Itseems that Sankaracharya wanted to humble them and also Sankaracharya was pleased with the devotion of Giri who was serving him. Sankaracharya did not say anything but kept waiting. Then the disciple came bringing the clothes and drying them. At that time, he was singing this song glorifying the greatness of his teacher Sankara. They thought Giri was an illiterate person not knowing Sanskrit and incapable of composing anything. Hearing this, all other disciples were wonderstruck. By mere Sankalpa, it is said that Sankaracharya gave all knowledge to him. This verse happens to be in a special Sanskrit metre known as Thōtaka Vruttam. So this particular metre is called Thōtaka metre. Thus Giri got the name Thōtakachary, after the metre.
His Pūrvāshrama name was something else and he got the name Thōtaka after this metre. Therefore, this work is called Thōtakāshtakam due to two reasons. One reason is that it is in Thōtak metre and the other reason being that it is composed by Thōtakacharya.
Thōtakacharya has not written many works or many are not available for us. There is another work by Thōtaka. It is an advanced treatise on Vēdanta known as Shruti Sara Samuddharanam which literally means extracting the essence of the Vedas.
In this composition, we do not find Vedāntic teaching here, but it is the glorification of his Guru Adi Sankara. This is the background of this work. And in all the eight verses, the fourth line is the same which is bhava sankara dēsika mē saranam
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Note: This is the popular version sung by Smt. M.S. Subbalakshmi. It does not include all the 31 verses. Bhaja Govindam MS Subbalakshmi version with meaning, lyrics, audio, sanskrit, multiple languages and significance.
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