[Samba] BIG Samba howto for debian only.

Louis van Belle

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Dec 6, 2005, 8:40:08 AM12/6/05

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Hi everybody,

I made a pretty complete howto for samba on debian servers.

This howto covers samba + ldap + cups + recycle bin + samba-vscan
+ phpldapadmin + ACL + Extended Attributes.

this howto is also based on the idealx howto

If you do this setup, you should be able to use the NT4 Usermanager,
setup Point en Print Printing. set rights from explorer etc.
other nice tools is ldapadmin ( ldapadmin.sf.net ) a must check it out.

We will use a Debian Sarge as setup.
If you never used Debian before, you can follow this how-to
(http://www.howtoforge.com/perfect_setup_debian_sarge ) ,
please read the comment below the pages first,
this can save you time and problems or install Debian without
any software packaged, we will install them later when needed.
Checking the kernel of compile your own kernel if needed.

I try to give a complete solution for this how-to,
this is because lots of people where asking the same things on
the samba list and lots of people make the same mistakes.

This is my company's running setup.

I run this on a P866, 512 Ram, Scsi Raid 1 ( 15rpms 73 Gb ) , with 50 users
25 printers which do about 150.000 prints a month.

I thank my company to let me make this document.

Please if you have improvements, comments, send them to me.

Louis van Belle

INDEX
Page nr.

1 Checking the kernel or compile your own kernel 3
1.1 Preparing apt configuration 3
1.2 Preparing the kernel 3
1.3 setup the /etc/fstab 3
1.4 final touch, lilo (or grub) 3
2 Pre-installation of the debian packages 4
2.1 Samba and Ldap 4
2.2 basic rights setup for samba 4
2.3 why this rights setup. 4
3 LDAP Server configuration 5
4 installation/configuration libnss, libpam (-ldap) 7
5 Samba and smbldap-tools Configuration 8
5.1 smbldap-tools installation/configuration 8
5.2 setting up samba base config 8
5.3 Configuring smbldap.conf 9
5.4 set the samba ldap admin password 9
5.5 Samba PRIVILEGES Setup 10
6 CUPS - Printer software 11
6.1 Setup Cups 11
6.2 Setup Cups PDF Printer. - Creating a PDF Printer 11
7 Configuring phpldapadmin 12
7.1 installation of phpldapadmin ( and apache ) 12
8.0 On-Access virus scanning on samba (samba-clamav) 13
8.1 Installing ClamAV 13
8.2 get the sources ( samba & samba-vscan ) 13
9.0 Recycle bin on samba 14
9.1 Recycle bin configuration 14
Appendix 1 (complex samba-access.conf ) SETUP WITH DSA USERS 15
Appendix 2 APT 16
2.1 APT HOWTO 16
2.2 Files from /etc/apt 17
2.2.1 /etc/apt/apt.conf 17
2.2.2 /etc/apt/preferences 17

1 Checking the kernel or compile your own kernel
1.1 Preparing apt configuration

for this go check out my apt howto.

if you apt config is setup rights, follow the steps below.

ncurses interface for compiling the kernel
apt-get install libncurses5-dev

get the kernel source
apt-get install kernel-source-2.6.8 kernel-package

installer right kernel and activate EXT2/3 + Extended attributes
and setup CIFS kernel support to in kernel.

1.2 Preparing the kernel
apt-get install kernel-source-2.6.8 kernel-package fakeroot
libc6-dev libncurses5-dev

cd /usr/src
tar -jxf kernel-source-2.6.8.tar.bz2
ln -s /usr/src/linux /usr/src/kernel-source-2.6.8
cp /boot/config-2.6.8-2-* /usr/src/linux/.config
cd linux
make menuconfig - File systems - Ext2/3 + extended options
also File systems - Miscellaneous filesystems -
CramFS
and File systems - Network File Systems - CIFS
support
+ extended Attributes
now create the kernel and install it.

fakeroot make-kpkg --append-to-kernel=-mykernel --initrd
kernel_image

This create a file kernel-image-2.6.8.custom.1.0_i386.deb under
/usr/src

dpkg -i kernel-image-2.6.8.custom.1.0_i386.deb to install the
kernel
1.3 setup the /etc/fstab

/etc/fstab : add the acl and user_xattr to the right partition

/dev/xxx /home ext3 defaults,acl,user_xattr

I use /home/samba for the samba environment.
All the needed samba directories will be put here. !!
This is important !

1.4 final touch, lilo (or grub)

lilo and reboot , login and do 'uname -a' and you wil see a line
like
this.
Linux ms249-lin-001 2.6.8-mykernel #1 Wed Jun 1 15:03:47 CEST 2005
i686

Your server is now ready for samba 3.
2 Pre-installation of the debian packages
2.1 Samba and Ldap

apt-get install slapd samba libsasl2-modules sasl2-bin openssl
db4.2-util ldap-utils samba-doc libxml-parser-perl libauthen-sasl-perl

Configuring slapd
set an dns name - internal.yourdomain.tld
- Give it a name/description
- set that admin password for the ldap manager
( cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld
- Allow LDAPv2 protocol? yes

Configure samba
set a domain name DOMAIN
Use password encryption? Yes
Modify smb.conf to use WINS settings from DHCP? No
How do you want to run Samba? Daemons
Create samba password database, /var/lib/samba/passdb.tdb? No !!!
else
you will end up with lots of users from debian in this password file
and you don't want that.

Setup samba.schema file for ldap
zcat /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/examples/LDAP/samba.schema.gz >
/etc/ldap/schema/samba.schema

In this setup I use /home/samba for the samba environment.
i use these directories.
/home/samba skel,data,profiles,netlogon,printers,spool
/home/users/ username

2.2 basic rights setup for samba

/home/samba 777 Administrator:Domain
Admins
/home/samba/spool 777 Administrator:Domain
Admins
/home/samba/printers 775 Administrator:Domain Admins
/home/samba/profiles 777 Administrator:Domain Admins
/home/samba/netlogon 775 Administrator:Domain Admins
/home/samba/data 775 Administrator:Domain
Admins
/home/samba/temp 777 Administrator:Domain
Admins
/home/samba/tools 755 Administrator:Domain
Admins
/home/samba/skel 755 Administrator:Domain
Admins

2.3 why this rights setup.

1 Administrator can create in complete samba environment.
2 In data directories my users are not allowed to create sub dir's,
I
create one for the department, and set rights to that department,
from that point they can create directories.
3 Profiles 777, in the samba config is a parameter defined
valid users = %u @"Domain Administrators"
Only the user and administrator can access the user profile
directories.
create mask and directory mask make sure rights are set primary to
the user.
3 LDAP Server configuration

Configure slapd.conf, but first stop the slapd server (
/etc/init.d/slapd stop )

Create ldap certificates for ssl support
mkdir /etc/ldap/tls

## self signed certificate
openssl req -newkey rsa:1024 -x509 -nodes -out ldap-server.pem -
keyout
ldap-server.pem -days 3650 ( where Common Name =
ldap.yourdomain.tld )

edit /etc/ldap/slapd.conf
put these below the other line, the order of schema files must be

correct.
insert the line "include /etc/ldap/schema/samba.schema"

add these line before the database definition
TLSCACertificateFile /etc/ldap/ssl/ldap-server.pem
TLSCertificateFile /etc/ldap/ssl/ldap-server.pem
TLSCertificateKeyFile /etc/ldap/ssl/ldap-server.pem

Now its time for the ldap database configuration for samba

example of the /etc/slapd.conf ( database 1 configuration )

#######################################################################
# Specific Directives for database #1, of type bdb:
# Database specific directives apply to this databasse until another
# 'database' directive occurs
database bdb

# The base of your directory in database #1
suffix "dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"

rootdn "cn=admin,dc=rotterdam,dc=bazuin,dc=nl"
rootpw {MD5}fsadsdafasfaewfw

## create the rootpw
## echo rootpw `slappasswd -h {Md5}` >> /etc/ldap/slapd.conf

# Where the database file are
physically stored for database #1
directory "/var/lib/ldap"

# Indexing options for database #1
### !!!!! Always run slapindex(8) after changing indices!!!!!!
### and first STOP the LDAP SERVER ( /etc/init.d/slapd stop )
index objectClass,uidNumber,gidNumber eq
index cn,sn,uid,displayName pres,eq,sub
index memberUid,mail,givenname eq,subinitial
index sambaSID,sambaPrimaryGroupSID,sambaDomainName, eq
## default index
index default eq

# Save the time that the entry gets modified, for database #1
lastmod on

# Where to store the replica logs for database #1
replogfile /var/lib/ldap/replog
# The userPassword by default can be changed
# by the entry owning it if they are authenticated.
# Others should not be able to see it, except the
# admin entry below
# These access lines apply to database #1 only
access to attrs=userPassword
by dn="cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
by anonymous auth
by self write
by * none

# Ensure read access to the base for things like
# supportedSASLMechanisms. Without this you may
# have problems with SASL not knowing what
# mechanisms are available and the like.
# Note that this is covered by the 'access to *'
# ACL below too but if you change that as people
# are wont to do you'll still need this if you
# want SASL (and possible other things) to work
# happily.
access to dn.base="" by * read

# The admin dn has full write access, everyone else
# can read everything.
access to *
by dn="cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
by * read

# samba access list
include /etc/ldap/samba-access.conf

Example of the /etc/samba-access.conf ( database 1 configuration )

### OLD Samba no DSA users used
access to
attrs=userPassword,sambaNTPassword,sambaLMPassword,sambaPwdLastSet,sambaPwdM
ustChange
by dn="cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
by anonymous auth
by self write
by * none

access to attrs=loginShell
by dn="cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
by * none

access to
attrs=description,telephoneNumber,roomNumber,homePhone,gecos,cn,sn,givenname
by dn="cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
by self write
by * read

See appendix 1 if you want a more secure ldap database.
!! this setup does not help you to setting this up. !!

run slapindex
and start the slapd server
/etc/init.d/slapd start
4 installation/configuration libnss, libpam (-ldap)

apt-get install libnss-ldap libpam-ldap

Configuring libnss-ldap
define the host
127.0.0.1
distinguished name of the search base
dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld

LDAP version to use
3
database requires login
No
Make configuration readable/writeable by owner only
No

Configuring libpam-ldap
Make local root Database admin.
Yes
Database requires logging in.
No
Root login account
cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld
set your password
( same as above for admin )

Local crypt to use when changing passwords
exop

Configure nsswitch
# /etc/nsswitch.conf
#
# Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality.
# If you have the `glibc-doc' and `info' packages installed, try:
# `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.

passwd: compat ldap
group: compat ldap
shadow: compat ldap

hosts: files dns
networks: files

protocols: db files
services: db files
ethers: db files
rpc: db files

netgroup: nis

Now test the server
ldapsearch -x -D "cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" -W
(enter the password)
if you see
result: 0 Success

for now this is ok.
5 Samba and smbldap-tools Configuration

5.1 smbldap-tools installation/configuration

apt-get install smbldap-tools

copy the default config from the example directorie.
cp /usr/share/doc/smbldap-tools/examples/smbldap_bind.conf
/etc/smbldap-tools/

cp /usr/share/doc/smbldap-tools/examples/smbldap.conf.gz /etc/smbldap-tools/
cd /etc/smbldap-tools
gunzip smbldap.conf.gz

first the easy part.

in /etc/smbldap-tools/smbldap_bind.conf
change this to admin
slaveDN="cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
slavePw="Yourpassword"
masterDN="cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
masterPw="Yourpassword"

5.2 setting up samba base config

start with the default config
cd /etc/samba
cp /usr/share/doc/smbldap-tools/examples/smb.conf.gz /etc/samba
gunzip smb.conf.gz

change the config to your needs
some tips using samba on a firewalled system
use the following setting, here eth0 is the internal side

interfaces = eth0 lo
bind interfaces only = yes

change the binary location from /opt/..
to /usr/sbin/smbldap-....
the smbldap-tools are installed by debian in /usr/sbin

also in this setup /home/. must be changed to /home/samba/.
This will save you a lot of troubles with rights.

5.3 Configuring smbldap.conf

first we need to get some samba info

net getlocalsid

SID for domain SERVERNAME is: S-1-5-21-2074673303-3377769770-2933042573
change the SID in smbldap.conf in the your sid.

change the suffix to your suffix (dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld)
change the hash_encryption to MD5
change userLoginShell="bin/nologin"
and you nologin, because im Configuring ldap for samba only.
set the home directory ( in my case /home/users/%U )
set the other to your needs.

5.4 set the samba ldap admin password

smbpasswd -w ldapadmin_password
Setting stored password for "cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" in
secrets.tdb

now we go fill the ldap database with the base setup.

smbldap-populate -a Administrator -b nobody -u 2000 -g 2000

users are created with uid => 2000
groups are created with gid => 2000

!!!! DO NOT RUN THIS IF YOU ALREADY CREATED USERS. YOUR UID/GID's WILL GET
MESSED UPPED.

smbpasswd -a root
because root is needed for setting up the Privileges.

Now set the Administrator password and enable this user
smbldap-passwd Administrator
smbldap-usermod -J Administrator

5.5 Samba PRIVILEGES Setup

First check you rights and get to know the commands.

net rpc rights list accounts list users
net rpc rights list list defined rights.

to get what for rights are defined and users/groups

IF you use a PDC/BDC setup these commands must be done on both servers!!

test these commands:

net rpc group
(output)
Domain Admins
Domain Users
Domain Guests
Domain Computers

or

( see next page )

slapcat | grep Group | grep dn

(output)
dn: ou=Groups,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld
dn: cn=Domain Admins,ou=Groups,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld
dn: cn=Domain Users,ou=Groups,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld
dn: cn=Domain Guests,ou=Groups,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld
dn: cn=Domain Computers,ou=Groups,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld
dn: cn=Administrators,ou=Groups,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld
dn: cn=Print Operators,ou=Groups,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld
dn: cn=Backup Operators,ou=Groups,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld
dn: cn=Replicators,ou=Groups,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld

these are the privileges on samba 3.0.14a ( debian )

Privilege Description
SeMachineAccountPrivilege Add machines to domain
SePrintOperatorPrivilege Manage printers
SeAddUsersPrivilege Add users and groups to the domain
SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege Force shutdown from a remote system
SeDiskOperatorPrivilege Manage disk share

give the "Domain Admins" all of the SE Rights.
( -S Servernaam -U Username%Password )

net -S PDC -U root%Password rpc rights grant "DOMAIN\Domain Admins" \
SeMachineAccountPrivilege SePrintOperatorPrivilege SeAddUsersPrivilege \
SeDiskOperatorPrivilege SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege

Give the "Printer Operators" all Print manage rights.
( -S Servernaam -U Username%Password )

net -S PDC -U root%Password rpc rights grant "DOMAIN\Print Operators"
SePrintOperatorPrivilege
6 CUPS - Printer software

apt-cache search cups to get the info which packages are available

I installed these packages.
apt-get install cups-pdf cupsys cupsys-bsd cupsys-pt cupsys-client \
foomatic-bin foomatic-filters cupsys-driver-gimpprint gs-esp ( and
dependencies )

Configuring cupsys-bsd
Do you want to set up the BSD lpd compatibility server? Yes
all others leave default.

6.1 Setup Cups /etc/cups/cups.conf

here locate the lines Allow From 127.0.0.1
and change it to your network so you can login on the cups web
interface.
for example:
Allow from 192.168.( this way I can manage it from 2 departments. )
(192.168.1.x and 168.192.2.x )

now you can logon on http://serverip:631/
make it safer to manage by adding a user to lpadmin group
and this user can create printer queues

I create printers with the following options.
socket://printerIPnumber:9100 ( for hp jetdirect ), Raw,
Raw_queue

I only use cups as spooler for windows pc's and *nix servers.

First we are going to create 1 printer device and this is the CUPS
PDF Printer.

6.2 Setup Cups PDF Printer. - Creating a PDF Printer

With this printer you can create PDF files bij just printing to it.

- logon the web interface and choose add printer.
Name:pdf_printer
Location: %homedir%\cups-pdf
Description: pdf created in homedir\cups-pdf
Continue
- Device: Virtual Printer(PDF printer) choose it, its below,
Continue
- Choose the model/Driver for PDF_printer, Postscript,
Continue

klik on manage printers to see what you have created.
klik on Print Test Page to test the pdf printer.

a file is put in the cups-pdf directory of the user you logged on
with.

7 Configuring phpldapadmin

7.1 installation of phpldapadmin ( and apache )

get the packages
apt-get install phpldapadmin php4 apache

What is your LDAP server host address? 127.0.0.1
( you the ip/hostname where the ldapserver is )

ldaps protocol instead of ldap? No

What is the distinguished name of the search base?
dc=internal,dc=youdomain,dc=tld

Which type of authentication you want to use? session

What is the login dn for the LDAP server?
cn=admin,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld

Which web server would you like to reconfigure automatically?
select all and press OK.

restart webservers now: Yes

8.0 On-Access virus scanning on samba (samba-clamav)
8.1 Installing ClamAV

apt-get install clamav arj unzoo lha clamav-freshclam clamav-daemon
Configuring clamav-freshclam : Daemon
Choose a close mirror
Should clamd be notified after updates? Yes
8.2 get the sources ( samba & samba-vscan )

mkdir /usr/src/sources
cd /usr/src/sources

apt-get install dpkg-dev
apt-get source samba
apt-get build-dep samba

cd samba-3.0-14a
vi source/include/version.h

here remove the a from the 14 ( 3.0.14a => 3.0.14 )

./debian/rules configure-stamp
cd source
./make proto
cd ../..

wget
http://switch.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/openantivirus/samba-vscan-0.3.6
b.tar.bz2

tar xjvf samba-vscan-0.3.6b.tar.bz2

cd samba-vscan-0.3.6b
./configure
--with-samba-source=/usr/src/sources/samba-3.0.14a/source
make && make install

cp clamav/vscan-clamav.conf /etc/samba/samba-vscan-clamav.conf
change in the samba-vscan-clamav.conf
clamd socket name = /var/run/clamav/clamd.ctl
infected spins action = quarantine ( or delete , which I choose.)

When I put that lines in my smb.conf file, I can't access the share
:
vfs object = vscan-clamav
vscan-clamav: config-file = /etc/samba/samba-vscan-clamav.conf

An example:
[public]
comment = Public Directory
path = /home/public
vfs object = vscan-clamav
vscan-clamav: config-file = /etc/samba/samba-vscan-clamav.conf

!!! BEWARE !!!! if samba upgrade to a higer version you MUST
recompile
your samba-vscan. set samba to hold for no upgrade.

echo packagename hold | dpkg --set-selections set to hold
echo packagename install | dpkg --set-selections set to install
9.0 Recycle bin on samba
9.1 Recycle bin configuration

configure samba for using the recycle bin.
I made my manager happy with this.

create a file in /etc/samba
and fill it with the options below.

/etc/samba/samba-recycle.conf

name = .recycle
mode = KEEP_DIRECTORIES|VERSIONS|TOUCH
maxsize = 0
exclude = *.tmp|*.temp|*.o|*.obj|~$*|*.~??|~*.tmp
excludedir = /tmp|/temp|/cache
noversions = *.doc|*.xls|*.ppt

add this to you share, same as vscan.

vfs object = recycle
recycle: config-files = /etc/samba/samba-recycle.conf

create a recycle bin directorie and hide it for the users.

I created .recycle this way ( because of the dot) users don't see
this
IF.. you don't set you explorer to view hidden files.

restart samba and your done.

You are ready to use your samba server.

Appendix 1 (complex samba-access.conf ) SETUP WITH DSA USERS
see http://www.idealx.org/prj/samba/smbldap-howto.en.html
#### users can authenticate and change their password
#access to
attrs=userPassword,sambaNTPassword,sambaLMPassword,sambaPwdLastSet,sambaPwdM
ustChange
# by dn="cn=samba,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
# by dn="cn=smbldap-tools,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
write
# by dn="cn=nssldap,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
# by self write
# by anonymous auth
# by * none
# some attributes need to be readable anonymously so that 'id user' can
answer correctly
##access to
attrs=objectClass,entry,homeDirectory,uid,uidNumber,gidNumber,memberUid
# by dn="cn=samba,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
# by dn="cn=smbldap-tools,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
write
# by * read
# somme attributes can be writable by users themselves
##access to
attrs=description,telephoneNumber,roomNumber,homePhone,loginShell,gecos,cn,s
n,givenname
# by dn="cn=samba,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
# by dn="cn=smbldap-tools,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
write
# by self write
# by * read
## some attributes need to be writable for samba
#access to
attrs=cn,sambaLMPassword,sambaNTPassword,sambaPwdLastSet,sambaLogonTime,samb
aLogoffTime,sambaKickoffTime,sambaPwdCanChange,sambaPwdMustChange,sambaAcctF
lags,displayName,sambaHomePath,sambaHomeDrive,sambaLogonScript,sambaProfileP
ath,description,sambaUserWorkstations,sambaPrimaryGroupSID,sambaDomainName,s
ambaMungedDial,sambaBadPasswordCount,sambaBadPasswordTime,sambaPasswordHisto
ry,sambaLogonHours,sambaSID,sambaSIDList,sambaTrustFlags,sambaGroupType,samb
aNextRid,sambaNextGroupRid,sambaNextUserRid,sambaAlgorithmicRidBase,sambaSha
reName,sambaOptionName,sambaBoolOption,sambaIntegerOption,sambaStringOption,
sambaStringListoption,sambaPrivilegeList
# by dn="cn=samba,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
# by dn="cn=smbldap-tools,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
write
# by self read
# by * none
## samba need to be able to create the samba domain account
#access to dn.base="dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
# by dn="cn=samba,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
# by dn="cn=smbldap-tools,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
write
# by * none
## samba need to be able to create new users account
#access to dn="ou=Users,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
# by dn="cn=samba,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
# by dn="cn=smbldap-tools,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
write
# by * none
## samba need to be able to create new groups account
#access to dn="ou=Groups,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
# by dn="cn=samba,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
# by dn="cn=smbldap-tools,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
write
# by * none
## samba need to be able to create new computers account
#access to dn="ou=Computers,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
# by dn="cn=samba,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
# by dn="cn=smbldap-tools,ou=DSA,dc=internal,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
write
# by * none
#
## this can be omitted but we leave it: there could be other branch
## in the directory
#access to *
# by self read
# by * none

Appendix 2 APT

2.1 APT HOWTO

Preparing apt for online packages.
After installing from CD or DVD adjust your apt config.

This setup makes sure your are using stable packages, that you are using
Debian Sarge.

In the apt.conf we defined the default release of debian this case stable (
Sarge 3.1r0).
The Show-Upgrade "true" is used for showing us the packages which are going
to be installed, I like to see what I'm installing.

The sources.list if you used a CD/DVD for installing you can leave this
line in the sources.list. This can save you bandwidth. My server is on a
remote location and I don't use the cd anymore.
I added the clamav as stable because I want a new clamav for virus scanning
more info : http://www.clamav.net/binary.html

The testing and unstable sources are also unmarked, that if you really need
a newer version of a program then you can try to create it from debian
source.

You can get the source install programs and search by using the following
commands:

apt-get install package = get & install package
apt-get remove package = remove package
apt-get remove --purge package = remove and purge all files of package
dpkg --purge package = purge all files of package

apt-cache search package = search for package or part of
package name
apt-cache show package = get info over package
dpkg-reconfigure -plow package = reconfigure with priority low ( most
options )

for this first cd /usr/src.
apt-get source package = get source files of packaged

2.2 Files from /etc/apt

2.2.1 /etc/apt/apt.conf

APT::Default-Release "stable";
APT::Get::Show-Upgraded "true";
// 16 MB Limit
APT::Cache-limit 16777216;
// if you have /tmp with no mounted with noexec, you need this.
#DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {"mount -o remount,exec /tmp";};
#DPkg::Post-Invoke {"mount -o remount /tmp";};

2.2.2 /etc/apt/preferences

Package: *
Pin: release a=stable
Pin-Priority: 990

Package: *
Pin: release a=testing
Pin-Priority: 500

Package: *
Pin: release a=unstable
Pin-Priority: 50

Package: *
Pin: release a=sarge,l=debian-volatile
Pin-Priority: 990

2.2.3 /etc/apt/sources.list

# See sources.list(5) for more information, especialy
# Remember that you can only use http, ftp or file URIs
# CDROMs are managed through the apt-cdrom tool.
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
# We definect the PIN which sets the prioratie of packages selects
# see also the apt-howto
# http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/index.en.html
# and a nice howto for apt-pinning for beginners.
# http://jaqque.sbih.org/kplug/apt-pinning.html
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
# Stable PIN 990 PRODUCTION TREE
deb ftp://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free
deb-src ftp://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free
deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free
# Stable Security updates
deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free
#------------------------------------------------------------------
## Debian VOLATILE , used for clamav PINNED 990
deb http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian-volatile sarge/volatile main
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
# WARNING USE BELOW AT OWN RISK
# Testing ( PIN 500 )
#deb ftp://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free
#deb-src ftp://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free
#deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free
# Testing Security updates
#deb http://security.debian.org/ testing/updates main contrib non-free
#deb-src http://security.debian.org/ testing/updates main contrib non-free
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
# WARNING USE BELOW AT OWN RISK
# Unstable ( PIN 050 )
#deb ftp://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-src http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
# unstable Security updates
#deb http://security.debian.org/ unstable/updates main contrib non-free
#deb-src http://security.debian.org/ unstable/updates main contrib non-free
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------
#### BACKPORTS to STABLE ( Debian Sarge 3.1r0 )
## Laatest Samba from samba.org
#deb http://us4.samba.org/samba/ftp/Binary_Packages/Debian sarge samba
#deb-src http://us2.samba.org/samba/ftp/Binary_Packages/Debian sarge samba

#------------------------------------------------------------------
## MPEG/AVI addons +W32CODECS With MPlayer
#deb ftp://ftp.nerim.net/debian-marillat/ sarge main
#------------------------------------------------------------------
## www.dotdeb.org, updated php4/php5 mysql-41 mysql-50 qmail clamav etc etc.
## check the site for the packages list. if you want only 1 package (
preferred )
## change the line to #deb http://packages.dotdeb.org stable php5 for
example
#deb http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all
#deb-src http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all
#------------------------------------------------------------------
## BootSplash ( does not work on every kernel ) www.bootsplash.de
## http://www.planamente.ch/emidio/pages/linux_howto_bootsplash.php
deb http://debian.bootsplash.de unstable main
deb-src http://debian.bootsplash.de unstable main

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instructions: https://lists.samba.org/mailman/listinfo/samba

Zach

unread,

Dec 8, 2005, 8:20:07 AM12/8/05

to

Thanks for writing this. It is very timely. I am just about to start
building my samba server (to replace my ancient RH9 samba server!). I
have my ldap going but haven't started learning the samba/ldap
integration part. I think your guide will be useful.

--
If you reply to a message I posted to a mailing list,
and you want me to see your reply, be sure to put my
address in the 'To:', or I might not see the message.

Louis van Belle

unread,

Dec 8, 2005, 9:00:24 AM12/8/05

to

I made one adjustment

Part (5.4)

> smbldap-passwd Administrator
> smbldap-usermod -J Administrator
>

>> net join -S SERVERNAME -U Administrator <<< ADDED
>>
>> i forgot to let the server join the domain.
>
> 5.5 Samba PRIVILEGES Setup

and please any improvement/suggestion send it to the samba list or
directy to me.

Louis

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Zach [mailto:uid...@gmail.com]
>Verzonden: donderdag 8 december 2005 14:09
>Aan: Louis van Belle
>CC: sa...@lists.samba.org
>Onderwerp: Re: [Samba] BIG Samba howto for debian only.

Gary Dale

unread,

Mar 21, 2006, 4:50:09 PM3/21/06

to

I was following the howto below to see if I could get my
not-quite-working Samba 3.0.14a (debian) server fully working and able
to handle my Linux logins too. The problem I'm having with my Samba
setup is that I can't change user passwords except through Swat. Users
can't change them from their machines using the Windows password change
- but they are notified to change them by Samba.

Anyway, my attempts to follow the howto hit a roadblock at "3 LDAP
Server configuration". Neither slapindex nor slapd will run. It looks
like it doesn't like something about my root password, but I'm not sure
what it wants (I'm no expert on LDAP). :)

I've attached my ldap.conf and the output when I try to start ldap (in a
debug mode). Slapindex says the same things but ends with "bad
configuration file".

Any help will be greatly appreciated.

slapd.txt

slapd.conf

Gary Dale

unread,

Mar 23, 2006, 5:40:13 PM3/23/06

to

I was following the howto below (originally posted on this list as BIG
Samba howto for debian only.) to see if I could get my not-quite-working

Samba 3.0.14a (debian) server fully working and able to handle my Linux
logins too. The problem I'm having with my Samba setup is that I can't
change user passwords except through Swat. Users can't change them from
their machines using the Windows password change - but they are notified

to change them by when they expire.

Anyway, my attempts to follow the howto hit a roadblock at "3 LDAP
Server configuration". Neither slapindex nor slapd will run. It looks
like it doesn't like something about my root password, but I'm not sure
what it wants (I'm no expert on LDAP). :)

Slapindex complains "bad configuration file". Slapd gives the more detailed:
line 65 (rootpw ***)
/etc/ldap/slapd.conf: line 65: rootpw can only be set when rootdn is
under suffix

I've attached my slapd.conf file if that is of any assistance. Any help
will be greatly appreciated.

slapd.conf

Matt Richards

unread,

Mar 23, 2006, 6:10:18 PM3/23/06

to

> I was following the howto below (originally posted on this list as BIG
> Samba howto for debian only.) to see if I could get my not-quite-working
> Samba 3.0.14a (debian) server fully working and able to handle my Linux
> logins too. The problem I'm having with my Samba setup is that I can't
> change user passwords except through Swat. Users can't change them from
> their machines using the Windows password change - but they are notified
> to change them by when they expire.
>
> Anyway, my attempts to follow the howto hit a roadblock at "3 LDAP
> Server configuration". Neither slapindex nor slapd will run. It looks
> like it doesn't like something about my root password, but I'm not sure
> what it wants (I'm no expert on LDAP). :)
>
> Slapindex complains "bad configuration file". Slapd gives the more
> detailed:
> line 65 (rootpw ***)
> /etc/ldap/slapd.conf: line 65: rootpw can only be set when rootdn is
> under suffix
>
> I've attached my slapd.conf file if that is of any assistance. Any help
> will be greatly appreciated.
>
>
> Louis van Belle wrote:
>

[..snip..]

humm well looking at the config file the first thing that i notice is this
...

# The base of your directory in database #1

suffix "dc=rahim-dale,dc=org"
rootdn "cn=admin,dc=toronto,dc=ontario,dc=ca"

your root dn isn't in the base of your ldap tree, this should probuly be
something like ...

suffix "dc=rahim-dale,dc=org"
rootdn "cn=admin,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org"

try it n let us know what happens :).

HTH

Matt.

Gary Dale

unread,

Mar 25, 2006, 9:10:17 AM3/25/06

to

Matt Richards wrote:

You got it in one! I've got slapd running.

Now I'm stuck at "5.4 set the samba ldap admin password". I can set the
admin password and get the expected response, but when I try
"smbldap-populate -a Administrator -b nobody -u 2000 -g 2000", it fails
to add the various groups. I get "failed to add entry: modifications
require authentication at /usr/sbin/smbldap-populate line 460, <GEN1>
line 3." for each ou=<groupname> it tries to add.

Any ideas?

Matt Richards

unread,

Mar 25, 2006, 10:30:09 AM3/25/06

to

the smbldap-populate scripts requires authentication to the ldap server
there is probuly a problem with the login you have set in smbldap.conf ..
if you have set any at!

i would recommend looking through the smbldap-tools howto at
http://samba.idealx.org/smbldap-tools.en.html
and see if there is anything you have missed out, but the first thing i
would try is this ..

...
3 Configuring the smbldap-tools
As mentioned in the previous section, you'll have to update two
configuration files. The first (smbldap.conf) allows you to set global
parameter that are readable by everybody, and the second
(smbldap_bind.conf) defines two administrative accounts to bind to a slave
and a master ldap server: this file must thus be readable only by root. A
script is named configure.pl can help you to set their contents up. It is
located in the tarball downloaded or in the documentation directory if you
got the RPM archive (see /usr/share/doc/smbldap-tools/). Just invoke it:

/usr/share/doc/smbldap-tools/configure.pl
...

note : the smbldap-tools dir might not be located in your /usr/share/doc/
directory.

if this doesn't work you could attach your smbldap config file (with the
passwd taken out of cause) so we can have a little look.

Matt.

Gary Dale

unread,

Mar 25, 2006, 5:20:11 PM3/25/06

to

Matt Richards wrote:

I can't see anything wrong with my setup but even when I tweak the
settings a little, I get the same result. Here are: smbldap.conf,
smbldap_bind.conf (with passwords removed) and the smb.conf I'm using
for ldap (renamed right now because I'm keeping my old setup available
until I get this working).

One issue is my password does have an apostrophe and a period in it. It
shouldn't be an issue because the bind file has them in quotes. I've
also tried them escaped ("\") but that didn't change anything.

smb.conf.ldap

smbldap.conf

smbldap_bind.conf

Matt Richards

unread,

Mar 25, 2006, 7:20:08 PM3/25/06

to

ok i have looked over everything and the only thing i can see at this
moment is this ...

in your smbldap_bind.conf file you arn't using a bind dn of
cn=admin,dc=family,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org for authentication against the
ldap server but the line in the config i gave you before was rootdn
"cn=admin,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org" ... when you first setup ldap no accounts
exist in the ldap database the rootdn account is like a virtual account
that will always have full access and because of this (and i'm guessing
your ldap tree is blank) you will only be able to use the rootdn to bind
at this time.

there are a few lines you can try to attempt to bind to the ldap server ...

ldapsearch -D cn=admin,dc=family,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org -h 127.0.0.1 -x -W ""
ldapsearch -D cn=admin,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org -h 127.0.0.1 -x -W ""

the first the the bind dn in your smbldap_bind.conf and the second is
using the rootdn from the other email.

as your ldap tree is blank you wont get much output but one should fail
with a bind error and the other should say something like no such object.

HTH, let me know if they work will see if i can see anything else that may
be wrong.

Gary Dale

unread,

Mar 25, 2006, 10:50:06 PM3/25/06

to

Matt Richards wrote:

It's the one without the "family". The howto I've been following used
"internal" in some places, so I've been trying to follow that model,
replacing "internal" with "family". I went back and put the "family" in
the slapd.conf and now it worked with the "family". However, it still
failed to populate. In fact, the "adding new entry" lines still left out
family.

Next I removed family and tried again (stopping slapd and samba, running
slapindex then restarting the services each time). Still getting the
same problem.

Matt Richards

unread,

Mar 26, 2006, 8:10:11 AM3/26/06

to

ok now I think you have a root of dc=family,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org in your
ldap tree and all the scripts to create the entries in ldap are trying to
create entries under dc=rahim-dale,dc=org .. e.g
ou=Users,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org.

you have 2 options, ...

1. you can remove everything in the ldap database (including the root
object) make sure all the config files are pointing to the same place.

for this step it should be only ...

# LDAP Suffix
# Ex: suffix=dc=IDEALX,dc=ORG
suffix="dc=rahim-dale,dc=org"

in smbldap.conf

and cn=admin,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org for the slapd.conf rootdn line and
smbldap_bind.conf files

and then run the scripts again and everything should go nicely.

as I don't know how to remove everything in the ldap tree and don't have a
openldap server lying around to try anything out on I am also sending this
email to the OpenLDAP mailing lists. if anybody could help that would be
great. (ldapdelete i guess?)

2. change everything to have a ldap base of dc=family,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org
and re run the scripts, they should skip over everything that already
exists and just add the objects that don't exist.

oh also ...
if you re run

ldapsearch -D cn=admin,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org -h 127.0.0.1 -x -W ""

do you see a base and/or any other objects ?

attaching the output would be useful.

also .. ldap can be quite complicated at first, if your just starting to
use it i would recommend using a nice pretty front end so you can see what
is going on.
A good front end is ...
http://phpldapadmin.sf.net/ , however, this also requires a web server and
php being setup.

HTH

Matt.

Gary Dale

unread,

Mar 26, 2006, 9:00:17 AM3/26/06

to

Matt Richards wrote:

Actually, your two suggestions were what I'd already tried (except for
removing everything in the ldap database in 1 - how do you do that?). I
guess my language was a little confusing. I even changed the smb.conf.

Here's the output you requested:

# extended LDIF
#
# LDAPv3
# base <> with scope sub
# filter: (objectclass=*)
# requesting:
#

# search result
search: 2
result: 32 No such object

# numResponses: 1

Matt Richards

unread,

Mar 26, 2006, 9:20:14 AM3/26/06

to

lol oops i forgot to set a base in that command using -b
ldapsearch -D cn=admin,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org -b dc=rahim-dale,dc=org -h
127.0.0.1 -x -W ""

and

ldapsearch -D cn=admin,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org -b
dc=family,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org -h 127.0.0.1 -x -W ""

anyway i need to goto my mums now for some mothers day thing and i'm
already late .. oops

maybe you should try doing all the openldap related stuff from that guide
again, and this time make sure you stick to one ldap base
(dc=rahim-dale,dc=org).

Matt.

Gary Dale

unread,

Mar 26, 2006, 9:40:19 AM3/26/06

to

Matt Richards wrote:

OK, here's the new output (along with the command line I used). To be
clear, last night I did do exactly what you suggested - going back and
using just one ldap suffix - tried it with both, going back to the point
that the suffix is first entered and redoing the instructions (in the
Debian-only howto - which seems to have some cut-and-pasting from the
idealx.org howto) from there.

semper:/etc/smbldap-tools# ldapsearch -D cn=admin,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org

-b dc=rahim-dale,dc=org -h 127.0.0.1 -x -W ""

Enter LDAP Password:

# extended LDIF
#
# LDAPv3

# base <dc=rahim-dale,dc=org> with scope sub

# filter: (objectclass=*)
# requesting:
#

# rahim-dale.org
dn: dc=rahim-dale,dc=org

# admin, rahim-dale.org
dn: cn=admin,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org

# search result
search: 2

result: 0 Success

# numResponses: 3
# numEntries: 2

Below is the same thing when I try to run smbldap-populate:
semper:/etc/smbldap-tools# smbldap-populate -a Administrator -b nobody
-u 2000 -g 2000
Using workgroup name from sambaUnixIdPooldn (smbldap.conf):
sambaDomainName=rahim-dale
Using builtin directory structure
entry dc=rahim-dale,dc=org already exist.
adding new entry: ou=Users,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org

failed to add entry: modifications require authentication at
/usr/sbin/smbldap-populate line 460, <GEN1> line 3.

adding new entry: ou=Groups,dc=rahim-dale,dc=org