Also - seems to happen when multiple processes are running large drive scans at the same time.
eg. Plex scanning the media folders, while BackBlaze scans every file in the system for backups, while DropBox scans everything to do it's thing. Used to happen frequently/every night, when my rsync jobs would kick off for the /Users ZFS filesystem, concurrently with some other stuff.
Basically, lots of processes which do lots of IO concurrently seems to be a bad thing.