger of Allah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] making a mention of the Khawarij? 

He [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said: I heard him [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] say (and he pointed with his hand towards the east) that these would be a people who would recite the Qur'an with their tongues and it would not go beyond their collar bones. They would pass clean through their religion just as the arrow passes through the prey.

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim.

Narrated Yusair bin `Amr:

I asked Sahl bin Hunaif [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ], "Did you hear the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] saying anything about Al-Khawarij?" He [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said, "I heard him [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] saying while pointing his hand towards Iraq. "There will appear in it (i.e, Iraq) some people who will recite the Qur'an but it will not go beyond their throats, and they will go out from (leave) Islam as an arrow darts through the game's body.' "

Recorded in Saheeh Bukhari.

Narrated Al-Azraq bin Qais:

We were at Al-Ahwaz fighting the Al-Haruriya (tribe). While I was at the bank of a river a man was praying and the reins of his animal were in his hands and the animal was struggling and he was following the animal. (Shu`ba, a sub-narrator, said that man was Abu Barza Al-Aslami [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ]). A man from the Khawarij said, "O Allah! Be harsh to this sheik." And when the sheik (Abu Barza) finished his prayer, he [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said, "I heard your remark. No doubt, I participated with Allah's Messenger [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] in six or seven or eight holy battles and saw his leniency, and no doubt, I would rather retain my animal than let it return to its stable, as it would cause me much trouble. "

Recorded in Saheeh Bukhari.

Yazid al-Faqir said:

This view of the Khawarij (i.e. those who commit major sins and would be eternally doomed to Hell) had obsessed me, and we set out in a large group intending to perform the Hajj and then going to the people (for the propagation of the views of the Khawarij). He (the narrator) said: We happened to past by Medina and found there Jabir b. 'Abdullah [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] sitting near a column narrating to the people (the ahadith of) the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ]. When he [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] mentioned the inhabitants of Hell, I said: O companion of the Messenger of Allah what is this that you narrate, whereas Allah says: ""Our Lord! Verily, whom You admit to the Fire, indeed, You have disgraced him; ..." (The Qur'an, Soorah Aal-'Imraan 003. Verse 192); and "[ their abode will be the Fire,] every time they wish to get away therefrom, they will be put back thereto" (The Qur'an, Soorah as-Sajdah 032, Verse 20)? So what is it that you say? 

He [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said: Have you read the Qur'an? 

I said: Yes. 

He [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said: Have you heard about the (exalted) position of Muhammad [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ], i.e. to which Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى , Subhanahu wa Ta'ala, Glorified and Exalted be He] would raise, him? 

I said: Yes. 

He [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said: Verily the position of Muhammad [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] is that of great glory and that is by which Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] would bring out whomsoever He would wish to bring out. He [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] then described the Path (the Bridge) and the passing of the people over it, and said: I am afraid I may not have remembered (other things) but this much is still in my memory that people would come out of the Hell after having gone into it, and he said: They would come out of it as if they were the wood of the ebony tree. He (the narrator said: They would enter a river, one or the rivers of Paradise, and would bathe in it, and then come out as if they were (white like) paper. We then turned back and said: Woe be upon you! How can this old man tell a lie against the Messenger of Allah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ]? We turned back (from the views of the Khawarij), and by God every one of us abandoned this (band of Khawarij) except one man. 

A similar statement has been made by Abu Nu'aim.

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim.

Imaam Humaidi ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 219AH )

"...

[The Difference between Ahl as-Sunnah and the Khawaarij]

And we do not say like what the Khawaarij have claimed that whoever commits a major sin has disbelieved.

Nor do we declare someone being a disbeliever due to anything from sins. Rather, disbelief is in leaving the five (pillars) about which the Messenger of Allah (ملس و ھیلع لله ىلص) has stated, “Islaam was built upon five: The bearing witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except for Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establishing the prayer, giving Zakaat, fasting Ramadhaan and making Hajj to the House.”

However, regarding three of them, then do not debate the one who leaves them - the one who did not testify the Shahaadah, did not pray and did not fast.

Nothing from these (three) is to be delayed from (being done) in its designated time nor does it suffice for the one who has made them up (after their designated time) due to his negligence and deliberate delaying of them from their stipulated times. However, regarding Zakaat, whenever he pays it, then it has sufficed him and (he) is considered as incurring sin whilst refraining from paying it.

However, as for Hajj, the one who it has become obligatory upon and has the means to do so then it is compulsory for him to perform it. However, it is not obligatory upon him (in his) current year (of having the means to do so) until he absolutely must (perform it). Whenever he performs it then he has performed it within its stipulated time and is not considered a sinner due to his delaying it, provided he performs it, unlike the one who is considered a sinner for delaying the Zakaat. Because Zakaat is the right of the poor Muslims of which he has kept from them.

..."

Usool as-Sunnah.

Ibn Taymiyyah ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 728AH ):

"...

In spite of this, Ahl al-Qiblah (Muslims) are not to be considered unbelievers as a result of their committing faults and sins (Ma'asi and Kaba'ir) as the khawarij consider them. Rather, brotherhood in faith remains firm despite faults, just as Allah, The Exalted, has said in the punishment Verse:

"If the heir of a murdered person forgives his brother (in faith)33, it is preferred that he follow his forgiveness with leniency (in collecting the blood-money"34 (al-Baqarah 2/178)

And He has said:

"If two groups of believers fight each other, try to make peace between them. However, if one of them attacks the other (and refuses to make peace), fight the attackers until they return to the Ordinance of Allah; Then, if they return, make peace between them justly, and act equitably. Indeed, Allah loves the equitable. Believers are indeed brothers, therefore make peace between your brothers." (al-Hujurat 49/9)

The people of the Sunnah do not completely strip the Muslim transgressor from the faith.

..."

Al-'Aqidah Al-Wasitiyah.

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 36 of 170]

36: Obedience is only in what is good.

Know that there is no obedience to any human in disobedience to Allah, the Mighty and Majestic [1].

 

______________________________

NOTES - from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth)

[1] He said, Obedience is only in what is good. Reported by al-Bukhaaree (Eng. trans. 9/193/259) and Muslim (Eng. trans. 3/1022/no.4535). He also said, Hearing and obeying is (binding) upon the Muslim in what he likes or dislikes, so long as he is not ordered to sin. If he is ordered with sin, then there is no hearing or obeying. Reported by al-Bukhaaree (Eng. trans. 9/193/no.258), Muslim (Eng. trans. 3/1022/no.4533) and Abu Daawood.

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] in Madeenah.

______________________________

[Additional Information collected from various sources by the Maidenhead_Dawah Team]

Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى , Subhanahu wa Ta'ala, Glorified and Exalted be He] says,

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ ۖ فَإِن تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِن كُنتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلًا

"O you who believe! Obey Allâh and obey the Messenger (Muhammad [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam]), and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority. (And) if you differ in anything amongst yourselves, refer it to Allâh and His Messenger [sal-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam], if you believe in Allâh and in the Last Day. That is better and more suitable for final determination."

[ القرآن الكريم The Noble Qur'aan,  سورة النساء  Soorah an-Nisaa. - (The Women) 004, Verse 059 ]

[Translation - "Interpretation of the Meaning of The Noble Qur'aan in the English Language" By Dr. Muhammad Taqiuddeen al-Hilaalee, Ph.D. and Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan, Published By Darussalam.]

al-Mubarakfuri [rahimahullaah, died 1426AH] summarised the explanation of these verses from Tafsir Ibn Kathir which was written by the notable scholar Ibn Kathir [rahimahullaah, died 774AH] as follows:

"The Necessity of Obeying the Rulers in Obedience to Allah 

 

Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said that the Ayah,

(Obey Allah and obey the Messenger, and those of you who are in authority.) "Was revealed about `Abdullah bin Hudhafah bin Qays bin `Adi, who the Messenger of Allah sent on a military expedition.'' This statement was collected by the Group, with the exception of Ibn Majah At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan, Gharib''. Imam Ahmad recorded that `Ali said, "The Messenger of Allah sent a troop under the command of a man from Al-Ansar. When they left, he became angry with them for some reason and said to them, `Has not the Messenger of Allah commanded you to obey me' They said, `Yes.' He said, `Collect some wood,' and then he started a fire with the wood, saying, `I command you to enter the fire.' The people almost entered the fire, but a young man among them said, `You only ran away from the Fire to Allah's Messenger. Therefore, do not rush until you go back to Allah's Messenger, and if he commands you to enter it, then enter it.' When they went back to Allah's Messenger , they told him what had happened, and the Messenger said,

(Had you entered it, you would never have departed from it. Obedience is only in righteousness.)'' This Hadith is recorded in the Two Sahihs. Abu Dawud recorded that `Abdullah bin `Umar said that the Messenger of Allah said,

(The Muslim is required to hear and obey in that which he likes and dislikes, unless he was commanded to sin. When he is commanded with sin, then there is no hearing or obeying.) This Hadith is recorded in the Two Sahihs. `Ubadah bin As-Samit said, "We gave our pledge to Allah's Messenger to hear and obey (our leaders), while active and otherwise, in times of ease and times of difficulty, even if we were deprived of our due shares, and to not dispute this matter (leadership) with its rightful people. The Prophet said,

(Except when you witness clear Kufr about which you have clear proof from Allah.)'' This Hadith is recorded in the Two Sahihs. Another Hadith narrated by Anas states that the Messenger of Allah said,

(Hear and obey (your leaders), even if an Ethiopian slave whose head is like a raisin, is made your chief.) Al-Bukhari recorded this Hadith. Umm Al-Husayn said that she heard the Messenger of Allah giving a speech during the Farewell Hajj, in which he said;

(Even if a slave was appointed over you, and he rules you with Allah's Book, then listen to him and obey him.) Muslim recorded this Hadith. In another narration with Muslim, the Prophet said,

(Even if an Ethiopian slave, whose nose was mutilated...) In the Two Sahihs, it is recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,

(Whoever obeys me, obeys Allah, and whoever disobeys me, disobeys Allah. Whoever obeys my commander, obeys me, and whoever disobeys my commander, disobeys me.) This is why Allah said,

(Obey Allah), adhere to His Book,

(and obey the Messenger), adhere to his Sunnah,

(And those of you who are in authority) in the obedience to Allah which they command you, not what constitutes disobedience of Allah, for there is no obedience to anyone in disobedience to Allah, as we mentioned in the authentic Hadith,

(Obedience is only in righteousness.)"

al-Misbaah al-Muneer of al-Mubarakfuri [Abridged Tafsir Ibn Kathir - English Edition Published By Darussalam]

Ka’ab bin Maalik [ رضى الله تعالى عنه , radiyallahu 'anhu, may Allaah be pleased with him ] reported from the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] that he [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said:

"Two hungry wolves let loose among sheep are not more harmful than a persons craving after wealth and status is to his Religion."

Graded Hasan Saheeh.

Recorded by At-Tirmidhee.

Narrated Ibn 'Umar [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ]:

The 'Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said, "It is obligatory for one to listen to and obey (the ruler's orders) unless these orders involve one disobedience (to Allah); but if an act of disobedience (to Allah) is imposed, he should not listen to or obey it."

Recorded in Saheeh Bukhari.

Narrated 'Ali [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ]:

The Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] sent an army unit (for some campaign) and appointed a man from the Ansar as its commander and ordered them (the soldiers) to obey him. (During the campaign) he became angry with them and said, "Didn't the Prophet order you to obey me?" They said, "Yes." He said, "I order you to collect wood and make a fire and then throw yourselves into it." So they collected wood and made a fire, but when they were about to throw themselves into, it they started looking at each other, and some of them said, "We followed the Prophet to escape from the fire. How should we enter it now?" So while they were in that state, the fire extinguished and their commander's anger abated. The event was mentioned to the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] and he [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said, "If they had entered it (the fire) they would never have come out of it, for obedience is required only in what is good."

Recorded in Saheeh Bukhari.

It has been narrated on the authority of 'Auf b. Malik [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] that the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said: The best of your rulers are those whom you love and who love you, who invoke God's blessings upon you and you invoke His blessings upon them. And the worst of your rulers are those whom you hate and who hate you and whom you curse and who curse you. It was asked (by those present): Shouldn't we overthrow them with the help of the sword? He [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said: No, as long as they establish prayer among you. If you then find anything detestable in them. You should hate their administration, but do not withdraw yourselves from their obedience.

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim.

It has been narrated (through a different chain of transmitters) on the authority of Ibn Abbas [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] that the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said: One who dislikes a thing done by his Amir should be patient over it, for anyone from the people who withdraws (his obedience) from the government, even to the extent of a handspan and died in that conditions, would die the death of one belonging to the days of jahilliyya.

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim.

It has been narrated (through a different chain of transmitters) on the authority of Abu Huraira [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] that the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said: Who defected from obedience (to the Amir) and separated from the main body of the Muslim-then he died in that state-would die the death of one belonging to the days of Jahillyya. And he who is killed under the banner of a man who is blind (to the cause for which he is fighting), who gets flared up with family pride and fights for his tribe-is not from my Ummah, and whoso from my followers attacks my followers (indiscriminately) killing the righteous and the wicked of them, sparing not (even) those staunch in faith and fulfilling not his obligation towards them who have been given a pledge (of security), is not from me (i. e. is not my follower).

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim

It has been narrated on the authority of 'Abd al-Rahman b. Abd Rabb al-Ka'ba who said: I entered the mosque when 'Abdullah b. 'Amr b. al-'As [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] was sitting in the shade of the Ka'ba and the people had gathered around him. I betook myself to them and sat near him. (Now) Abdullah said: I accompanied the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] on a journey. We halted at a place. Some of us began to set right their tents, others began to compete with one another in shooting, and others began to graze their beasts, when an announcer of the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] announced that the people should gather together for prayer, so we gathered around the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ]. He [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said: It was the duty of every Prophet that has gone before me to guide his followers to what he knew was good for them and warn them against what he knew was bad for them; but this Ummah of yours has its days of peace and (security) in the beginning of its career, and in the last phase of its existence it will be afflicted with trials and with things disagreeable to you. (In this phase of the Ummah), there will be tremendous trials one after the other, each making the previous one dwindle into insignificance. When they would be afflicted with a trial, the believer would say: This is going to bring about my destruction. When that (the trial) is over, they would be afflicted with another trial, and the believer would say: This surely is going to be my end. Whoever wishes to be delivered from the fire and enter the garden should die with faith in Allaah and the Last Day and should treat the people as he wishes to be treated by them. He who swears allegiance to a Caliph should give him the piedge of his hand and the sincerity of his heart (i. e. submit to him both outwardly as well as inwardly). He should obey him to the best of his capacity. It another man comes forward (as a claimant to Caliphate), disputing his authority, they (the Muslims) should behead the latter. The narrator says: I came close to him ('Abdullah b. 'Amr b. al-'As [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ]) and said to him [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ]: Can you say on oath that you heard it from the Messenger of Allaah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ]? He [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] pointed with his hands to his ears and his heart and said: My ears heard it and my mind retained it. I said to him: This cousin of yours, Mu'awiya, orders us to unjustly consume our wealth among ourselves and to kill one another, while Allaah says:" O ye who believe, do not consume your wealth among yourselves unjustly, unless it be trade based on mutual agreement, and do not kill yourselves. Verily, God is Merciful to you" (iv. 29). The narrator says that (hearing this) Abdullah b. 'Amr b. al-As [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] kept quiet for a while and then said: Obey him in so far as he is obedient to God; and diqobey him in matters involving disobedience to God.

Recorded in Saheeh Muslim.

It was narrated that Abu Hurairah [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] said:

"The Messenger of Allah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم ] said: 'Whoever parts from obedience, and splits away from the Jama'ah and dies, then he has died a death of Jahiliyyah. Whoever rebels against my Ummah, killing good and evil people alike, and does not try to avoid killing the believers, and does not pay attention to those who are under a covenant, then he is not of me. Whoever fights for a cause that is not clear, advocating tribalism, getting angry for the sake of tribalism, and he is killed, then he has died a death of Jahiliyyah.'"

Graded Saheeh.

Recorded in Sunan an-Nasa'i.

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 37 of 170]

37: Do not bear witness that a person is an inhabitant of Paradise or the Fire.

Do not bear witness for any of the people of Islam (i.e. that he is a person of Paradise or of the Fire) due to a good or bad deed, since you do not know what his final action before his death will be. You hope for Allahs [ سبحانه و تعالى , Glorified and Exalted be He ] Mercy for him and you fear for him because of his sins. You do not know what has been destined for him at the time of his death [1] as regards repentance and what Allah [ سبحانه و تعالى ] has destined for that time if he dies upon Islam. You hope for Allahs [ سبحانه و تعالى ] mercy for him and you fear for him because of his sins.

 

______________________________

NOTES - from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth)

[1] Al-Miqdaad ibn al-Aswad [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ,  may Allah be pleased with him ] said: I will not say anything good or bad about a person until I see how he ends, after something I heard from the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم  ,  may Allah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ]. It was said, What did you hear? He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم  ] say, The heart of the son of Adam is agitated more severely than the cooking pot when it boils. 

Reported by Ahmad, al-Haakim and Ibn Abee Aasim in as-Sunnah (no.226). Declared saheeh by Shaikh al-Albaanee in Saheehul-Jaami(5023).

Anas [ رضى الله تعالى عنه ] reports that the Messenger of Allah [ صلى الله عليه و سلم  ] said, Do not be delighted by the action of anyone until you see how he ends up. 

Reported by Ahmad and Ibn Abee Aasim in as-Sunnah (347-353) and declared saheeh by Shaikh al-Albaanee in Silsilatul-Ahaadeeth as-Saheehah (no.1334).

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] in Madeenah.

______________________________

[S. Munir]

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

"In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful."

Kitaab Sharh us-Sunnah [Explanation of Creed]
by Imaam al-Barbahaaree ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 329AH)
Translated by Abu Talhah Dawud Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH)

[Point 38 of 170]

38: Allah accepts the repentance of all sins.

There is no sin except that the servant may repent from it.

 

______________________________

NOTES - from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth)

______________________________

[Additional Background Information]

Imaam al-Barbahaaree  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah) was a major scholar of his time and he learned knowledge from a number of scholars including the senior students of Imaam Ahmad ibn Hanbal  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 241AH) including Imaam Abu Bakr al-Marwazee  ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 294AH).

This translation is from the English translation of the book made by Abu Talhah Daawood Burbank ( رحمه الله , rahimahullah, May Allah have Mercy on him, died 1432AH) and the Notes translated above by Abu Tallhah are from the lectures of Shaykh Saaleh as-Suhaimee ( حفظه الله , hafidhahullaah, may Allaah preserve him upon the truth).

Shaykh Saalih bin Sa’d as-Suhaymee was born 1366 AH in the city of Madeenah. He has a doctorate in fiqh and works as an Associate Professor in the University of Madeenah, School of Da’wah and Usool-ud-Deen, in the Aqeedah Division. Shaykh as-Suhaymee also holds duroos in the Mosque of the Prophet [ صلى الله عليه و سلم , may Allaah exalt his mention and render him and his message safe from every derogatory thing ] in Madeenah.

______________________________