MAT_072 (MAT_CONCRETE_DAMAGE)
Ricardo Azevedo
James M. Kennedy
Dear Ricardo,
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Len Schwer has shared the following comments:
Mat 72R3 is my current LS-DYNA material model recommendation when little is known about the concrete material properties. I do NOT recommend using the original Mat 72, especially with the reinforcement option.
Additionally, Mat 16 and Mat 159 also only require the unconfined compressive strength as input. Have a look at this summary of these three concrete models:
Schwer, L.E., and Malvar, L.J., "Simplified Concrete Modeling with *MAT_CONCRETE_DAMAGE_REL3", JRI LS-DYNA User Week, Nagoya, Japan, November, 2005.
http://www.geomaterialmodeling.com/pdf/186concrete.pdf
http://www.geomaterialmodeling.com/pdf/88briefly.pdf
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LS-DYNA provides several constitutive models for concrete. To provide some guidance in selecting a proper one for users who have limited experience with concrete, this paper reviewed the background theory and evaluated the performance of three popular models, namely *MAT_072R3 (K&C), *MAT_084 (Winfrith), and *MAT_159 (CSCM). The basic performance of concrete constitutive models in capturing key concrete behaviors, such as post-peak softening, shear dilation, confinement effect, and strain rate enhancement, was examined through single element simulations including both uniaxial and triaxial load paths. The models were also employed in analyzing structures subjected to quasi-static, blast, and impact loads and the responses were compared with available test data in order to investigate their capability in predicting and reproducing actual structural responses:
Wu, Y., Crawford, J.E., and Magallanes, J.M., "Performance of LS-DYNA Concrete Constitutive Models", 12th International LS-DYNA Users Conference, Dearborn, Michigan, June, 2012.
http://www.dynalook.com/international-conf-2012/constitutivemodeling05-a.pdf
LS-DYNA has gained its position for conducting quasi-static simulation using transient dynamic analysis in the recent years. Material models MAT159 and MAT072R3 are used extensively in concrete behaviour modelling as they require the least input from user, among all other concrete material models. Therefore, the behaviour and reliability of both material models, which are formed on the basis of varying failure surfaces, used for simulating reinforced concrete beams under quasi-static loading are of interest. A comparative study between MAT159 and MAT72R3 is carried out to investigate the flexural and shear behaviour of reinforced concrete beams loaded under quasi-static loading, which is a displacement-controlled static loading, using selected specimens of control beam tested experimentally by various researchers.
Tan, J.Y., “Comparative FE Study between MAT159 and MAT072R3 for Concrete Behaviour Modelling under Quasi-static Loading in LS-DYNA”, Project Dissertation, Civil Engineering Progamme, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Perak, Malaysia, January, 2016.
http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/17147/1/1.%20Final%20Dissertation.pdf
Numerous roadside safety systems are configured with reinforced concrete materials, such as bridge railings, median barriers, and roadside parapets. The analysis and design of these structures may involve impact simulation with finite element software, like LS-DYNA, which includes multiple concrete material models. This Phase I study investigated the viability and performance of existing concrete material models to simulate unreinforced components subjected to common loading conditions, such as compression, tension, shear, and bending. For this study, five material models were evaluated – CSCM (*MAT_159), K&C (*MAT_072R3), RHT (*MAT_272), Winfrith (*MAT_084), and CDPM (*MAT_273):
Winkelbauer, B.J., "Phase I Evaluation of Selected Concrete Material in LS-DYNA", Master’s Thesis,, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, December, 2015.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1087&context=civilengdiss
Winkelbauer, B.J., Faller, R.K., Bielenberg, R.W., Rosenbaugh, S.K., Reid, J.D., and Schmidt, J.D., "Phase I Evaluation of Selected Concrete Material in LS-DYNA", MwRSF Research Report No. TRP-03-330-15, Midwest Roadside Safety Facility, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, April, 2016.
http://nlcs1.nlc.state.ne.us/epubs/R6000/B016.0330-2016.pdf
This report described a study pertaining to validating the capability afforded by the standard release of the Karagozian & Case (K&C) cementitious (or concrete) material model. In doing this, responses computed with the K&C model for structural components comprised of either concrete or reinforced concrete were compared with results from tests. Comparisons of the responses computed for the structural components were shown for both quasi-static and blast loadings. Computed responses were also compared to data from standard material tests to demonstrate the basic capability afforded by the K&C model. The analytic results shown were computed with the LS-DYNA code. The K&C model is embedded in this code (i.e., Release III, *MAT_072R3 in LS-DYNA) along with the other concrete models considered in this report, *MAT_084 (Winfrith), *MAT_159 (CSCM), and *MAT_272 (RHT):
Crawford, J.E., Wu, Y., Choi, H.-J., Magallanes, J.M., and Lan, S., "Use and Validation of the Release III K&C Concrete Material Model in LS-DYNA", TR-11-36.5, Karagozian and Case Structural Engineers, Burbank, California, July, 2012.
http://www.kcse.com/assets/Uploads/TR-11-36-6-KCCM.pdf
This document described the results obtained from a set of three point bending analyses with LS-DYNA using *MAT CDPM (*MAT 273). Tetra- and hexahedral meshes were used. *MAT_273 was based on work published in Grassl and Jirasek [2006] and Grassl et al. [2011, 2013]. The aim of these analyses was to demonstrate that the response obtained with* MAT CDPM for tensile failure of plain concrete is independent of the mesh size:
Grassl, P., "Quasi-Static Three Point Bending LS-DYNA Analyses with MAT_CDPM (MAT_273) using Tetra- and Hexahedral Meshes Meshes", Research Report, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, November, 2017.
http://petergrassl.com/tempFiles/summaryLSDYNATPBT.pdf
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Sincerely,
James M. Kennedy
KBS2 Inc.
October 21, 2021
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