Re: Spaced 720p Torrent
Beatris Ninh
I realize that it is trivial to define a function that takes an interval (i.e. two endpoints, $a < b$), and an integer $n > 1$, and returns a list of $n$ evenly spaced points $x_1 = a, x_2, \dots, x_n-1, x_n = b$,1 but still, given that this functionality is frequently needed, and is commonplace in other scientific computing environments, I am surprised not to be able to find a Mathematica built-in for it in the docs.
Mastery is our term for the one-two punch of active recall and spaced repetition applied to the notes and highlights you take while reading. Used together, these principles of cognitive science enable you to retain substantially more of what you read with significantly less effort.[1]
From the very beginning, Readwise has leveraged the principle of spaced repetition to space out reviews of your highlights. But now, with Mastery, Readwise enables you to supply precise feedback ensuring you see better-than-average passages more often, less-than-average passages less often, and so on.
The second half of your Daily Readwise will contain your Mastery cards. These are resurfaced according to a spaced repetition algorithm and presented in active recall form. As with the initial creation of the Mastery card, once you're finished each review, you provide spaced repetition feedback informing how soon and how often you'd like to see that card in the future.[2]
Caple, C. (1997). The effects of spaced practice and spaced review on recall and retention using computer-assisted instruction. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences & Engineering, 57, 6603.
Castel, A. D., Logan, J. M., Haber, S., & Viehman, E. J. (2012). Metacognition and the spacing effect: the role of repetition, feedback, and instruction on judgments of learning for massed and spaced rehearsal. Metacognition and Learning. doi:10.1007/s11409-012-9090-3
From what I can tell, you can't. Discussion are meant to be shorter texts. You could always hit return twice between each line, but that seems like a lot of extra added work. I would mention this to your instructor. The only work around I can see is to upload your document, rather than copy and paste it straight into the discussion text box. To do this, open the discussion, click insert, click document, and upload as normal. I doubt this is what your instructor really wants since it adds an extra step in reading the discussion for others who want to reply to it, but it's the only way I can see to make sure it is double spaced. Again, perhaps you should check with your instructor to be sure that they really want the discussion post double spaced or if they meant written work should be double spaced. Good luck! I hope this was helpful!
I realize not everyone is comfortable with HTML (my HTML skills are rudimentary at best) so maybe this is not a great solution. I think the instructor is accepting single spaced now--he didn't ding anyone on single spacing.. Mine was the only correctly formatted submission.
A modern Anki custom scheduling based on free spaced repetition scheduler algorithm - GitHub - open-spaced-repetition/fsrs4anki: A modern Anki custom scheduling based on free spaced repetition sche...
The way we can take advantage of the forgetting curve is through breaking the cycle by reviewing material at spaced intervals. This might be obvious to you but its importance cannot be overstated. The more that we practice and the more spaced this repetition becomes, the more likely we are to encode this information into our long-term memory.
In essence, the idea behind spaced repetition is that you allow your brain to forget some of the information to ensure that the active recall process is mentally taxing. The psychology literature suggests that the harder that your brain has to work to retrieve information, the more likely that that information will be encoded.
However, most interestingly, the final group saw each word, recalled it, then had a gap of a few more words before recalling the first word again. In effect, this final group spaced their recall and, as the graph illustrates, the results are astonishing.
a In the refractory-state model, spaced stimuli (left panel; stimulus 1, followed substantially later by stimulus 2) cumulatively strengthen a memory trace (blue time course). By contrast, massed stimuli (right panel; stimulus 1 followed shortly after by stimulus 2) fail to cumulatively strengthen the memory trace. b The cumulative synaptic strengthening in spaced training may be due to progressive enhancement of long-term potentiation (LTP), which could result from successive increases in the strength of the same synaptic contacts (shown here as successive increases in the volume of the same postsynaptic dendritic spine). Thus, in one of two current hypotheses describing synaptic strengthening during spaced learning, stimulus 1 enlarges a population of spines. If stimulus 2 follows shortly after the first stimulus (as in massed training), it cannot further affect spines. However, if stimulus 2 comes after a refractory period (as in spaced training), it can further enlarge the same population of spines. c Alternatively, enhancement of LTP could result from successive rounds of strengthening of new synaptic contacts. Thus, in the second current hypothesis, stimulus 1 only enlarges a subset of affected spines, but primes additional spines. If stimulus 2 follows shortly after stimulus 1 (as in massed training), it has no effect. If stimulus 2 comes later (as in spaced training), it does not further enlarge the first subset of spines. Instead, stimulus 2 enlarges those spines that were primed, but not enlarged, by stimulus 1.
For relatively brief inter-trial intervals (ITIs) (bottom trace), successive trials may coincide with and reinforce peak second messenger levels generated by preceding trials. In each trace, individual rectangles represent individual trials, and converging lines between traces represent the lengthening of timescales as one moves upwards in the illustration. For somewhat longer ITIs (several minutes to 1 hour), successive trials may reinforce the peak activities of kinases elicited by preceding trials and also elicit long-term potentiation of primed dendritic spines. Intervals of this length may also, in the hippocampus, be needed to allow replacement of inactivated receptors at stimulated spines82, enabling succeeding stimulus repetitions to potentiate those spines. For intervals of 1 hour or more, succeeding trials may also align with peaks in transcription factor activity and gene expression owing to preceding trials. For the longest ITIs (many hours or longer), succeeding trials may reactivate and thereby further potentiate consolidated memory traces. All of these processes are likely to contribute to the consolidation of long-term memory, in many if not all species. However, depending on the ITI length used in a particular spaced learning protocol, the dynamics of a particular type of process (for example, kinase activation) may contribute in particular to the efficacy of spaced learning. Also, trials at one temporal domain (for example, 1 day) may be unitary events, but also may constitute a block of spaced trials from another temporal domain (for example, minutes to hours). For example, an effective protocol for long-term sensitization training in Aplysia californica is the use of four trials with an ITI of 30 minutes, with this block repeated four times with a 1-day ITI13. Thus, some effective training protocols consist of a hierarchy of temporal domains of training sessions, with briefer sessions embedded within longer ones. In this illustration, intervals are shown with regular spacing, but more effective learning may occur with irregular spacing (FIG. 4).
I want a environment for displaying rows and columns of mathematical expressions, such that the contents of each column is centered, and the columns are equally spaced. Rows must have optional equation numbers, as with the align* environment.
This should produce two lines of displayed mathematics in three columns, all equally-spaced from the page margins and from each other. The first line should have an equation number, the second shouldn't.
I do not know what you mean by 'even spaced.' That is not a requirement for the Analysis of Variance. The levels are modeled as nominal values, and the tests are for group means or combinations of group means.
I agree that the contrast coefficients you assigned of -0.75, -0.25, 0.25, and 0.75 would be correct if the treatments were 0, 50, 100, 150 (evenly spaced). Because the last treatment is actually 200, that's what I mean by unequally spaced.
Practically, this means having more widely spaced intervals between study times for the material that you are more familiar with, and shorter intervals between study sessions for material that you are less familiar with.
For spaced repetition to be useful, it has to be a habit. I drill flashcardsevery day as part of my morning routine. But habit formation is difficult,doubly so for people who have ADHD or are low in conscientiousness.
A common failure mode (and I did this more than once, before I got the hang ofit) is to use Anki for two weeks, then drop it, and pick it back up six monthslater only to find you have 600 cards due for review. This is not encouraging,and it defeats the point of spaced repetition, which is to review the cards onthe intervals the algorithm chooses.
Writing effective flashcards is a skill that took me a while to acquire. Many ofthe cards I wrote in the first four or six months of using spaced repetitionconsistently turned out pretty much useless, and this can be frustrating. Themain reason to write this post was to communicate the lessons I learnt so youcan jump in to using spaced repetition effectively from the start.
So in 2013, when I finished my first project, a semi-professional designer advised me to use paragraph spacing instead of indents. After that, I completed three more book projects. Each time, a different semi-professional designer tweaked the page layout a little (the page size usually changed due to the requirements of different publishers), but no one complained about the spaced paragraphs.
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