That documentation is a bit out of date.
The LLVM gold plugin (and the lld linker) now use a different LTO API (as of a year ago). There is actually a richer set of intermediate files emitted when you do save-temps. E.g.:
$ file testsavetemps*
testsavetemps: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.24, not stripped
testsavetemps.0.0.preopt.bc: LLVM IR bitcode
testsavetemps.0.2.internalize.bc: LLVM IR bitcode
testsavetemps.0.4.opt.bc: LLVM IR bitcode
testsavetemps.0.5.precodegen.bc: LLVM IR bitcode
testsavetemps.o: ELF 64-bit LSB relocatable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), not stripped
testsavetemps.resolution.txt: ASCII text
Likely what you want is testsavetemps.0.5.precodegen.bc - the bitcode just before generating the native object (testsavetemps.o).